Friday, August 04, 2006

UML Thoughts On Interim Constitution


सुझावका अंशहरु-

-हालैको जनक्रान्तिमा नेपाली जनताका भावना र जनादेशबमोजिम लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्रात्मक राज्य निर्माण गरी राज्यको पुनःसंरचना एवं समावेशी मान्यताअनुरूप राज्य व्यवस्था सञ्चालन, सङ्क्रमणकाललाई समग्रतामा मार्गदर्शन र नयाँ संविधानको आधारभूमि तयार गर्ने उद्देश्यले विभिन्न बाह्रवटा सिद्धान्तलाई आधार मानी अन्तरिम संविधान निर्माण गर्नुपर्ने

- नेपालको र्सार्वभौमसत्ता नेपाली जनतामा निहित रहने र त्यसको प्रयोग विधायिकामार्फत् हुनुपर्ने,

- जनक्रान्तिको भावनाबमोजिमको नयाँ राष्ट्रियगान हुनुपर्ने,

- नेपालीलगायत विभिन्न भाषालाई सरकारी कामकाजको भाषा बनाउने व्यवस्था हुनुपर्ने,

-वि.सं.२०३७ को जनमत सङ्ग्रहको मतदाता नामावलीलाई आधार मानी सरल र सहज प्रक्रियाबाट एकपटक नागरिकता प्रदान गरी समस्याको टुङ्गो लगाउने व्यवस्था गर्ने,

-आमाको नामबाट नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्ने व्यवस्था गर्ने

-नेपाल धर्मनिरपेक्ष राज्य हुनुपर्ने।

- संविधानसभा समावेशी मान्यताअनुरूप बनाउन सबैको समानुपातिक प्रतिनिधित्वका लागि समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली अपनाउने व्यवस्था गर्ने र मतदाताको उमेर १६ वर्ष गर्ने।

- जनआन्दोलनको मुख्य जनादेश लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र स्थापना भएकाले सोसम्बन्धमा जनताको मत सङ्कलन गरी संविधानसभाले सोहीअनुरूपको संविधान निर्माण गर्न जनमत सङ्ग्रह र संविधानसभाको निर्वाचन एकैपटक गर्ने।

-मुलुकको महत्वपूर्ण विषयमा निर्णय गर्न जनमतसङ्ग्रहको व्यवस्था समावेश गर्नुपर्दछ।

- हाल बहाल रहेको प्रतिनिधिसभालाई प्रतिस्थापन गर्ने अर्को व्यवस्था नभएसम्म यसै प्रतिनिधिसभाले व्यवस्थापिकाको सम्पूर्ण कार्य गर्ने र सात राजनीतिक दल एवं नेकपा माओवादीबीच भएको सहमतिअनुरूप प्रतिनिधिसभाको विकल्पमा बन्ने वैकल्पिक व्यवस्थाले त्यस उप्रान्त व्यवस्थापिकाको कार्य गर्ने।

-मानवअधिकारका अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय मान्यता र प्रचलनअनुरूप विद्यमान मौलिक हकको व्यवस्थामा थप गरी जीवन, स्वास्थ्य, शिक्षा, सुरक्षा, क्षतिपूर्ति, पीडितको पुनःस्थापना र क्षतिपूर्ति, अल्पसङ्ख्यक, आदिवासी, अपाङ्ग, बालबालिका, बौद्धिक सम्पति, रोजगारी र पैतृक सम्पतिमा छोराछोरीको समानअधिकार तथा खाद्य संप्रभुताको प्रत्याभूतिजस्ता विभिन्न हकअधिकारलाई जनताको अधिकारका रूपमा समावेश गर्ने ।

-राज्यका निर्देशक सिद्धान्तमा राज्यका विभिन्न तहमा महिलाको एक तिहाई प्रतिनिधित्व गरिने नीति स्पष्ट गर्ने, मुलुकलाई सबै प्रकारका भेदभावको अन्त्य र हिंसामुक्त बनाउने, दलित, जनजाति, आदिवासी, मधेशी, अपाङ्ग, श्रमिक, किसान, पिछडिएका क्षेत्र र गरिबीको रेखामुनि रहेका जनताको विकासका निम्ति विशेष कार्यक्रम सञ्चालन गर्ने, राष्ट्रसङ्घको बडापत्र र पञ्चशीलका सिद्धान्तका आधारमा राष्ट्रिय हितअनुरूपको परराष्ट्र नीति अबलम्बन गर्ने।

-राज्यको आर्थिक नीतिमा सामन्ती व्यवस्थाको पूर्ण रूपमा अन्त्य गर्ने, क्रान्तिकारी भूमिसुधारलाई कार्यान्वयन गर्ने तथा आर्थिक क्षेत्रमा राजकीय, सहकारी र निजी क्षेत्रको भूमिकालाई सन्तुलितरूपमा सञ्चालन गरी धनी र गरिबको असमानतालाई न्यूनीकरण गर्ने।

-कार्यपालिकाको सम्पूर्ण अधिकार मन्त्रिपरिषदमा रहने, सङ्क्रणकालमा बन्ने मन्त्रिपरिषद र्सवदलीय हुने हुँदा त्यसले सहमतिका आधारमा आफ्नो कार्यसम्पादन गर्ने र शासनप्रशासन र्सवदलीय सहमतिका आधारमा तय गरिएको विधि र प्रक्रियाअनुरूप सञ्चालन हुनुपर्ने।

-संविधान तथा संविधानसभाको निर्वाचनसम्बन्धमा उठेका विवादलाई टुङ्गो लगाउन संवैधानिक अदालतको व्यवस्था गर्ने, संविधानसभा, जनमत सङ्ग्रह र स्थानीय निकायको निर्वाचनका लागि स्वतन्त्र र निष्पक्ष आयोगको गठन गर्ने र राष्ट्रिय मानवअधिकार आयोगलाई संवैधानिक अङ्गका रूपमा समावेश गर्ने।

-नेपाली सेनाको सङ्गठनलाई समावेशी र राष्ट्रिय स्वरूपको बनाउने, सेनाको लोकतान्त्रीकरण र आधुनिकीकरण गर्दै त्यसलाई दक्ष र व्यावसायिक बनाउने, सेना व्यवस्थापिकाप्रति उत्तरदायी हुने तथा नेपाली सेनाको नियन्त्रण, प्रयोग र परिचालन गर्न मन्त्रिपरिषदले राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा परिषद गठन गर्ने।

अन्तरिम संविधान जारी भएपछि नेपाल अधिराज्यको संविधान, २०४७ खारेज गर्नुपर्ने। सो संविधान कार्यान्वयन गर्न कुनै बाधा-अड्काऊ परेमा मन्त्रिपरिषद्को प्रस्तावका आधारमा प्रतिनिधिसभा वा व्यवस्थापिकाले त्यस्तो बाधाअड्काऊ फुकाउनसक्ने व्यवस्था गर्ने।


The UML document comes across as a middle ground between the Maoist and Congress documents especially on the arms management issue.

I appreciate the clear commitment to a democratic republic. At this rate you are looking at a UML-Maoist coalition government at the center.

Using languages other than Nepali in government work is a big jump from where this party was in 1990, but the stand is still too vague. The technical details and implications have to be thought out.

I greatly appreciate the positive word on the citizenship paper issue. Since all the big parties are for it now, I expect this issue to be resolved before the constituent assembly elections.

Bringing the voting age down to 16 makes a lot of sense for a young population like Nepal.

The UML also holds the middle ground on the interim parliament idea. It appears to be more flexible than either the Maoists or the Koirala Congress.

1/3 reservations for women at all levels of government is one of the best things to have come out of the April Revolution.

Land reform: this has to be done. Likely a UML-Maoist coalition government will do it.

Government ownership, co-operative style of ownership, and private ownership. The UML says all three will come into play. This also is a middle ground between the Maoists and the Congress.

The army will not be dismantled. None of the parties have entertained that idea. The parties need to get more specific on what they mean by democratization of the army.

What about the size? Right now you are looking at an army that is 130,000 strong. That is too big. How will the downsizing happen?

Paying For Democracy
Hindi Is At The Core Of The Madhesi Identity
The UML Can Break The Deadlock
Critiquing The Nepali Congress Proposed Constitution
नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा
April Convention: Creating A Glowing Core
Critiquing The Maoist Proposed Constitution
माओवादीको संविधान मस्यौदा
Critiquing Pitambar Sharma's Federalism
Baburam Bhattarai, Janadesh Article
What Is The SPA Report On The Maoists?
Fire Some Generals

Visitors

Page views yesterday 206
4 August12:11Planet Internet, Netherlands, The
13.4 August12:31TV Cable, Colombia
14.4 August12:32Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd, India
15.4 August12:34Swipnet, Sweden
4 August12:36Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
4 August12:42Infocom Pvt. Ltd., Nepal
4 August13:21University Nebraska Medical, Omaha, United States
32.4 August13:55Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd, India
33.4 August13:59Duke University, Durham, United States
34.4 August14:07Xspedius Management Co.,LLC., United States
35.4 August14:11Duke University, Durham, United States
36.4 August14:13Sapient Italy, United States
39.4 August14:27AMD, Austin, United States
40.4 August14:30AMD, Austin, United States
42.4 August14:46Ameritech, United States
43.4 August14:49Ameritech, United States
44.4 August14:50Fannie Mae, Washington, D.C., United States
45.4 August14:51Fannie Mae, Washington, D.C., United States
49.4 August14:57Equant, France
50.4 August15:01Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
at No comments:

Paying For Democracy


Proposed Constitution

Draft 1

President, Rs 100,000 a month,
Vice President, Rs 70,000 a month,
Cabinent Members, Rs 60,000 a month, 20 Ministers, Rs 1,000,000

Total Rs 1,170,000 per month

National Parliament

Lower House, 180 Members, Rs 30,000 a month, Rs 5,400,000
Upper House, 60 Members, Rs 35,000 a month, Rs 2,100,000

Total Rs 7,500,000 per month

Three State Parliaments

Lower Houses, 360 Members, Rs 20,000 a month, Rs 7,200,000
Upper Houses, 120 Members, Rs 25,000 a month, Rs 3,000,000

Total Rs 10,200,000 per month

Three State Executives

Three Governors, Rs 50,000 a month, Rs 150,000
Three Cabinets, 15 each, 45 Total, Rs 40,000 a month, Rs 1,800,000

Total Rs 1,950,000 per month

75 District Chairpersons, Rs 20,000 a month each, Rs 1,500,000
District Level Elected Officials, 20-30 per district, Rs 15,000 each, Rs 375,000

Total Rs 1,875,000 per month

Village Mayors, 4000 Total, at Rs 10,000 each, Rs 40,000,000
Town And City Mayors, 40, at Rs 20-30,000 each, Rs 1,000,000
Wada Chairpersons, 4000 * 9 is 36,000, at Rs 7,000 each, Rs 252,000,000

Total Rs 293,000,000

27 million people. Likely 13 million votes. At Rs. 5 per vote earned by a national party. Rs 65 million per year.

Total Rs 12 million per month

Grant Total 327,695,000 per month.

This looks a little too rosy. This is the expensive scenario. Cost cuttings are needed.

Proposed Constitution

Draft 2

President, Rs 60,000 a month,
Vice President, Rs 50,000 a month,
Cabinent Members, Rs 35,000 a month, 20 Ministers, Rs 700,000

Total Rs 810,000 per month

National Parliament

Lower House, 180 Members, Rs 30,000 a month, Rs 5,400,000
Upper House, 60 Members, Rs 35,000 a month, Rs 2,100,000

Total Rs 7,500,000 per month

Three State Parliaments

Lower Houses, 360 Members, Rs 20,000 a month, Rs 7,200,000
Upper Houses, 120 Members, Rs 25,000 a month, Rs 3,000,000

Total Rs 10,200,000 per month

Three State Executives

Three Governors, Rs 50,000 a month, Rs 150,000
Three Cabinets, 15 each, 45 Total, Rs 40,000 a month, Rs 1,800,000

Total Rs 1,950,000 per month

75 District Chairpersons, Rs 20,000 a month each, Rs 1,500,000
District Level Elected Officials, 20-30 per district, Rs 10,000 each, Rs 250,000

Total Rs 1,750,000 per month

Village Mayors, 4000 Total, at Rs 7,000 each, Rs 28,000,000
Town And City Mayors, 40, at Rs 20,000 each, Rs 800,000
Wada Chairpersons, 4000 * 9 is 36,000, at Rs 4,000 each, Rs 144,000,000

Total Rs 172,800,000

27 million people. Likely 13 million votes. At Rs. 2 per vote earned by a national party. Rs 26 million per year.

Total Rs 2 million per month approx.

Grant Total 197,010,000 per month.

This looks better, but it is still a lot. But we have to remember the federal government does not pay for all. The state and district governments pay also. And we have to compare this expense to the expenses on the monarchy. Democracy is worth the price. We inculcate a culture of full time politicians from the grassroots onwards. This structure will also help us get strongly anti-corruption.

Proposed Constitution

At The Village Level

Village Mayors, 4000 Total, at Rs 7,000 each, Rs 28,000,000
Town And City Mayors, 40, at Rs 20,000 each, Rs 800,000
Wada Chairpersons, 4000 * 9 is 36,000, at Rs 4,000 each, Rs 144,000,000

This is where a big chunk of the expense is coming from, especially at the Wada level. Perhaps we can reduce the costs by envisioning part time Wada chairpersons who get paid Rs 2000 a month, or even Rs 1000 a month.

Wada Chairpersons, 4000 * 9 is 36,000, at Rs 2,000 each, Rs 72,000,000
Grant Total 125,010,000 per month.
Wada Chairpersons, 4000 * 9 is 36,000, at Rs 1,000 each, Rs 36,000,000
Grant Total 89,010,000 per month.

As you can see, the costs go down dramatically when you envision part-timers for Wada chairpersons.

The question is, will and should Nepal pay Rs 89 million a month for democracy? That right there is big reason why the monarchy has to be abolished. It is the money, stupid.

Abolish the monarchy, abolish the army, pay for democracy instead.

Abolish The Monarchy, Abolish The Army

In The News

High-level Commission summons Katawal, Rana NepalNews
Sign ceasefire, human rights code of conduct before CA polls: RJP chief Thapa
Eight children killed from armed conflict during ceasefire: Report
Industrialist shot at in Birgunj A group of armed assailants in motorcycles shot Agrawal near Ghadigharwa Pokhari of the district, while on a morning walk at around 6.30 in the morning...... The paper was left by Indian criminal Chotelal Sahani's group. The group had carried out similar attacks against other industrialists of the district before.
Nepal not to rush for entering into HIPC, MDRI: Finance Minister Dr Mahat Mahat has said that Nepal would expedite reform measures for the betterment of the national economy rather than rushing to enter into the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative and Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI)....... HIPC was launched by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) as a comprehensive approach to debt reduction in highly indebted poor countries and MDRI was launched in 2006 as an important supplemental initiative for debt relief and progress towards the millennium development goals based on a G8 initiative in 2005....... Nepal currently has over Rs 234 billion outstanding foreign debt while domestic stands at Rs 84 billion as of July 16..... a total of 40 countries, most of them in sub-Saharan Africa, are now determined eligible to receive debt relief under the HIPC initiative. .... countries who have entered the HIPC initiative have registered disappointing economic growth, adding, “As Nepal holds tremendous potential to achieve a double digit growth in the changed context, entering into HIPC would be a deterring factor.” ....... “After entering the HIPC, foreign aid flow is likely to be stopped in Nepal’s potentially competitive areas such as hydropower and electricity”
Try guilty army men in civil Court: Rights body
Probe commission grills CoAS Thapa; ‘We only followed state orders
Tourist arrivals by air up by over seven percent: NTB
The country’s future is dark - By Kunda Dixit Nepal’s electricity demand is increasing at 60 MW a year ..... The coming winter and winters till 2013 will see power cuts lasting 8-10 hours a day even if new projects are undertaken right away. Still, at the Ministry of Water Resources and the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) it is difficult to detect a sense of urgency. ...... there will be a 150MW shortfall during peak hours in the dry season. .... Loss from the grid due to pilferage and technical reasons is 24 percent, one of the highest in the world. Reducing this by half would be equivalent to installing a new 60MW powerplant. A campaign to get consumers to switch from incandescent to compact fluorescent lamps could reduce nationwide energy demand by another 40MW........ Implementing seasonal tariffs for industries would earn NEA Rs 2 billion a year selling flood energy that would otherwise be wasted and time-of-day pricing would reduce peak demand by another 20MW. Even on the generation side, the situation needn’t be so precarious. A dozen determined private Nepali investors are already adding about 30MW a year with local financing...... The project that can come onstream earliest is the 309 MW Upper Tama Kosi .... wants to increase Upper Tama Kosi to 450 MW and export monsoon power to India. ..... so there is no repetition of the Khimti debacle in the early 1990s when a government that wanted to show its investor-friendliness gave away too many concessions, including dollar denomination and an escalation clause on high tariffs........ If the final decision on Upper Tama Kosi is taken at the end of this year and construction starts in 2007 it will still take five more years to come on line. “We have to be fast,” says Gyanendra Lal Pradhan of BPC. “If we start today we may be able to stop load shedding in seven years. If we don’t, we’ll have power cuts till 2016.” ....... A 220 kVa transmission line from Khimti to Dhalkebar is nearly complete and when extended to the border will allow export of flood energy to India and import of electricity from the southern neighbour in winter when India has a surplus and Nepal has a shortage......
Demanding For Election Date - By Keshab Poudel demands like announcement of the date for the elections of Constituent Assembly, interim constitution, formation of interim government and dissolution of present House of Representatives and actions against the security personnel involved in oppression of People’s Movement II ...... their major demand calling for the announcement of the date for the election of CA is a common demand of people of all walks of life...... some regressive elements are hatching conspiracy against the elections of Constituent Assembly ...... “Members of House of Representatives and some leaders of seven parties alliance are, knowingly or unknowingly, working to encourage regressive forces. If the date for the elections is announced, all of us will go to the village to campaign for democratic republic.” ...... Leaders of mainstream parties want to prolong present transition period without announcing the date for elections. ...... Some vested interests in power at present are interested to have an interim constitution without popular representation as long as possible...... K.P. Sharma Oli. “We cannot hold the free and fair elections as long as the management of the arms and ammunition of the Maoists.” ...... In his recent meeting with prime minister Girija Prasad Koirala, US ambassador to Nepal James F. Moriarty reportedly stressed the need to stop the rebels from joining the government until they laid down arms. The Himalayan Times reported that Moriarty told Koirala that “ Washington was very very concerned about what could happen in Nepal at a time when the government has been struggling to deal with the rebels sternly.” ...... Once the election is held, many of the confusions, worries and tensions of the common people will have a just and democratic redress ..... A truly popular government backed by a fresh opinion of the people would subside frustration and pessimism which is rampant at present. ....... If the genius is available to draft an interim constitution within 15 days, it would not be impossible to find out a team of elections commissioners who cold hold the elections within next four months. .......

Dishanirdesh

Keith Bloomfield, Shekhar Koirala Part 1, Part 2, Part 3

Visitors

3 August17:28ElisaCom Oy, Finland
3 August18:17City of Chandler, Chandler, United States
21.3 August18:27Sapient Italy, United States
22.3 August19:02ZAQ, Japan
3 August19:59Road Runner, Houston, United States
3 August20:28eXeTeL Pty Ltd, Australia
August20:29Pacific Bell Internet, Irvine, United States
3 August21:07Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States
at No comments:

Thursday, August 03, 2006

Hindi Is At The Core Of The Madhesi Identity


Hindi is spoken by less than 1% of the people in Nepal as their first language. But it is that language more than anything else that is the bedrock of the Madhesi identity.

Pahadis in power for decades have tried to reduce the Madhesi community to the component castes and subcastes. Until recently the big parties talked of Dalit, Janajati and Mahila, but not of the Madhesi. Now they are starting to.

Pahadis talk of the casteism in the Terai, as if casteism were not an issue in the Pahad. Pahadis talk of sexism in the Terai as if sexism were not an issue in the Pahad.

More Madhesis are assertive today than was the case 10 or 15 years ago. But that assertion falls far short. The Sadbhavana party has not benefited from that assertion. A few Madhesis that are beginning to say a few things are still in the early stages of political consciousness. There is talk of being dissatisfied. But there still is not that vision of total equality.

Equality would mean the country would become a republic, and there would be a 50-50 chance a Madhesi would be President. Equality would mean a party like the Sadbhavana would grow into all 75 districts. Large swathes of the Janajati would adopt the Sadbhavana as their own by overcoming their Pahadi chauvinism.

Equality would mean half the judges in the country would be Madhesi, half of the Nepal Army would be Madhesi. A Madhesi would soon rise up the ranks and become Army Chief.

But people have a hard time thinking those thoughts. Even the conscious Madhesis have not taken that final step of thinking equality. The idea that Madhesis are not fully Nepali, less Nepali and more Indian, has been internalized. The idea of someone in dhoti kurta running the country has not ignited in the imagination yet. It just does not feel natural. It has never happened. A Newar yes, but never a Madhesi.

If there are six million Madhesis without citizenship papers, it must be because they are Indian. I have heard that suggestion from the mouths of some leading activists.

The word Nepali has never included a Madhesi like me. A new Nepal is being born. The term Nepali now has to include the Madhesi. For that the Madhesis have to remain vigilant.

There are Maithili, Bhojpuri, Awadhi and Tharu speakers. But it is Hindi that is the link language, it is not Nepali. Mahendra tried to impose Nepali on the Madhesis, but it has not worked, because it is so unnatural.

The Pahadis who have been lording over the Madhesis for generations will tell you, why do you not talk about Maithili instead, why do you talk about Hindi? They say that with the air of people who have given Maithili its due place ever. The 1990 constitution said people could organize primary schools in their mother tongues. As in, if it is Nepali, the state funds it, if it is Maithili, the local community will have to fund it itself. Maithili was not allowed to be used in the Janakpur municipality. Licenses for proposed Maithili FM radio stations were disallowed.

And they still say why don't you talk in terms of Maithili instead? It is not because they care about the Maithili language. It is called divide and rule. It is classic power play.

Linguistic diversity is at the center of diversity issues in the country.

Hindi as the link language does not marginalize Maithili, and the other Terai languages.

Hindi On Par With Nepali

That is the only way to go. The Madhesi-Pahadi dynamic is the fundamental social dynamic in Nepal. Putting Hindi on par with Nepali is the only healthy way to forge ahead.

The Desi Identity

Nepal has to make common cause and work to make Hindi the sixth UN language. Power lies in numbers. And for that the Nepalis have to learn to claim the Desi and the Asian identities, and the Blac identity.

So the Pahadis don't do it just for Madhesis but also for themselves.

Proposed Constitution

April Convention: Creating A Glowing Core
Girija, Resign
Hridayesh
Andolan Again
Congress Unification: Not Possible, Unnecessary
Direct Elections, One Seat For Every 100,000 People, Reservations, Primaries
Federalism: Competing Maps
Brikhesh Chandra Lal: Representation In Constituent Assembly
FDI, NRN, Upendra Mahato, $100 Million Fund, Dual Citizenship
C.K. Lal: NRIs In Nepal
ANA Convention: My Hamro Nepal Speech
Interim Constitution Draft
Why It Is Important To Me The Congress Takes Up A Federal Republic
Madhesis, Social Justice, And The DaMaJaMa Equation In Nepal
Rameshwor Shah: Inclusive Constituent Assembly
June 17 Madhesi Gathering In New York City
MaMaMaMa
Frustration, Chemical Imbalance, Mental Imbalance
UML Inching Towards Federalism
Bahun, Chhetri, Sunni
Jay Prakash Gupta
June 7 Madhesi Rally In Janakpur
Monarchy, Army, Federalism
MaDaMaJa
Dr. Binay Shah
Democracy Diwali At The Nepali Mandir
Dr. Ram Krishna Shah
One Central Committee Member For Every Million Nepali
मधेशीसँग संख्या छ, शिक्त छैन
No Short Cuts: Madhesis Will Have To March
Chitralekha Yadav: Speaker
Madhesi Rights: Total Equality
My Most Controversial Blog Post To Date: On Madhesi Issue
Aire Gaire Natthu Khaire Pahadis
First ANTA NYC Event, Times Square Marriott
ये तो क्रान्ित है

On The Web

Hindi Language and Literature
Hindi Links
BBCHindi.com
Hindi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hindi Lesson 1Ukindia
Hindi Movie Songs
मुख्य पृष्ठ - विकिपीडिया
Google
Hindi Program at Penn
Hindi Electronic Dictionary
Hindi Songs Collection
Hindi songs from Raaga.com - hindi songs, videos and latest movies
Sify Hindi: India's most comprehensive news site on india, in ...
Jagran - World's largest Hindi portal -US Mirror
VOA News - वायस आफ़ अमेरिका Voice of America Hindi
Open Directory - World: Hindi
Ethnologue 14 report for language code:HND
Hindi Songs Lyrics
Hindi Milap Online
Yamada Language Center Hindi Fonts
Rare Old Hindi Songs By Classic Movie Club
Say Hello in the Hindi Language
Naidunia: First Hindi Newspaper on the Internet
BollywoodLyrics.com: Home of hindi song lyrics and english ...
Hindi Script Tutor
Hindi Bollywood Songs - Real Audio Video MP3
Welcome to Rediff.com
Hindi alphabet, pronunciation and language
Common names in hindi
The Four Spiritual Laws - Hindi
Indian Languages Portal - Hindi Main Page
God's Simple Plan Of Salvation - Hindi
DW-WORLD.DE - हिंदी
Hindi Home Page
Hindi - Music India OnLine
Hindi Movies
bollywood latest songs hindi download mp3
Khoj - Directory for hindi
::भारत-दर्शन हिन्दी साहित्यिक ...
Hindi
A1 Bollywood Hindi Tamil Telugu Indian Music Videos Songs ...
Hindi Mp3 Collection
HindiNest.com is published weekly as a Hindi Web Magazine. The ...
ECTACO Translation Software for Hindi. Windows, Nokia, Sony ...
yourDictionary.com . Indo-Iranian Languages: Persian, Farsi, Hindi ...
Ethnologue report for language code:hin
Reading and making Hindi characters
Free Hindi Ringtones
Hindi Bible
Hindi Web Sangh
Hindi
Open Directory - World: Hindi: समाचार
Word AnyWhere: Hindi English and Other Indian Languages Dictionary
Food Standards Agency - Hindi publications
SAMACHAR -- The Bookmark for the Global Indian
hi: Content
Hindi Society Singapore
Hindi Grammar
मुख्य पृष्ठ - विक्षनरी
Hindi Guru
Shabdkosh.com - Online English Hindi Dictionary
Free Hindi Ringtones, Bollywood Ringtones, Hindi Songs online ...
University of Oregon Yamada Language Center Hindi Urdu Course
Animals in sounds in Hindi
Hindi Song Book
UPenn Page for Hindi Alphabet
Hindi Authors: The South Asian Literary Recordings Project ...
Bharatvani online Hindi teacher
hindibhasha.com - Hindi Learning Resources on the Web
at 1 comment:

The UML Can Break The Deadlock


UML To Back Federal Republican Set-up Himalayan Times Madhav Kumar Nepal on Thursday said his party will take federal republican system with regional autonomy as the formal party line for elections to a Constituent Assembly...... "We are tired of this centralised and unitary political system in which the capital holds all the power and poses to be feudal. All regions should be autonomous in the sense they will be independent of the capital in the coming political restructure," Nepal said. ...... by the time the assembly elections are held, it must be clear whether we need monarchy or a republic...... "We must not forget that we need the support of the UN in monitoring and supervising weapons of the Nepali Army and the Maoists." ..... the date for the assembly elections should be announced within two months from now and polls held by April next year. He added that issues like arms management, interim statute and interim parliament should be settled before that. Around 2,000 general members were gathered on Thursday and the party aims to take its strength to 67,000 by December.
The Girija stand that the Maoists surrender their arms now is not the unified position of the seven party alliance. Girija does not consult. That just is not his style. Girija Koirala is a great example of how not to conduct internal democracy inside a political party or a coalition.

Forget Prachanda, Girija Koirala has a fundamental difference on the issue of arms management with Madhav Nepal. This is a clear indication that what is being passed as the official seven party alliance on arms management is the stand of one person, maybe one party at the most.

An issue like this which could make or break the entire peace process has to be widely discussed, debated among the seven members of the alliance. And that has not happened.

The days of the Nepali Congress being the largest party in Nepal are over for good. Nepal has entered an era of hung parliaments and coalition governments. And so the Congress necessarily will have to embed a culture of consulting with other parties because that is the only way to go ahead.

For me it is not even the decision that irks. If the seven parties were to widely discuss and collectively reach the decision that they want to see the Maoists surrender all their weapons now, I would have to pause and think. I might even support that stand, since that would mean the seven parties do not trust the Maoists on fundamental issues like rule of law and the multi-party framework. But right now it is not the stand that I am concerned about. I am concerned about the process that brought forth that stand. And that is autocratic.

In a hung parliament, the UML and the Maoists will be the most likely partners. They will likely form a coalition government. They might be the most likely parties to get together to implement meaningful land reform in the country. And so perhaps they should stop seeing each other as competitors, and start seeing each other as partners.

It is for the UML to distance itself now from the Nepali Congress stand. And it is perhaps for the Deuba Congress to do the same. And perhaps the smaller parties like the Jana Morcha and the Sadbhavana to follow along those lines.

The Nepali Congress has to be isolated in the seven party alliance if that is the price to be paid to rescue the fragile peace process. The Nepali people want peace and democracy. It is for the seven parties and the Maoists to deliver that.

There has to be a wide discusssion on arms management. All options have to be put on the table. There are a few options presented in the diagram below. Click to enlarge the image.



Critiquing The Nepali Congress Proposed Constitution
नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा
April Convention: Creating A Glowing Core
Critiquing The Maoist Proposed Constitution
माओवादीको संविधान मस्यौदा
Critiquing Pitambar Sharma's Federalism
Baburam Bhattarai, Janadesh Article
What Is The SPA Report On The Maoists?
Fire Some Generals
Micro Investment
April Convention: Emerging Picture
Pitambar Sharma's Federalism
Girija, Resign
Interim Monarchy, Interim Army, Interim Parliament
Hridayesh

Visitors

7 July 2006, Friday268

8 July 2006, Saturday127

9 July 2006, Sunday122

10 July 2006, Monday141

11 July 2006, Tuesday137

12 July 2006, Wednesday473

13 July 2006, Thursday450

14 July 2006, Friday251

15 July 2006, Saturday197

16 July 2006, Sunday122

17 July 2006, Monday219

18 July 2006, Tuesday300

19 July 2006, Wednesday162

20 July 2006, Thursday147

21 July 2006, Friday174

22 July 2006, Saturday128

23 July 2006, Sunday129

24 July 2006, Monday119

25 July 2006, Tuesday142

26 July 2006, Wednesday271

27 July 2006, Thursday168

28 July 2006, Friday232

29 July 2006, Saturday263

30 July 2006, Sunday240

31 July 2006, Monday200

1 August 2006, Tuesday139

2 August 2006, Wednesday127

3 August 2006, Thursday131
1.United States2918961.8 %
2.United Kingdom30246.4 %
3.Nepal29636.3 %
4.India23405.0 %
5.Canada11362.4 %
6.Germany9682.0 %
7.Hong Kong S.A.R.8801.9 %
8.Australia5331.1 %
9.Sweden4551.0 %
10.Japan4130.9 %

Unknown9532.0 %

The rest43949.3 %

Audio: Baburam Bhattarai
at No comments:

Critiquing The Nepali Congress Proposed Constitution


नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा
Critiquing The Maoist Proposed Constitution
माओवादीको संविधान मस्यौदा

The Nepali Congress is thinking in terms of the future. It sees the Maoist party as a competition, and that is not unfair. But the competition has started a little too early for my taste. (Time For Competition Will Come)

The Nepali Congress is digging its heels on the arms management issue. Basically it wants the Nepal Army to stay intact, and it wants the Maoists to disarm. This is classic Girija. When the five party alliance was agitating against the king, and this was before the coup, there was an agreement that Madhav Nepal would be made Prime Minister. But then when it looked like the movement is about to succeed, he backtracked. He suggested the reality has changed. He is doing the same to the Maoists now.

Girija is betting on the suggestion that the Maoists do not have the political option to go back to war, and that might be true. But the downside is the people continue to suffer the idea of two states in one country. Maoist extortions will continue. They call it taxation. And the Maoists will march towards what they call the October Revolution. They will not go back to war. But they might disengage from the peace process altogether, and focus on another mass action exercise. That will complicate things. We should prove that unnecessary.

This is a game of political brinkmanship that Girija is playing. I think Girija and his colleagues do not see the Nepal Army as "feudal." They do not see that it is fundamentally undemocratic inside. Instead they see the army as a body that they have managed to tame, and they can send to war if they might so wish.

Girija is digging heels. That is what he is doing. The situation has gone back to being dicey. We are now walking on thin ice. The last time Girija was Prime Minister he resigned because he was not allowed to mobilize the army. Now he thinks those days are passe. The army is at his disposal.

Why are we even thinking in terms of possible army mobilization? 2,000 deaths were not enough. It was 13,000 deaths before Girija and the Nepali Congress came around to the idea of a constituent assembly. Now are we to think those 13,000 deaths were not enough either? What's going on?

The Nepali Congress lost quite a few of its rural cadres during the Maoist insurgency, true. And there might be a sense of vengeance, if not vengeance, then justice. That can be understood. That is what the Truth And Reconciliation Commission is for. (Land Reform, Truth And Reconciliation) And 75% of the deaths and injuries were inflicted by the now named Nepal Army. We have to remember that.

Basically the Nepali Congress is asking that the Maoists surrender their arms. What are the chances of that happening? And if the Maoists do not do it, what could they do? They could go back to an armed insurgency. But that is unlikely. Likely there will be a lessened respect for the ceasefire agreement. Extortions will go on the rise. Hope will go down among the people. The peace process could break down. The two sides could stop talking to each other, and start talking past each other. And the Maoists could start preparing for their October Revolution.

We don't want another April. The next revolution has to happen at the ballot box, not out in the streets. The peace process can not be allowed to break down. The talks have to continue. The Nepali Congress has to rethink its newfound love for the Nepal Army which has changed but in name only. Inside it is the same as ever.

I am at least glad the Nepali Congress has put forth a complete draft. What is most obviously missing is any commitment to the idea of federalism by the party.

The Congress intends to expand the current parliament to include the Maoists. प्रतिनिधिसभाद्वारा प्रयोग गरिएको सार्वभौमसत्ता र राजकीयसत्ताको निरन्तरता कायम रहने गरी गठन हुने संसद्मा प्रतिनिधिसभाका सदस्य, राष्ट्रियसभाका निर्वाचित सदस्य र राजनीतिक सहमतिको आधारमा थप सदस्य रहनेछन् । सांसदको संख्या र निर्वाचन प्रक्रिया राजनीतिक सहमतिका आधारमा निर्धारण हुनेछ । That is not such a bad idea, but before that arms management has to happen.

४. सेना

-क) नेपाली सेनाको संगठन समावेशी र राष्ट्रिय स्वरूपको हुनेछ ।

-ख) नेपाली सेनाको नियन्त्रण, प्रयोग र परिचालन गर्न प्रधानमन्त्रीको अध्यक्ष्ातामा एक राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा परिषद् रहनेछ ।

-ग) नेपाली सेनाको प्रधान सेनापतिको नियुक्ति मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ ।

-घ) सेना परिचालनसम्बन्धी मन्त्रिपरिषद्को निर्णय तीस दिनभित्र संसद्ले तोकेको व्यवस्थाबमोजिम अनुमोदन हुनुपर्नेछ ।

This is a stickler. The Nepali Congress has fallen in love with the Nepal Army, it looks like.

Looks like they are going for mixed elections. संविधानसभाको प्रयोजनका लागि हाल प्रचलित प्रमथ हुनेले विजयी हुने आधारमा प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचन र अग्रीम सूचीकृत समानुपातिक प्रणालीसहितको मिश्रति निर्वाचन पद्धतिका आधारमा निर्वाचन गरिनेछ । प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचन र समानुपातिकको अनुपात छुट्याउँदा बराबरको संख्यामा निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधि छुट्याइनेछ । प्रत्यक्षरूपमा निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधिका अतिरिक्त निर्वाचनमा भाग लिएका राजनीतिक दलहरूले प्राप्त गरेको मत प्रतिशतका आधारमा महिला, दलित, आदिवासी-जनजाति, मधेसी समुदायको जनसंख्याको अनुपातमा प्रतिनिधित्व हुनेछ । पिछडिएको भूभाग, पेसाकर्मी, अपांग, अल्पसंख्यक, नागरिक समाजका सदस्यको समेत प्रतिनिधित्व गराइनेछ ।

The stuff on citizenship papers is positive. Now go ahead and implement.

सम्प्रदाय, जात, जाति वा हिंसाको आधारमा गठित राजनीतिक संगठन वा दललाई निर्वाचन आयोगले दलका रूपमा मान्यता दिनेछैन। This is going to be a stickler.

दलको विधान र नियम लोकतान्त्रिक हुनुपर्छ । दलको आर्थिक कारोबार र प्रबन्ध पारदर्शी र कानुनसम्मत हुनुपर्छ । I like the part about finances.

यो संविधान जारी हुनुभन्दा अगाडि वा पछाडि कुनै पनि राजनीतिक दल वा संगठनसँग प्रत्यक्ष वा अप्रत्यक्षरूपमा सम्बद्ध सैन्य शक्ति र हातहतियार अस्तित्वमा रहने छैनन् ।

This was written with the Maoists in mind. Message: surrender all your arms. How well will that go down? I say the middle ground is to dismantle both armies. (Dismantle The Two Armies)

The stuff on languages is better than in the 1990 constitution but it still is not too clear. नेपाली भाषा नेपालको राष्ट्र भाषा हो र यो सरकारी कामकाजको भाषा रहनेछ । नेपालका विभिन्न भागमा बोलिने राष्ट्रिय भाषाको संरक्षण र प्रवर्द्धन गर्नु राज्यको दायित्व हुनेछ । विद्यालय तहसम्म मातृभाषामा शिक्षा प्रदान गर्ने नीति राज्यले अवलम्बन गर्नेछ । नेपाली भाषाका अतिरिक्त क्षेत्रीय र स्थानीय तहमा बोलिने राष्ट्रिय भाषासमेत क्षेत्रीय र स्थानीय सरकारी कामकाज र सम्पर्क भाषा हुन सक्नेछन् ।

The Congress mentions the word Madhesi a few times. They used to avoid it like the plague.

महिला प्रतिनिधित्व ः राज्य र पार्टीका विभिन्न तहमा ३३ प्रतिशतसम्म महिलालाई स्थान दिइने नीति अंगिकार गरिनेछ । This is the best part of the document. Bravo.

The language on restructuring is too vague, as if it were hot potato. राज्यको पुनर्संरचना राज्यको केन्द्रीकृत ढाँचा परिवर्तन गरी र थप समावेशी राज्यको निर्माण संविधानसभाले निर्धारण गरेबमोजिम हुनेछ । पुनर्संरचनाको आधार भूबनोट, जनसंख्या, भाषा, आर्थिक अन्तरसम्बन्ध र सांस्कृतिक, सामुदायिक पहिचान आदिलाई मुख्यरूपले बनाउनुपर्नेछ ।

Overall I am positive on many parts of the document, but it is weak where it matters the most: arms management. Both sides are going to have to buzz and seek middle ground. The UML could play a key role now to try and bridge the gap.

Proposed Constitution
Interim Constitution Draft
Not So Fast, Indian Communists
Nepal As A Cutting Edge Democracy

In The News

UML To Back Federal Republican Set-up Himalayan Times Madhav Kumar Nepal on Thursday said his party will take federal republican system with regional autonomy as the formal party line for elections to a Constituent Assembly...... "We are tired of this centralised and unitary political system in which the capital holds all the power and poses to be feudal. All regions should be autonomous in the sense they will be independent of the capital in the coming political restructure," Nepal said. ...... by the time the assembly elections are held, it must be clear whether we need monarchy or a republic...... "We must not forget that we need the support of the UN in monitoring and supervising weapons of the Nepali Army and the Maoists." ..... the date for the assembly elections should be announced within two months from now and polls held by April next year. He added that issues like arms management, interim statute and interim parliament should be settled before that. Around 2,000 general members were gathered on Thursday and the party aims to take its strength to 67,000 by December.
We didn’t act on King’s orders: CoAS “He tried to defend King Gyanendra and said that the King did not direct the army to do this or that” ...... the army only backed the Nepal Police and watched the movement as the Maoists were infiltrating the movement. ...... Thapa claimed that he did not issue shoot-at-sight order even during the curfew hours ..... Thapa claimed that though the army had led the unified command during the King’s rule each security person should own responsibility for his action.....
No joint letter, it’s a deadlock; HoR to stay till rebels are armed: PM the government talks team had negotiated with the Maoist team and Maoist supremo Prachanda through e-mail and Prachanda stuck to his earlier stance that they would not decommission their arms and combatants unilaterally....... they would not accept the “double standard approach” of treating the Maoist army and the Nepali army differently...... accused PM Koirala of “speaking the language of the US Ambassador to Nepal” on the issue of arms management...... retired officials of the Nepali Army who served in the UN peacekeeping mission and conflict experts advised the Peace Committee to allow the Maoist combatants to remain in camps with a provision of monitoring by UN teams. Meanwhile, the PM today told Nepal Television in an interview that the House of Representatives will not be dissolved until the issue of the Maoists’ arms management is resolved ......

Visitors

3 August11:45Mahanagar Telephone Nigam, India
5.3 August12:29Sify Limited, India
6.3 August12:37Nepal (wlink.com.np)
7.3 August12:37Sify Limited, India
8.3 August12:43Nepal (wlink.com.np)
10.3 August13:02Helsinki Televisio Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
11.3 August13:03ETC, United Arab Emirates
12.3 August13:16University of Texas, Arlington, United States
13.3 August13:17Telenor Internet, Norway
14.3 August13:18University of Texas, Arlington, United States
15.3 August13:23Fannie Mae, Washington, D.C., United States
21.3 August14:04Binghamton University, Binghamton, United States
22.3 August14:07Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
23.3 August14:08Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
3 August14:15Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
28.3 August14:32Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
29.3 August14:38Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
30.3 August14:39Pacific Bell Internet, United States
31.3 August14:41Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
32.3 August14:44Swipnet, Sweden
33.3 August14:49Cisco Systems, Inc., United States
36.3 August15:47Canada (pathcom.ca)
37.3 August15:56Frontier Communications, Statesboro, United States
3 August16:26South Africa Internet Exchange, South Africa
at No comments:

नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा


नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा

प्रस्तावना

स्वतन्त्र र सार्वभौमसत्ता सम्पन्न नेपालको सार्वभौमसत्ता नेपाली जनतामा निहित रहेको एवं राज्यशक्तिको स्रोत केवल नेपाली जनता रहेको शाश्वत सत्यलाई केही समयअघि भएको शान्तिपूर्ण बृहत् जनआन्दोलनले स्थापित गरेको, नेपाली जनताले लोकतन्त्रमार्फत मुलुकमा दिगो शान्ति स्थापित गरी जनताको सम्प्रभुतालाई संस्थागत गर्न चाहेको, नेपाली जनताले यसअघि गरेको २०४६ सालको जनआन्दोलनले स्थापित गरेको मानवअधिकार, विधिको शासन, स्वतन्त्र न्यायपालिका, बालिगमताधिकारमा आधारित जनउत्तरदायी सरकार, निष्पक्ष निर्वाचन प्रणाली, बहुलवादी संसदीय व्यवस्थालाई सुनिश्चित गर्दै हालै सम्पन्न ऐतिहासिक जनआन्दोलन र २०६३ जेठ ४ गतेको प्रतिनिधिसभाको घोषणालाई आत्मसात गर्दै अघि बढ्न आवश्यक भएकाले र संविधानसभाले नेपाली जनताको आकांक्षाअनुसारको संविधान बनाउञ्जेल नेपाल राज्यको राजकीय सत्ता र सार्वभौम अधिकार यसै अन्तरिम संविधानबमोजिम प्रयोग हुने हामी नेपाली जनताको तर्फबाट प्रतिनिधिसभाद्वारा यो अन्तरिम संविधानको घोषणा गरी लागू गरेका छौं ।

१. सार्वभौमसत्ता

राज्यशक्तिको स्राेत नेपाली जनता हुन् । नेपालको राजकीय सत्ता र सार्वभौमसत्ता नेपाली जनतामा निहित रहनेछ । यसको प्रयोग संविधानमा व्यवस्था भएबमोजिम हुनेछ ।

२. मौलिक अधिकार

-क) नेपाल अधिराज्यको संविधान, २०४७ द्वारा प्रत्याभूत गरिएका सबै अधिकार कायम राख्दै बृहत् जनआन्दोलन -२०६३) मार्फत विस्तारित गरिएका थप अधिकार सुनिश्चित गरिनेछ ।

-ख) महिला, दलित, जनजाति, आदिवासी, मधेसी, अपांगलगायत पिछडिएको क्षेत्र एवं ट्रेड युनियन अधिकारलगायत सबै वर्गको अधिकारलाई विस्तृत तुल्याइनेछ ।

-ग) जनआन्दोलनका बेलामा प्रेसले खेलेको विशिष्ट भूमिकालाई मध्यनजर गर्दै सञ्चारमाध्यमलाई राज्यको चौथो अंगका रूपमा अन्तरिम संविधानमा स्थापित गरिनेछ र छापाखानासम्बन्धी हकभित्र सञ्चारमाध्यमको इलेक्ट्रोनिक र डिजिटलमाध्यमको हकसमेत सुरक्षित गरिनेछ ।

३. शक्ति पृथकीकरणको सिद्धान्तका आधारमा कार्यपालिका, व्यवस्थापिका र न्यायपालिकाको गठन देहायबमोजिम गरिनेछ ः

-क) कार्यपालिका

-१) संसद्प्रति उत्तरदायी मन्त्रिपरिषद्मा कार्यकारिणी अधिकार निहित हुनेछ ।

-२) मन्त्रिपरिषद्को गठन, विघटनको प्रक्रिया संसद्भित्र सीमित रहेर हुनेछ ।

-ख) व्यवस्थापिका

-१) व्यवस्थापिकीय सम्पूर्ण अधिकार संसद्ले प्रयोग गर्नेछ ।

-२) प्रतिनिधिसभाद्वारा प्रयोग गरिएको सार्वभौमसत्ता र राजकीयसत्ताको निरन्तरता कायम रहने गरी गठन हुने संसद्मा प्रतिनिधिसभाका सदस्य, राष्ट्रियसभाका निर्वाचित सदस्य र राजनीतिक सहमतिको आधारमा थप सदस्य रहनेछन् । सांसदको संख्या र निर्वाचन प्रक्रिया राजनीतिक सहमतिका आधारमा निर्धारण हुनेछ ।

-३) संसद्को विघटन संविधानसभाका लागि निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधिको पहिलो बैठक सुरु भएपछि हुनेछ । जुन सभाले संविधानसभाको अतिरिक्त संसद्को काम पनि गर्नेछ ।

-ग) न्यायपालिका

-१) न्यायपालिकासम्बन्धी अधिकारको प्रयोग कानुन तथा न्यायका मान्य सिद्धान्तअनुसार अदालत तथा अन्य न्यायिक निकायबाट प्रयोग गरिनेछ ।

-२) अदालतको गठन र न्यायाधीशको नियुक्ति, सरुवा, सेवा, सर्त तथा अनुशासन बर्खास्तसम्बन्धी व्यवस्थाका हकमा विद्यमान कानुनी व्यवस्थालाई निरन्तरता दिइनेछ ।

-३) न्यायपरिषद्को हालको व्यवस्थामा देहायबमोजिम परिवर्तन गरिनेछ । न्यायपरिषद्मा देहायबमोजिम अध्यक्ष र सदस्य रहनेछन्-

-क) प्रधानन्यायाधीश- अध्यक्ष

-ख) कानुन तथा न्याय मन्त्रालय हेर्ने मन्त्री- सदस्य र

-ग) प्रधानन्यायाधीशपछिको सर्वोच्च अदालतका वरिष्ठ न्यायाधीश- सदस्य ।

-४) प्रधानन्यायाधीशको नियुक्ति मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ ।

-५) न्याय सेवा आयोगको काम, कर्तव्य र अधिकार विद्यमान कानुनी व्यवस्थाबमोजिम हुनेछ । न्याय सेवा आयोगमा देहायबमोजिमको अध्यक्ष र सदस्य रहने गरी परिवर्तन गरिनेछ ।

-क) प्रधानन्यायाधीश- अध्यक्ष

-ख) कानुन तथा न्याय मन्त्रालय हेर्ने मन्त्री- सदस्य, र

-ग) महान्यायाधिवक्ता- सदस्य

-३) अन्य संवैधानिक संरचना

-१) राजपरिषद्, संवैधानिक परिषद्बाहेक अन्य विद्यमान संवैधानिक संरचना कायम रहनेछन् । संवैधानिक परिषद्द्वारा गरिने नियुक्ति मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ ।

४. सेना

-क) नेपाली सेनाको संगठन समावेशी र राष्ट्रिय स्वरूपको हुनेछ ।

-ख) नेपाली सेनाको नियन्त्रण, प्रयोग र परिचालन गर्न प्रधानमन्त्रीको अध्यक्ष्ातामा एक राष्ट्रिय सुरक्षा परिषद् रहनेछ ।

-ग) नेपाली सेनाको प्रधान सेनापतिको नियुक्ति मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ ।

-घ) सेना परिचालनसम्बन्धी मन्त्रिपरिषद्को निर्णय तीस दिनभित्र संसद्ले तोकेको व्यवस्थाबमोजिम अनुमोदन हुनुपर्नेछ ।

५. निर्वाचन पद्धति

-१) संविधानसभाको प्रयोजनका लागि हाल प्रचलित प्रमथ हुनेले विजयी हुने आधारमा प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचन र अग्रीम सूचीकृत समानुपातिक प्रणालीसहितको मिश्रति निर्वाचन पद्धतिका आधारमा निर्वाचन गरिनेछ ।

-२) प्रत्यक्ष निर्वाचन र समानुपातिकको अनुपात छुट्याउँदा बराबरको संख्यामा निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधि छुट्याइनेछ ।

-३) निर्वाचन क्ष्ाेत्र र निर्वाचित सदस्यको संख्या निर्धारण तोकिएबमोजिम हुनेछ ।

-४) प्रत्यक्षरूपमा निर्वाचित प्रतिनिधिका अतिरिक्त निर्वाचनमा भाग लिएका राजनीतिक दलहरूले प्राप्त गरेको मत प्रतिशतका आधारमा महिला, दलित, आदिवासी-जनजाति, मधेसी समुदायको जनसंख्याको अनुपातमा प्रतिनिधित्व हुनेछ । पिछडिएको भूभाग, पेसाकर्मी, अपांग, अल्पसंख्यक, नागरिक समाजका सदस्यको समेत प्रतिनिधित्व गराइनेछ ।

-५) संविधासनभाको निर्वाचन यो संविधान जारी भएपछि बनेको अन्तरिम सरकारले कार्यभार सम्हालेका मितिले एक वर्षभित्र सम्पन्न गराइनेछ ।

६. राजा

राजाका सम्बन्धमा संविधानसभाले निर्णय गरेबमोजिम हुनेछ । हालका लागि प्रतिनिधिसभा घोषणा, २०६३ र तदनुरूप भएको व्यवस्थाअनुसार हुनेछ ।

७. नागरिकता

सुलभ ढंगले नागरिकता दिलाउने प्रबन्ध मिलाइनेछ ।

२०४७ सालका कात्तिक २३ गतेलाई स्थायी नागरिकता पाउने आधार मिति कायम गरिनेछ । निम्न आधारमा नागरिकता प्रदान गरिनेछ-

-क) मिति २०४७/७/२३ अघि जन्मिएको वा नेपालमा स्थायी बसोबास गरेका व्यक्ति, -स्पष्टीकरण- बसोबास गरेको भन्नाले व्यक्तिसँग रहेको तत्सम्बन्धी कुनै प्रमाण वा स्थानीय तहमा भएको सरजमिनलाई जनाउँछ ।)

-ख) वंशजका नाताको व्यक्ति -यसमा बाबु या आमा जो भए पनि नेपाली भए पर्याप्त हुनेछ ।)

-ग) अंगिकृत रूपले नागरिकता प्राप्त व्यक्ति र तिनका नेपालका स्थायी बसोबास गरेका सन्तान ।

-घ) गैरआवासीय नेपालीले नेपाली नागरिकता लिन चाहेमा नागरिकता दिइनेछ । तर यस्ता व्यक्तिका हकमा कानुनले निर्धारित गरेका सर्त पालना गरेको हुनुपर्नेछ ।

८. राजनीतिक दलसम्बन्धी व्यवस्था

राजनीतिक दलसम्बन्धी विशेष व्यवस्था देहायबमोजिम गरिनेछ-

-क) समान राजनीतिक उद्देश्य र कार्यक्रममा प्रतिबद्ध व्यक्तिले शान्तिपूर्ण रूपमा संविधानको अन्य व्यवस्थाका अधीनमा रही आफ्नो इच्छाअनुसार राजनीतिक दल खोल्न, सञ्चालन गर्न, जनसाधारणको समर्थन र सहयोग प्राप्त गर्नका लागि त्यसको प्रचार-प्रसार गर्न, गराउन र त्यस्ता अन्य कार्य गर्न गराउन सक्नेछन् । त्यस्ता कुनै कार्यमा कुनै प्रतिबन्ध लगाउने गरी भएको व्यवस्था वा निर्णय संविधान प्रतिकूल हुने र अमान्य हुनेछ ।

-ख) कुनै एउटै राजनीतिक संगठन वा दल वा एकै किसिमको विचारधारा भएका व्यक्तिले मात्र निर्वाचन वा देशको राजनीतिक प्रणालीमा भाग लिन वा सम्मिलित हुन पाउने गरी जारी भएको कानुन वा गरिएको कुनै व्यवस्था वा निर्णय संविधान प्रतिकूल र अमान्य हुनेछ ।

-ग) बहुलवादी चरित्रमा आस्था प्रकट नगर्ने राजनीतिक दल वा धर्म, सम्प्रदाय, जात, जाति वा हिंसाको आधारमा गठित राजनीतिक संगठन वा दललाई निर्वाचन आयोगले दलका रूपमा मान्यता दिनेछैन ।

-घ) राजनीतिक दलले निर्वाचनका लागि मान्यता प्राप्त गर्न निर्वाचन आयोगले तोकेको कार्यविधिअनुसार आयोगमा दल दर्ता गराउँदा देहायको सर्त पूरा गरेको हुनुपर्छ ।

-१) दलको विधान र नियम लोकतान्त्रिक हुनुपर्छ । दलको आर्थिक कारोबार र प्रबन्ध पारदर्शी र कानुनसम्मत हुनुपर्छ ।

-२) त्यस दलको विधानबमोजिम कम्तीमा पाँच वर्षभित्र एकपटक दलका पदाधिकारीको निवर्ाचन हुने व्यवस्था भएको हुनुपर्छ ।

९. संकटकालीन अधिकार

संकटकालीन अधिकारको घोषणा मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ र ३ महिनाभित्र संसद्ले त्यसको अनुमोदन गर्नेछ ।

१०. सुरक्षासम्बन्धी विशेष व्यवस्था

-१) संविधानसभाको निर्वाचनमा नेपाली सेनाको निष्पक्षता प्रत्याभूति गरिनेछ ।

-२) यो संविधान जारी हुनुभन्दा अगाडि वा पछाडि कुनै पनि राजनीतिक दल वा संगठनसँग प्रत्यक्ष वा अप्रत्यक्षरूपमा सम्बद्ध सैन्य शक्ति र हातहतियार अस्तित्वमा रहने छैनन् ।

-३) भयरहित र निष्पक्ष निर्वाचन सम्पन्न गर्न सुरक्ष्ाासम्बन्धी विशेष व्यवस्था मिलाइनेछ ।

११. नेपाल राज्य

नेपाल एक बहुजातीय, बहुभाषिक, लोकतान्त्रिक, स्वतन्त्र, अविभाज्य, सार्वभौमसत्ता सम्पन्न राज्य हो ।

१२. धर्म

-१) कुनै पनि धर्मप्रति भेदभाव नगर्ने नेपाल एक धर्म निरपेक्ष राज्य हुनेछ ।

-२) धर्मका सम्बन्धमा प्रत्येक नेपालीले आ-आफ्ना आस्था र विश्वास अनुरूप धार्मिक स्वतन्त्रता उपभोग गर्ने, धार्मिक सहिष्णुता प्रवर्द्धन गर्ने, कसैलाई पनि निजका इच्छाविरुद्ध धर्म परिवर्तन गर्न नपाउने व्यवस्था गर्ने गरी कानुनी प्रबन्ध मिलाइनेछ ।

१३. राष्ट्रिय गान

नेपाली जनताको शक्तिलाई भावनात्मकरूपमा एकीकृत गरी राष्ट्रियताको संवर्द्धन र मुलुकलाई राष्ट्रिय लक्ष्यतर्फ केन्दि्रत गर्दै राष्ट्रको भावना, संस्कृति र विविधतापूर्ण परम्परा सबैलाई समेटेर नेपाली जनताको स्वाभिमान, एकता र देशप्रेमको भावनालाई मुखरित गर्ने गरी राष्ट्रिय गानको पुनर्संरचना गरिनु आवश्यक छ ।

१४. भाषा

-१) नेपाली भाषा नेपालको राष्ट्र भाषा हो र यो सरकारी कामकाजको भाषा रहनेछ ।

-२) नेपालका विभिन्न भागमा बोलिने राष्ट्रिय भाषाको संरक्षण र प्रवर्द्धन गर्नु राज्यको दायित्व हुनेछ ।

-३) विद्यालय तहसम्म मातृभाषामा शिक्षा प्रदान गर्ने नीति राज्यले अवलम्बन गर्नेछ ।

-४) नेपाली भाषाका अतिरिक्त क्षेत्रीय र स्थानीय तहमा बोलिने राष्ट्रिय भाषासमेत क्षेत्रीय र स्थानीय सरकारी कामकाज र सम्पर्क भाषा हुन सक्नेछन् ।

१५. राज्यको निर्देशक सिद्धान्त

-क) उत्पीडित वर्ग ः आर्थिक र सामाजिक रूपले नितान्त पछि परेका महिला, दलित, मधेसी, दुर्गमवासी, आदिवासी, जनजाति एवं विभिन्न जातजाति, अपांग अल्पसंख्यक समुदाय र विपन्न वर्गलाई राज्यले प्रत्येक अवसरमा समानुपातिक रूपले विशेष व्यवस्था गरेर उत्थान गर्ने नीति अवलम्बन गर्नेछ ।

-ख) महिला प्रतिनिधित्व ः राज्य र पार्टीका विभिन्न तहमा ३३ प्रतिशतसम्म महिलालाई स्थान दिइने नीति अंगिकार गरिनेछ ।

-ग) टे्रड युनियन ः श्रमजीवी जनताको हकअधिकारको सुरक्ष्ााका लागि ट्रेड युनियनअधिकार सुनिश्चित गरिनेछ ।

-घ) द्वन्द्व पीडित ः जनआन्दोलन तथा सशस्त्र द्वन्द्वको क्रममा मृत्यु भएका वा हत्या गरिएका व्यक्तिका परिवार र द्वन्द्वमा परी विभिन्न रूपले अंगभंग तथा आहत र विस्थापित हुन पुगेका पीडित व्यक्तिलाई राहत प्रदान गर्न जीवनयापनको प्रबन्ध तथा विभिन्न सहुलित र अवसर प्रदान गरी संक्रमणकालीन न्यायको व्यवस्था गरिनेछ ।

१६. अन्तरिम संविधान पारित गर्ने निकाय

-१) मन्त्रिपरिषद्मार्फत अन्तरिम संविधानको मस्यौदा प्रतिनिधिसभामा पेस गरी दुई तिहाई बहुमतबाट पारित गरी जारी गरिनेछ ।

-२) अन्तरिम संविधानमा संशोधन गर्नुपरेमा संसद्को दुई तिहाई बहुमतबाट संशोधन गरिनेछ ।

१७. बाधा अडकाउ फुकाउने अधिकार

यो अधिकारको प्रयोग मन्त्रिपरिषद्ले गर्नेछ । त्यस बाधा अडकाउ फुकाएको प्रस्ताव ३० दिनभित्र संसद्द्वारा अनुमोदन गराइनेछ ।

विशेष सुझाव

राज्यको पुनर्संरचना राज्यको केन्द्रीकृत ढाँचा परिवर्तन गरी र थप समावेशी राज्यको निर्माण संविधानसभाले निर्धारण गरेबमोजिम हुनेछ । पुनर्संरचनाको आधार भूबनोट, जनसंख्या, भाषा, आर्थिक अन्तरसम्बन्ध र सांस्कृतिक, सामुदायिक पहिचान आदिलाई मुख्यरूपले बनाउनुपर्नेछ । यसका लागि आवश्यक तयारीनिम्ति अन्तरिम संविधानमा विज्ञहरूको राष्ट्रिय आयोगको व्यवस्था गरिनेछ ।

-नेपाली कांग्रेसद्वारा बुधबार अन्तरिम संविधान मस्यौदा समितिसमक्ष प्रस्तुत सुझाव)



In The News

Giri suggests NC (D) to opt for republican set up NepalNews Giri said that Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala's demand for a ceremonial king is against the aspirations of the people expressed during the popular movement of the country. "It is not the arms that made the Maoists powerful, but their courage and the capacity to grasp the people's sentiments." He suggested to go for a referendum on whether to keep a corrected monarchy or establish a republic before the election of the constituent assembly.
Loktantrik Madheshi Samaj warns of strike for rights of Madhesi The Loktantrik Madheshi Samaj on Wednesday staged a demonstration in Janakpur and vowed to launch a unified struggle for Madhesi rights. The demonstrators carried placards and banners with slogans demanding solution of citizenship issue, right to self-governance and self-decision among others and marched around the market. They also expressed solidarity with those who are continuing sit-in protests in front of the district administration office, Dhanusha, demanding rights of the Madhesi. Addressing the gathering held after protest rally, Dr Bijaya Kumar Singh, vice-chairman of the society, vowed to fight for the rights of citizenship, their identity and equal cultural status in the country. He had proposed a 14-point solution for solving the Madhesi's plight. Chairman of the society, Ganga Prasad Saha, and member Brishesh Chandra Lal had stressed the need to come up with a common idea regarding its solution and continue joint movement until they attain success.
JTMM demands one million rupees for release of two engineers: Report Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha (JTMM) has demanded one million rupees for the release of two engineers of Nepal Telecom (NT), Saptari, they had abducted on Tuesday. ..... engineers Prashant Babu Tiwari and Gyanesh Dangal, line man Prem Mandal and driver Rudra Pandey from the Kunauli area in Saptari...... The JTMM has demanded Rs 300,000 from each family for the release of Bhim Chandrabanshi, Laxman Chandrabanshi and Baiju Yadav
Defense Ministry asks army to make friendly relations with people

New York City Honors a Son of Nepal Columbia University

Beware Of Peddlers Of Madhesi Rights: Prachanda Kantipur Publications he claimed that none of them have better agendas than his own party on the matter. "Which party has the agendas of right to self-determination, ethnic self-rule and proportional representation?" ...... Expressing sadness over the fact that Madhesis are living like second class citizens in the country despite being an indigenous group, he said, "Our party started the campaign of liberating Madhesis and making them masters of the state right from the first year of the people's war."
UN suggests govt, Maoists to engage in confidence-building measuresthe government and the Maoists failed to reach a common agreement regarding arms management issues before the mission left for New York. ...... Arms and armies management; electoral assistance; assistance in the monitoring of code of conduct; and expansion of human rights activities in Nepal ......
Army not mobilized to suppress democratic movement: CoAS Thapa "It is sad that people lost their lives but 900 lives were lost on our side (army) too." .... Thapa had reached the commission's office at 11:25 am for the interrogation which lasted till 3:45 p.m. ... Thapa faces accusations of aiding the king in his autocratic rule by distorting the reports received from different security bodies.
Maoists thrash Janaandolan victimsThe Maoists in Banepa beat up Rusab KC and Vikram Kapali last Monday evening. Kapali had recently undergone surgery to heal his bullet injuries sustained during the Janaandolan II. ..... The group collecting money had asked for a rubber band with a man, thinking that he was a waiter with a hotel, to tie paper money collected in the area. However, the man took it otherwise and returned with a group of 20 persons after some time and suddenly started thrashing them. "Only then did we know that the man was a Maoist," Kapali said. ...... The Maoists have also obstructed some developmental works in the district demanding 5 percent of the construction budget as "tax" for them. ...... Maoists would continue collecting the "tax" until the government makes arrangements for expenses of the "People's Liberation Army (PLA)". ..... In Gulmi, Maoists have issued "orders" to locals of Kharjyang VDC to make arrangements of food for their fighters and cadres. According to the diktat, one VDC should take care of the "army" for at least three days. According to a CPN-UML activist, the Maoists had issued the order four days ago for the arrangement of food for some 700 PLA personnel and 300 other cadres. ...... The Maoists in the villages claimed that they issued such mandatory orders with a view to mount pressure upon the government to make such arrangements.
Maoists vandalize, padlock noodles factory in BanepaThe factory, running for five years now, has been producing 10 different brands of noodles.
UN team visits NA, PLA basesthe Midwestern Divisional Headquarters of the Nepal Army in Surkhet and a temporary camp of the Maoist People's Liberation Army (PLA) in Salyan
Prachanda meets Koirala; Sitaula says common understanding near Mahara revealed that the government and the Maoists had not even reached the "minimum level of understanding" for arms management. ......
संविधानसभापछि मात्रै हतियार छाड्छौं’
संसद् विघटन संविधानसभापछि’
मधेसी समस्या समाधान निम्ति प्रदर्शन
जनआन्दोलनका घाइतेमाथि माओवादीद्वारा कुटपिट
राजमार्गमा रात्रि प्रहरी
गाउँलेलाई माओवादी सेना पाल्न उर्दी
जनअदालत अझै सक्रिय
त्रिवि नेतृत्वविहीन
माओवादीको ँसांस्कृतिक अपराध’
पुरुष पार्लर खोल्दा
नेपाली कांग्रेसको संविधान मस्यौदा
प्यारजंगको प्रशंसनीय पराक्रम

मधेसी समस्या समाधान निम्ति प्रदर्शन

रवीन्द्र उप्रेती

जनकपुर, साउन १७ - मधेसी समस्या समाधानका लागि एकीकृत संघर्षको अवधारणासहित नवगठित लोकतान्त्रिक मधेसी समाजले बुधबार जनकपुरमा बृहत् प्रदर्शन गरेको छ ।

जनक मन्दिर परिसरबाट तुल र प्लेकार्डसहित निस्केको जुलुसले संविधानसभाअघि नागरिकता समस्या समाधान, स्वशासन, आत्मनिर्णयको अधिकार र महिला आरक्षणको माग गरेको थियो ।

नगरपरिक्रमा क्रममा प्रमुख चोकहरूमा एकत्रित जनसमुदायले ताली पिटेर जुलुसका नाराप्रति समर्थन जनाएका थिए । जुलुसले जिल्ला प्रशासन कार्यालयमा नागरिकता अधिकार सरोकार समितिले नागरिकता समस्या समाधानको माग राख्दै दिएको धर्नामा समर्थन जनायो ।

नगरपरिक्रमापछि जनक मन्दिरमै आई जुलुस सभामा परिणत भएको थियो । सभालाई सम्बोधन गर्दै समाजका सदस्य वृषेशचन्द्र लालले एकीकृत संघर्षका माध्यमले समान अवसर र आत्मनिर्णयको अधिकार लिएरै छाड्ने दृढता जनाए । उनले यसका लागि पारस्परिक एकता अपरिहार्य भएको बताए । समाजका अध्यक्ष्ा गंगाप्रसाद साहको सभापतित्वमा आयोजित सभामा उपाध्यक्ष्ा डा. विजयकुमार सिंहले लोकतान्त्रिक मधेसी समाजको अवधारणापत्र प्रस्तुत गरेका थिए । आठ पृष्ठ लामो अवधारणापत्रमा ४० लाख मधेसीको राज्यविहीन अवस्था अन्त्यका लागि नागरिकता समस्याको न्यायोचित समाधान, जातीय एवं समान सांस्कृतिक पहिचानको आधारमा संविधानसभाका लागि निर्वाचन क्ष्ाेत्र कायम, समानुपातिक प्रतिनिधित्वका आधारमा अन्तरिम सरकार गठनजस्ता साझा सहमतिका १४ बुँदा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।

अवधारणापत्रमा आफ्ना हकहित एवं आत्मनिर्णयको अधिकारका लागि मधेसीहरूमा चेतना अभिवृद्धि एवं संघर्षशीलताको प्रतिबद्धता जनाउँदै मधेसी समस्या समाधनमा बैलैमा ध्यान नदिए भविष्यमा क्रान्तिमा होमिन बाध्य हुने उल्लेख छ ।

अवधारणापत्र प्रस्तुतिका क्रममा डा. सिंहले मधेसका समस्याको सही पहिचान र समाधानका लागि सामूहिक चिन्तन परम्परा विकास गर्न सबै राजनीतिकर्मीलाई एक हुन आग्रह गरे । यसअघि बिहान नागरिकताको माग गर्दै धनुषाको ढल्केबरमा राजमार्ग अवरुद्ध पारिएको थियो । हजारौं स्थानीयवासीले राजमार्गमै बसेर धर्ना दिएका थिए ।

at No comments:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)