Showing posts with label United States. Show all posts
Showing posts with label United States. Show all posts

Monday, November 14, 2022

14: China

अनिल झा मेरै प्रस्तावमा धनुषा आउनुभएको हो : निधि
अनिल भर्सेस जुलीमा विमलेन्द्र फ्याक्टर !
मेरा लागि विमलेन्द्रजी रातदिन खटिरहनुभएको छ : अनिल झा
मेरा प्रतिस्पर्धी छैनन्, मै चुनाव जित्छु : जुली महतो

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Thursday, November 10, 2022

10: US

Wesley Hunt
Donald Trump Was the Midterm’s Biggest Loser
Russia’s Retreat From Kherson Brings Ukraine One Step Closer to Victory Ukraine has a very clear understanding of what victory will entail....... Ukraine’s victory will require defeating the Russian Army on Ukrainian territory, including in Crimea. Ukraine’s recent advances prove that this is not a distant dream anymore. Russia struggles to control the 800-mile front line that stretches from the Black Sea coast to the northeastern mining cities of Luhansk Oblast. In September, better-trained, well-equipped and highly motivated Ukrainian troops regained the strategic initiative........ To prevail, Kyiv has fought smart, causing the front line to crumble by attacking deep behind enemy lines. U.S.-supplied HIMARS rocket launchers have enabled this strategy. ........ Ukrainian victory without reclamation of Crimea is no Ukrainian victory. ....... For the war to end, a power transfer must happen in the Kremlin. ........ Losing a war is lethal to any dictator.

After Near Wipeout in Election, Israeli Left Wonders: What Now? Support for Israel’s left collapsed against Benjamin Netanyahu and his far-right alliance in last week’s election. To regain relevance, the left’s leaders say they need to change — but disagree on how. ....... Israel’s Jewish-led left-leaning parties, long the standard-bearers for negotiations with the Palestinians, suffered a near wipeout in the elections, accelerating a long-term decline that has kept them from the prime minister’s office for more than two decades. ........ The Labor Party, which once dominated Israeli politics with its brand of social democracy and secularism, barely scraped into Parliament, winning just four seats. Meretz, a champion of the peace movement, dropped out of Parliament entirely. Yesh Atid, the centrist party led by the departing prime minister, Yair Lapid, who forged a coalition with leftists to form the last government, scooped up several new seats. But Mr. Lapid’s wider alliance was defeated because of the broader collapse of parties on the left. ........ Veterans of both Meretz and Labor have called for the two groups to merge into a single party with a clear goal and message, welcoming not only Jews but also large numbers of Arabs. Israel’s Arab minority forms about a fifth of the country’s nine million citizens, but they typically vote for Arab-led parties. ........ Arab politicians typically want to downplay Israel’s Jewish character, while the Zionist left, by definition, seeks to maintain it. Even in the aftermath of last week’s game-changing election, few are ready to compromise.

What Republicans Are Saying About Tuesday Night The midterms’ results showed the limits of “Team Crazy,” in the words of Representative Peter Meijer — one of many harsh judgments coursing through a demoralized Republican Party.

Path to 218: Tracking the Remaining House Races
Poor Countries Need Climate Funding. These Plans Could Unlock Trillions. As global warming delivers cascading weather disasters, leaders at U.N. climate talks say it’s time to radically overhaul the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. ......... The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund were created 80 years ago to rebuild countries devastated by World War II and to stabilize the global economy. But an expanding group of world leaders now say the two powerful institutions need a 21st century overhaul to handle a new destructive force: global warming........ If implemented, the reforms being considered would make significantly more money available to developing nations to mitigate the effects of climate change, deploy those funds faster, offer struggling countries lower interest rates and allow them to pause debt payments after major disasters. Supporters say the changes would also enable the institutions to attract trillions of dollars in private capital to help nations prepare for climate disasters and transition to wind, solar and other clean energy. ........ Bridgetown Initiative, put forward this summer by Mia Mottley, the prime minister of Barbados, a heavily indebted Caribbean nation that is highly vulnerable to climate disasters. Ms. Mottley began her campaign at last year’s climate summit in Glasgow by calling attention to the plight of poor and small island nations. ........ the bank’s “current model” was “no longer appropriate in this time of global crises.” ........ more than $1 trillion in new funding ....... reform of the bank and the fund is being seen as the most immediate and practical way to help the developing world face the severe threats posed by increasing floods, fires, heat and drought. ..........

“It’s not right that some countries can borrow at 3 percent and others at 14, 15.”



A Compromise on Immigration Is Possible. This Bill Could Make It Happen. immigration imposes significant short-term costs on local governments but that the children of immigrants “are among the strongest economic and fiscal contributors in the U.S. population.” Immigration, in other words, is an investment in America’s future, but someone still needs to cover the upfront costs. ..... Winning broader support will require more compromise and courage. But regardless of the results of the midterm elections, Congress has a real opportunity to begin the critical work of fixing the nation’s immigration system by overhauling the asylum process.



Amazon has lost a record $1T in value
Bitcoin sinks on FTX collapse


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Monday, October 24, 2022

24: US Mid-Terms

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Sunday, February 27, 2022

Facebook: February 27

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MCC: Last Minute Pass

बालुवाटार बैठकको निष्कर्ष : काँग्रेस-एमाले मिलौँ, देशलाई निकास दिऔँ काँग्रेसले अब वर्तमान गठबन्धनलाई नबोक्ने, नयाँ गठबन्धन बनाउने
सत्ता गठबन्धन अघि जाँदैन, धरापमा परिसक्यो : गगन थापा
नेपालबाट ७०० मेगावाट बिजुली किन्न भारत तयार, ४०० केभी प्रसारणलाइन बनाउन कम्पनी खोलिने
. पार्टीभित्रै उपेन्द्र यादव अल्पमतमा !

प्रचण्डको एकलौटी निर्णयले माओवादी केन्द्र फुट्दै, यी पाँच सिनियर नेताले आजै गर्दैछन् पार्टी परित्याग !


एमसीसी सम्झौता संसदबाट पारित प्रनिनिधि सभाबाट एमसीसी सम्झौता पारित भएको छ । सम्झौतालाई सभामुख अग्निप्रसाद सापकोटाले ध्वनी मतका साथ पास भएको घोषणा गरेका हुन् । यसका साथै व्याख्यात्मक प्रस्ताव अनुमोदन भएको उनले घोषणा गरे । आइतबारको प्रतिनिधि सभाको दोस्रो बैठकमा व्याख्यात्मक घोषणामाथिको छलफल सकिएसँगै एमसीसी पारित भएको हो ।

एमसीसीका पक्षमा मतदान गर्ने निर्णय गरेका प्रचण्ड र माधव अवसरवादी भन्दै एमालेले खोल्यो मुख, दियो नेताकार्यकर्ताहरुलाई उत्साहित बनाइदिने अभिव्यक्ती !
लाल बने तमलोपाको अध्यक्ष



एमसीसीविरुद्ध हतियारसहित प्रदर्शनमा उत्रिए आन्दोलनकारी (तस्बिरमा)



MCC Controversy: The Anthropology Angle
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Monday, February 14, 2022

News: February 14

साना २८ पार्टीले राष्ट्रिय मानव अधिकार आयोगमा बुझाए ज्ञापन पत्र (पूर्णपाठ)
सर्वदलीय बैठकः संसद खुलाउन पहल गर्ने सहमति
अब एमसीसी संसदमा टेबुल हुन्छ : रामचन्द्र पौडेल
महाभियोग फिर्ता नलिए देशभर आन्दोलन गर्ने चेतावनी
किसानको समस्या दीर्घकालीनरुपमा समाधान गर्ने रोडम्याप हामीसँग छ : ई.दीपक साह (भिडियोसहित)

They Took a Chance on Collaborative Living. They Lost Everything. A group that sought to create Connecticut’s first experiment in collaborative living fell short. Some of the investors lost their life savings. ........ “a structure where I didn’t have to be outgoing and could still get the benefit of getting to know people” ........ After more than a decade of planning, the project, called Rocky Corner, finally broke ground in 2018 on a 33-acre plot in Bethany, a suburb of New Haven. ......... But instead, the entire project went into foreclosure. And Ms. Ruffle’s dream — and finances — was dashed. “That money is now gone and there’s no way for us to retrieve it,” she said. “We lost about $170,000. And we both have very low incomes. Ever since, we’ve been living in not good circumstances at all.” .......... the increasing complexity of the project proved more than the group could afford or manage. ........ There are about 170 established co-housing communities in the United States, according to the Cohousing Association. There are about 30 co-housing communities in California and five in New York State. In a co-housing model, residents own their own homes, but share common spaces — a structure aimed at fostering connection and community through collaborative living. ....... At Rocky Corner, members managed the project and their community affairs using a process called sociocracy, which organizes people into various circles to make decisions consensually. ......... She blamed the debt pileup on a series of unanticipated costs and bureaucratic delays that dragged out the timeline. For example, she said, just getting the project approved by the town’s planning and zoning commission took two years, partly because it was an unfamiliar concept and drew some local opposition. Then, after they broke ground, they unexpectedly ran into a lot of ledge — an underground mass of rock — that had to be removed. ........ the lessons to be gleaned from Rocky Corner are to “control your costs and your timing, and get your home buyers lined up ahead of time or during the early stages of construction.” .



Mr. President, It’s Time for a Little Humility . recognize that we are still in the grips of a national trauma ........ Unsurprisingly, incidents of suicide, drug overdose deaths and violence in our homes and on the streets have grown dramatically. ........ those wage increases have been eaten up by inflation, the likes of which we have not seen in four decades. And all the while, the rich have gotten richer. ..........

The state of the union is stressed.

.......... the grinding concerns that have soured the mood of the country. ........ the heroic, unsung sacrifices so many have made to see their families and communities through. .

The Uneasy Alliance Between Frederick Douglass and White Abolitionists . On Aug. 6, 1845, Frederick Douglass set sail on a speaking tour of England and Ireland to promote the cause of antislavery. He had just published “The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,” an instant best seller that, along with his powerful oratory, had made him a celebrity in the growing abolition movement. No sooner had he arrived in Britain, however, than Douglass began to realize that white abolitionists in Boston had been working to undermine him: Before he’d even left American shores, they had privately written his British hosts and impugned his motives and character........ “the casual racism of the privileged class” within Garrison’s abolitionist circle. ....... the ambitious and self-possessed Douglass. ....... Behind Douglass’s back, Chapman depicted him as untrustworthy, arrogant, selfish and in need of white supervision. ............ she warned her British friends that Douglass had “the wisdom of a serpent” ........ Chapman’s correspondents in England wrote her back in similarly disparaging terms, describing Douglass as “injudicious and jealous.” ............ The self-righteous Chapman proceeded to quickly inform her many friends that Douglass was oversensitive, “selfish” and quick to take offense. ..........

Racial prejudice ... permeated abolitionism.

......... Eager to manipulate him into becoming an unquestioning spokesman for nonpolitical abolitionism, they repeatedly reprimanded Douglass. Unmoved, and unwilling to limit the scope of his activities, Douglass responded, “I may do anything toward exposing the bloody system of slavery.” .......... was slavery itself sanctioned by the Constitution? Garrison had long maintained that it was, and therefore that abolition would never be achieved through law or politics. ....... Douglass, Smith and a small circle of abolitionist lawyers insisted that the Constitution did not sanction slavery, that natural law and the Constitution itself assured liberty, and that political action through the Constitution would be necessary to destroy slavery and secure freedom. .............. the personal was political. The alliance between Garrison and Douglass lasted long enough to power the fractious movement through its first decade, but broke because the Garrisonians had “actually never accepted the full humanity of Frederick Douglass.” .



The Conservative Case for Avoiding a Repeat of Jan. 6 . If these festering divisions cost the Republicans in the midterm elections and jeopardize their chances of reclaiming the presidency in 2024, which they well could, the believers and disbelievers alike will suffer. .

Can Democrats See What’s Coming?
There Will Be No Post-Covid . I believe that I experienced the pandemic like many others: stunned and isolated, shocked by the sudden withdrawal of social life and social customs. ...... the United States could have avoided 40 percent of deaths if its death rate reflected that of other Group of 7 nations: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United Kingdom. ........... I took joy in cooking. I learned to make bread. ...... I bought more plants. ...... Covid would most likely move from pandemic to endemic. ......... “If you look at the history of infectious diseases, we’ve only eradicated one infectious disease in man, and that’s smallpox. That’s not going to happen with this virus.” ........

The number of lives taken by Covid in this country alone — north of 900,000 — is almost unfathomable.

........... Covid has made us reconsider everything, the meaning of home and work, the value of public space, the magnitude and immediacy of death, what it truly means to be a member of a society. .

The End of the Pandemic May Tear Us Apart . For countries with high vaccination rates, 2022 may be the last year when strong measures are required against Covid-19. The end of the pandemic, however, will not come easily. ........

A waning pandemic does not mean the end of leadership on Covid, but may instead mean it’s more necessary than ever.

.......... we need to make complex trade-offs between deaths, the economy, public well-being and constitutional rights. ........ public trust has taken a hit in many countries, including Denmark. As fatigue, personal costs and miscommunications have accumulated, the public has become wary. ......... The key ingredients of an effective pandemic response — communication, trust and a shared sense of threat — are slowly dwindling. This can lead to social strife and will make it harder for leaders to steer their populations out of the crisis. .............

Republicans tend to overrate the risks of getting vaccinated, and Democrats tend to overrate the risks from the disease.

.

American Dysfunction Is the Biggest Barrier to Fighting Covid . One important step would be to implement and broaden vaccine mandates. There’s plenty of precedent for mandating vaccines in health care, the military and schools, so it wouldn’t be some novel step to do so for one of the safest vaccines we’ve ever had. .......... Some large employers already mandate flu vaccines. Kentucky legally requires everyone working at a long-term care facility to be vaccinated against the flu and pneumococcal disease, unless they have a medical or religious exemption. Mandates for Covid vaccines, too, should be issued, especially for people who work with high risk or vulnerable populations — children, the elderly, the incarcerated and those in medical settings — and possibly for employees in workplaces where large numbers of people congregate indoors. ........ A staggering 40 percent of workers at nursing homes and other long-term care facilities remain unvaccinated. ........ Some might feel less concern for the unvaccinated, viewing them as hard-core anti-vaxxers or eager consumers of extremist propaganda on social media or Fox News. It’s true that attitudes toward vaccination have become affected by our political polarization. At a major conservative event recently, a mention of low vaccination rates was met with cheers. As horrifying as this was, we still have to try to reach this population. .......... Black and Hispanic people are still less likely to be vaccinated, despite having suffered disproportionately throughout the pandemic. This is probably due to lack of access, especially early on .......... historic distrust of the medical system, in which, studies show, they continue to face discrimination. ........ good ventilation is essential for lowering the risk of airborne transmission ........... The federal government allocated more than $120 billion for K-12 schools in the latest relief package for improving ventilation and other mitigations, but rules for using these funds are flexible, and local implementation remains haphazard. .

Paranoia About #MeToo Overreach at Harvard . Maybe they thought they were standing up against woke illiberalism. What they were really doing was closing ranks. .

I’ve Never Slept Better Than on a Japanese Futon . It was cool in the sticky summer heat and cozy in the damp winter chill. My back felt great. ....... Unlike a bed, a futon isn’t a piece of furniture, dominating the bedroom. A futon serves its purpose when needed, at night, but then it disappears into a closet with ease. My kids could use their entire bedroom floor space for play during the day or pull their futon into our bedroom when they got sick. ........ they’re very easy to clean. People in Japan routinely air their futons and other bedding, often by hoisting them out of windows or over balcony railings. .......... gather the futons, comforters, and pillows, and hang them all over our balcony for a few hours of sunshine and fresh air. ........ In Japan, you can even send your futon to the laundromat for a deep clean. Suddenly the idea of sleeping for years and years on a mattress that I could never wash seemed kind of gross. .

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Sunday, February 13, 2022

MCC पनि, BRI पनि

एमसीसी अनुदान सहयोग हो। त्यस लाई इंडो पैसिफिक स्ट्रेटेजी अन्तर्गत को किन भनियो होला भन्दा नेपाल लाई सित्तै मा पैसा दिनु छ। पैसा आउने अमेरिकी करदाता बाट। अनि केही न केही त भन्नुपर्यो। नेपाल लाई अनुदान सहयोग दिए हामी आफै बलियो हुने हो भनेर भनेको होला। समस्या यो होइन कि अमेरिकी सेना आउँछ। समस्या यो हो कि एमसीसी लाई मेलम्ची बनाउने ठाउँ छैन। तीन वर्ष मा सकिने काम ३० वर्ष लगाउन पाइँदैन। नेपाल का नेता कर्मचारी लाई चाहिएको छ एमसीसी होइन मेलम्ची। मेलम्ची को नाम मा काठमाण्डु मा सयकडौँ बंगला हरु बने। 

एमसीसी अहिले ५०० मिलियन डॉलर लिने, राम्रो काम गर्ने, अर्को बिलियन डॉलर माँगने। त्यस पछि दुई बिलियन। 

चीन को BRI अनुदान सहयोग होइन। अनुदान राम्रो ऋण नराम्रो भन्ने पनि होइन। धमाधम पुर्वसंरचना बनाउन ऋण पनि लिन सक्नुपर्छ। तर कति ऋण हो? किन लिएको? ब्याज दर के हो? त्यो सब पुर्ण पारदर्शी हुनुपर्यो। नेपाल एमसीसी मा सहभागी हुन हुने तर बीआरआई मा सहभागी हुन नहुने भन्ने होइन। बेइजिंग बाट ल्हासा काठमाण्डु हुँदै दिल्ली लगोस चीन ले बुलेट ट्रेन। 

नेपाल सेना ले रोड पुल बनाउने होइन। नेपाल सेना ले फ़ास्ट ट्रैक बनाउँदैछ भनेको नेपाल सेना बढ़ी ठुलो भएको प्रमाण हो। सेना लाई डाउनसाइजिंग गर्नुपर्ने। ९०,००० सैनिक मध्ये २०,००० नेपाल सेना मा बस बाँकी ले कंस्ट्रक्शन कंपनी खोल। होइन भने फ़ास्ट ट्रैक लाई अर्को मेलम्ची बनाउने काम गरिएको छ। विदेशी कंपनी लाई ठेक्का दिएको भए अहिलेसम्म मा फ़ास्ट ट्रैक बनिसकेको हुने।

 





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Friday, February 11, 2022

MCC Controversy: The Anthropology Angle



MCC Controversy: The Anthropology Angle

Too many of us, me included, have been tackling the geopolitical angle of the MCC debate too hard. Maybe we should go a little easy. I myself have suggested to the self-styled China friendly politicians in Nepal who China might or might not be aware of, the way for China to beat America would be to donate $600 million, or a billion, go get it, we shall readily accept!

I have also looked at the corruption angle. Maybe the MCC Dons (nodding to you, Fatima) should count as to how many bungalows got built in Kathmandu when the Melamchi project was stretched over three decades. It should have been completed in one tenth the time. The accountability part of the MCC package has been a problem. Just drop the money and go.

By now I feel the overwhelming angle has been not geopolitical (China Vs. America, better held in the South China Sea), or ideological (Communist Vs. Capitalist ..... every single party in Nepal is officially Socialist, go figure), or bookkeeping (read: theft, aka corruption), but rather how politicians in Nepal do business. They wait until the last minute even if they might have had, in this case, years to get it done, but they will not move until right before the deadline, and then they will move in a hurry. No debate, barely a voice vote. But at the very last minute.

Why? Watch the movie Interstellar. Our lead characters jump, hop, jump time.

Maybe not physical time the way Einstein explained it but cultural time perhaps moves in Nepal at a different speed than everywhere else.

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Friday, January 28, 2022

फ्युजन को प्रयास

बर्लिन को पर्खाल ढलना साथ पुँजीवाद र साम्यवाद बीच को बहस शायद सकिएन भन्ने कुरा को ज्वलंत उदाहरण नेपाल पो हो कि? अमेरिका र भारत का लोकतंत्र एक अर्का का फोटोकॉपी छैनन। बहुदलीय लोकतंत्र को चरित्र प्रत्येक देश मा विशिष्ट छ। अमेरिका कै कुरा गर्ने हो भने म नजिक बाट नियालेको र अझै नियालिरहेको मान्छे। आफै संलग्न भएको मान्छे चाहे स्वयंसेवक भएर नै किन नहोस। अहिले आजित भएको मान्छे। अमेरिका दुई पार्टी लोकतंत्र हो। भारत जस्तो बहुदलीय लोकतंत्र होइन। त्यो दुई मध्ये एक पार्टी अहिले गोरा हरु ले मात्र मत खसाल्न पाउनुपर्छ भनेर कम्मर कसेर लागेको छ। त्यस्तो पनि हो? 

माओ को विवेचना गर्ने हो भने आलोचना पनि गर्न पाउनुपर्यो, प्रशंसा पनि गर्न पाउनुपर्यो। चीन मा माओ को आलोचना गर्न पाइँदैन। त्यो भन्दा घोर अवैज्ञानिक कुरा के हुन सक्छ? अमेरिका मा एक समय मा टेलीफोन सेवा मा एउटा कंपनी को एक क्षत्र राज थियो। त्यो कंपनी लाई सरकार ले बिभिन्न टुकड़ा मा तोड्यो। त्यो नतोड़ेको भए अमेरिका ले शायद इंटरनेट नदेख्ने। अर्थात त्यो कंपनी तोड्नु मैं देश, जनता र खुद त्यस कंपनी लाई फाइदा थियो। तर त्यो कदम त्यस कंपनी ले आफै नचालने। 

चीन मा एउटा पार्टी को मोनोपोली त्यस्तै हो जस्तो लाग्छ मलाई। सन १९९० देखि २०१० सम्म चीन ले जुन औसत १०% आर्थिक वृद्धि दर देख्यो त्यो कायम नरहनुपर्ने कुनै कारण थिएन र छैन पनि। तर त्यस का लागि जुन राजनीतिक सुधार गर्नुपर्छ त्यो गर्न एउटा कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी लाई दुई वटा बनाएर देश को प्रत्येक तहको निर्वाचन मा वास्तविक प्रतिस्प्रधा दिन सक्नुपर्छ।   

अमेरिका मा शिक्षा र स्वास्थ्य को क्षेत्र मा थुप्रै यस्ता काम छन गर्नुपर्ने जुन चीन बाट सिक्न सकिन्छ। तर वाक स्वतंत्रता, धार्मिक स्वतंत्रता त चीन लाई पनि हो चाहिएको। त्यो कस्तो कमजोर राजनीतिक प्रणाली हो जसको खुल्लमखुल्ला आलोचना गर्यो कि गरलयंगुरलुम ढलने? 

नेपाल संविधान सभा मा गएर विश्व लाई उच्चतम लोकतंत्र दिने प्रयास मा जानुपर्छ। 






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Saturday, January 08, 2022

दुनिया को नवीनतम क्रान्ति बाट दुनिया को उच्चतम लोकतन्त्र को अपेक्षा

पहिलो कुरा त संविधान ५० वर्ष मा स्वतः अवसान भएर देश आफसेआफ नया संविधान सभा मा जाने प्रावधान हुनुपर्यो। 

दोस्रो कुरा विगत शताब्दी को शीत युद्ध सकियो भन्न मिल्दैन। त्यत्रो ठुलो सिंगो चीन छ। मेरो आफ्नै अनुभव हो यदि लोकतंत्र एक व्यक्ति एक मत हो भने अमेरिका त्यहाँ पुगिसकेको छैन। बरु अमेरिका को दुई मध्ये एक पार्टी अमेरिका लाई गोरा हरु को अल्पमत शासन भएको दक्षिण अफ्रिका बनाउने प्रयासमा व्यस्त देखिन्छ। त्यो प्रयास सफल नहोला तर त्यो उच्चतम लोकतंत्र अवश्य होइन। 

भने पछि नेपाल मा लोकतंत्र यस्तो हुनुपर्यो जुन भारत, अमेरिका, बेलायत आदिमा छैन। सकेसम्म एक व्यक्ति एक मत को नजिक को लोकतंत्र। त्यो भनेको चुनाव मा मत पाएको अनुपातमा पार्टी चलाउन सरकार बाट नै पैसा पाउने, त्यो बाहेक अर्को कुनै स्रोत हुन नहुने हो कि? 

चीन मा माओ को आलोचना गर्न पाइँदैन। जुन ठाउँमा खुला दिल ले आलोचना गर्न पाइँदैन स्वाभाविक छ त्यहाँ गरिएको प्रशंसा को बारे शंका गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ। भारत मा महात्मा गांधी को इच्छा लागे जति प्रशंसा अथवा आलोचना गर्न पाइन्छ। 

नेपाल मा भारत र चीन को फ्यूज़न खोज्नुपर्ने हो कि? दुनिया को उच्चतम लोकतन्त्र कस्तो हो? नेपाल मा संविधान सभा ले त्यो विषय सँग कुस्ती खेल्नु जरूरी छ। 













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Sunday, November 07, 2021

चीन सँग जोडिएको ताइवान को प्रश्न

सोवियत संघ को विगठन पछि शीत युद्ध को समाप्ति को घोषणा गरियो। कम्युनिस्ट असफल साबित भएको भनियो। तर नेपाल मा बहुदल स्वीकार गर्छु भन्ने पार्टी ले कम्युनिस्ट शब्द भने नछोड्ने निर्णय गर्यो। नेपाल मा माओवादी ले १० वर्ष लामो गुरिल्ला युद्ध छेड़े। यो यस्तो माओवादी युद्ध थियो जस बारे चीन ले नेपाल का राजा लाई भन्ने गर्थ्यो, नेपाल का गुरिल्ला हरु ले हाम्रो चेयरमैन को नाम बदनाम गरे। आज पनि देश मा तीन तीन वटा ठुला कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी छन। कम्युनिस्ट नभएका पार्टी सबै समाजवादी छन। देश को संविधान मा समाजवाद उन्मुख देश भनिएको छ। 

बर्लिन को पर्खाल ढलेको समाचार नेपाल नपुगेको भनेको बल्ल थाहा हुन थाल्यो कारण अब जब अमेरिका र चीन एउटा नया शीत युद्ध मा होम्मियेका छन। ताइवान मा त लड़ाइ नै हुन सक्छ भनिंदैछ। अथवा चीन ढलन सक्छ। आखिर चीन एउटा साम्राज्य न हो। स्वतंत्र देश तिब्बत सँग नेपाल ले लड़ाइ गरेको, व्यापार गरेको त नेपाल को इतिहास ले नै भन्छ। तिब्बत र नेपाल बीच को सीमाना नेपाल र भारत जतिकै खुला थियो। त्यही खुला सीमा ले गर्दा कर्णाली ५०० वर्ष अगाडि नै त्यति सारहो समृद्ध थियो। तर अचेल को नेपाल मा भनिन्छ, कर्णाली दुर्गम छ त्यस कारण गरीब छ। चीन ले नाक थुनदिएर कर्णाली ले साँस नलिएको हो। 

शिनजियांग माओ ले कब्ज़ा गरेको। सि जिनपिंग ले फेरि कब्ज़ा जमाए। 

मैले खुला दिमाग ले सोच्ने प्रयास गरेको छु। शीत युद्ध सकियो होला, सोवियत संघ ढल्यो होला तर अमेरिका को राजनीतिक र आर्थिक व्यवस्था मा ठुला ठुला भ्वांग हरु छन। चीन ले गरीबी समाप्त गरेको हो। त्यसको प्रशंसा गर्छु। अमेरिका को दुई मध्ये एक प्रमुख पार्टी गोरा हरु को माइनॉरिटी रूल (minority rule) लागु गर्न कम्मर कसेर लागेको छ। त्यो लोकतंत्र होइन। चुनाव हारेको राष्ट्रपति ले संसद माथि भौतिक हमला गर्न लगाए। त्यो लोकतंत्र होइन। अमेरिका खुला प्रतिस्प्रधा वाला बाजार अर्थतंत्र होइन। ठुला ठुला कंपनी हरु ले धाक जमाएर बसेको अर्थतंत्र हो। अन्तमा को दुई जना चुनाव लड्ने भन्ने कुरा केही दश हजार पैसावाला मानिस हरु ले निर्धारण गर्ने गरेको। मनी प्राइमरी (money primary) भनिन्छ। उपल्लो सदन (senate) मा २०% जनसंख्या को शासन छ। राष्ट्रपति को चुनाव मा बहुमत भोट पाएको मान्छे हारिरहेको हुन्छ। तल्लो सदन को चुनाव मा जनता ले नेता होइन नेता ले जनता चुन्ने किसिमको सीमांकन छ। 

लोकतंत्र अमेरिका को लक्ष्य हो। पुगिसकेको गंतव्य होइन। खुला प्रतिस्प्रधा वाला बाजार अर्थतंत्र अमेरिका को लक्ष्य हो। पुगिसकेको गंतव्य होइन।

तर चीन को १९९० देखि अहिले सम्म को समृद्धि कम्युनिस्ट अर्थतंत्र त होइन। त्यो त बाजार अंगालेर भएको हो। भुखमरी समाप्त होस अनि वाक स्वतंत्रता को पनि कुरा गरौंला भन्ने गरेको चीन ले। गरीबी समाप्त भयो त। चीन ले १९९० देखि २०१० सम्म फड्को मार्यो। तर अब गएर मिडल इनकम ट्रैप (middle income trap) मा फँसेको छ। त्यसको कारण नै एउटा पार्टी को तानाशाही हो। चीन को कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी त्यो किसान हो जो सुन को अंडा दिने पंछी मार्न उद्द्यत देखिन्छ। 

चीन को सारा संसद मार्च पास गरे जस्तो एक स्वर मा बोलिरहेको हुन्छ, एकै नास भोट गरिरहेको हुन्छ। त्यो संसद होइन, सोप ओपेरा हो। चीन ले निहुँ नखोजेको छिमेकी नै छैन। त्यो ठुलो रणनीतिक गलती हो तर चीन ले त्यसो गरेको आतंरिक राजनीतिक कारन ले हो। सद्दाम ले आफ्नो इराक मा रहेको सत्ता कायम राख्न कुवेत पसनै पर्ने थियो। आफै स्वाहा भयो। त्यो अर्को कुरा हो। 

ताइवान ज्वलंत उदाहरण हो। ताइवान मा न चीन को पैसा चल्छ, न बेइजिंग ले त्यहाँ कुनै अंचलाधीश पठाएको छ। ताइवान प्रत्येक मानेमा एउटा स्वतंत्र देश जस्तो हो। चीन को ताइवान सँग व्यापक व्यापार छ। आफ्नै भुभाग सँग कुनै देश ले एक्सपोर्ट इम्पोर्ट गर्छ? चीन ले ताइवान सँग एक्सपोर्ट इम्पोर्ट गर्छ। 

हॉन्ग कांग को पुँजी बाजार चीन का लागि नभै नहुने कुरा। १९९० देखि आजसम्म मारेको फड्को त्यो बिना असंभव। तर त्यसै पंछी लाई मार्न भ्यायो त। सद्दाम कुवेत पसे जस्तो। 

ताइवान को सुरक्षा का लागि जानुपरे युद्ध मा जाने जापान र अमेरिका को निर्णय हो। त्यो सही निर्णय हो। त्यो निर्णय नगर्ने हो भने ताइवान ध्वस्त पार्छ चीन को कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी ले। पुर्वी जर्मनी र पश्चिमी जर्मनी जस्तो ताइवान र चीन, उत्तर कोरिया र दक्षिण कोरिया को एकीकरण होस भन्ने म चाहन्छु।  तर त्यो दुबै पक्ष ले स्वेच्छा ले गर्ने कुरा हो, आम जनता को स्तर मा। 

माओ ले नेशनलिस्ट चिआंग काइ सेक लाई हरायो होला तर लोकतान्त्रिक ताइवान ले तानाशाही चीन लाई हराउने संभावना बढ़ी छ। दुई कोरिया एक हुन्छन् तर त्यस अगाडि उत्तर कोरिया को तानाशाही ढल्नुपर्छ। 

चीन को अर्थतंत्र ढुलमुल अवस्था मा छ। सि जिनपिंग आफु विरुद्ध कु हुन्छ कि भन्ने डर ले विदेश जानै छाड़ेका छन। 

चीन लाई चाहिएको राजनीतिक सुधार हो। राजनीतिक सुधार को बाटो चिनिया कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी केंद्रीय भुमिका मा रहन सक्छ। तर सि ले लिएको बाटो विध्वंस को बाटो हो। त्यसले या त सि विरुद्ध कु गराउँछ या त सोवियत संघ जस्तो गरी चीन विगठन हुन्छ। सि राजनीतिक सुधार विरोधी मानिस हुन। 




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Friday, November 05, 2021

News: November 5

‘My students never knew’: the lecturer who lived in a tent Higher education is one of the most casualised sectors of the UK economy, and for many it means a struggle to get by ....... for two years while she taught them she was living in a tent. ........ “It was cold. It was a small one-person tent, which meant after a bit it did get warmer. But there were days when I remember waking up and my tent was in a circle of snow. When I wasn’t doing my PhD or other work I was learning how to chop wood or start a fire.” ........ and showered at university ....... I even organised an international conference. I was working to a very high standard and I was incredibly focused .......

nearly half of the undergraduate tutorials for which Cambridge University is famous are delivered by precariously employed staff without proper contracts

. The UCU says this is a familiar story across the country. ........... Determined not to drop out, she borrowed the tent from a friend. ....... “Many people are still shocked to learn that higher education is one of the most casualised sectors in the British economy. There are at least 75,000 staff on insecure contracts: workers who are exploited, underpaid, and often pushed to the brink by senior management teams relying on goodwill and a culture of fear.” ......... “It was a really hard time, carrying on teaching and doing my research while I had nowhere to live,” she says. “I ended up with severe PTSD.”

Remote-first work is taking over the rich world A growing body of research hints at why ....... In february 2020 Americans on average spent 5% of their working hours at home. By May, as lockdowns spread, the share had soared to 60%—a trend that was mirrored in other countries. Many people, perhaps believing that working from home really meant shirking from home, assumed that office life would soon return to something like its pre-pandemic norm. To say it has not turned out that way would be a huge understatement. .........

40% of all American working hours are still now spent at home.

........ Wall Street banks, often the most enthusiastic advocates for in-office work, are toning down the rhetoric. ........ Workers hope they will spend closer to half their working hours at the kitchen table. ........ Many people remain scared of contracting covid-19, and thus wish to avoid public spaces. Another possibility is that workers have more bargaining power. ....... Work that is largely done remotely may be more efficient compared with an office-first model. .......... Economists have less insight into why remote workers might be more productive. One possibility is that they can more easily focus on tasks than in an office, where the temptation to gossip with a co-worker looms large. Commuting, moreover, is tiring. Another factor relates to technology. Remote workers, by necessity, rely more on tools such as Slack and Microsoft Teams. This may allow bosses to co-ordinate teams more effectively, if the alternative in the office was word-of-mouth instructions that could easily be forgotten or misinterpreted. ...........

The number of people moving to cities such as Tulsa, in Oklahoma, which is positioning itself as the global capital of remote work, remains small.

............ Remote work makes people’s collaboration practices more “static and siloed”, it finds. People interact more with their closest contacts, but less with the more marginal members of their networks who can offer them new perspectives and ideas. That probably hurts innovation. The upshot is that fully remote teams might do quite well in the short term, but will ultimately suffer as innovation dries up.

What Will Drive China to War? A cold war is already under way. The question is whether Washington can deter Beijing from initiating a hot one. ....... President xi jinping declared in July that those who get in the way of China’s ascent will have their “heads bashed bloody against a Great Wall of steel.” The People’s Liberation Army Navy is churning out ships at a rate not seen since World War II, as Beijing issues threats against Taiwan and other neighbors. Top Pentagon officials have warned that China could start a military conflict in the Taiwan Strait or other geopolitical hot spots sometime this decade............... Beijing is a remarkably ambitious revanchist power, one determined to make China whole again by “reuniting” Taiwan with the mainland,

turning the East and South China Seas into Chinese lakes

, and grabbing regional primacy as a stepping-stone to global power. It is also increasingly encircled, and faces growing resistance on many fronts—just the sort of scenario that has led it to lash out in the past. ........... When confronted by a mounting threat to its geopolitical interests,

Beijing does not wait to be attacked; it shoots first to gain the advantage of surprise.

................ It is willing to pick even a very costly fight with a single enemy to teach it, and others observing from the sidelines, a lesson. ..........

China attacks not when it feels confident about the future but when it worries its enemies are closing in.

........... Beijing often has attacked far superior foes—including the U.S.—to cut them down to size and beat them back from Chinese-claimed or otherwise sensitive territory. ......... In 1950, for instance, the fledgling PRC was less than a year old and destitute, after decades of civil war and Japanese brutality. Yet it nonetheless mauled advancing U.S. forces in Korea out of concern that the Americans would conquer North Korea and eventually use it as a base to attack China. In the expanded Korean War that resulted, China suffered almost 1 million casualties, risked nuclear retaliation, and was slammed with punishing economic sanctions that stayed in place for a generation. But to this day, Beijing celebrates the intervention as a glorious victory that warded off an existential threat to its homeland. ................ In 1962, the PLA attacked Indian forces, ostensibly because they had built outposts in Chinese-claimed territory in the Himalayas. The deeper cause was that the CCP feared that it was being surrounded by the Indians, Americans, Soviets, and Chinese Nationalists, all of whom had increased their military presence near China in prior years. Later that decade, fearing that China was next on Moscow’s hit list as part of efforts to defeat “counterrevolution,” the Chinese military ambushed Soviet forces along the Ussuri River and set off a seven-month undeclared conflict that once again risked nuclear war. .............

Beijing turns violent when confronted with the prospect of permanently losing control of territory. It tends to attack one enemy to scare off others. And it rarely gives advance warning or waits to absorb the initial blow.

.............

Beijing’s military hasn’t fought a major war since 1979.

.......... From 2007 to 2019, growth rates fell by more than half, productivity declined by more than 10 percent, and overall debt surged eightfold. The coronavirus pandemic has dragged down growth even further and plunged Beijing’s finances deeper into the red. On top of all this, China’s population is aging at a devastating pace: From 2020 to 2035 alone, it will lose 70 million working-age adults and gain 130 million senior citizens. .......... For roughly a decade, Japan has been engaged in its largest military buildup since the Cold War; the ruling Liberal Democratic Party is now talking about doubling defense spending. India is massing forces near China’s borders and vital sea lanes. Vietnam and Indonesia are expanding their air, naval, and coast-guard forces. Australia is opening up its northern coast to U.S. forces and acquiring long-range missiles and nuclear-powered attack submarines. France, Germany, and the United Kingdom are sending warships into the Indo-Pacific region. Dozens of countries are looking to cut China out of their supply chains; anti-China coalitions, such as the Quad and AUKUS, are proliferating. .................. Xi, like his predecessors, desires to make China the preponderant power in Asia and, eventually, the world. .......... Most of China’s trade passes through the East and South China Seas. And China’s primary antagonists in the area—Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines—are part of a strategic chain of U.S. allies and partners whose territory blocks Beijing’s access to the Pacific’s deep waters. ............... Schoolchildren study the century of humiliation. National holidays commemorate foreign theft of Chinese lands. For many citizens, making China whole again is as much an emotional as a strategic imperative. Compromise is out of the question. “We cannot lose even one inch of the territory left behind by our ancestors,” Xi told James Mattis, then the U.S. secretary of defense, in 2018. ................. In August 2021, a record 68 percent of the Taiwanese public identified solely as Taiwanese and not as Chinese, and more than 95 percent wanted to maintain the island’s de facto sovereignty or declare independence. ............. If China does attack, Washington could face a choice between escalation or seeing Taiwan conquered. ......... U.S. and Japanese officials now confer routinely on how they would respond to Chinese aggression—and publicly advertise that cooperation. .............. For years, Chinese strategists have speculated about a short, sharp war that would humiliate Japan, rupture its alliance with Washington, and serve as an object lesson for other countries in the region. Beijing could, for instance, land or parachute special forces on the Senkakus, proclaim a large maritime exclusion zone in the area, and back up that declaration by deploying ships, submarines, warplanes, and drones—all supported by hundreds of conventionally armed ballistic missiles aimed at Japanese forces and even targets in Japan. Tokyo then would either have to accept China’s fait accompli or launch a difficult and bloody military operation to recapture the islands. America, too, would have to choose between retreat and honoring the pledges it made—in 2014 and in 2021—to help Japan defend the Senkakus. Retreat might destroy the credibility of the U.S.-Japan alliance. Resistance, war games held by prominent think tanks suggest, could easily lead to rapid escalation resulting in a major regional war. ..................... From Beijing’s perspective, circumstances are looking ripe for a teachable moment. The best target might be the Philippines. .............. Beijing possesses grandiose territorial aims as well as a strategic culture that emphasizes hitting first and hitting hard when it perceives gathering dangers. It has a host of wasting assets in the form of military advantages that may not endure beyond this decade. Such dynamics have driven China to war in the past and could do so again today. ...............

a U.S.-China war could be incredibly dangerous, offering few plausible off-ramps and severe pressures for escalation

............ If Beijing understands that it cannot easily or cheaply win a conflict, it may be more cautious about starting one. .......... require an intellectual shift—a realization that the United States and its allies need to rapidly shut China’s windows of military opportunity, which means preparing for a war that could well start in 2025 rather than in 2035. And that, in turn, requires a degree of political will and urgency that has so far been lacking.



Capitalism is killing the planet – it’s time to stop buying into our own destruction Instead of focusing on ‘micro consumerist bollocks’ like ditching our plastic coffee cups, we must challenge the pursuit of wealth and level down, not up ......... Regardless of which complex system is being studied, there’s a way of telling whether it is approaching a tipping point. Its outputs begin to flicker. The closer to its critical threshold it comes, the wilder the fluctuations. What we’ve seen this year is a great global flickering, as Earth systems begin to break down.

The heat domes over the western seaboard of North America; the massive fires there, in Siberia and around the Mediterranean; the lethal floods in Germany, Belgium, China, Sierra Leone – these are the signals that, in climatic morse code, spell “mayday”.

......... Our great intelligence, our highly evolved consciousness that once took us so far, now works against us. ............ “cake” was mentioned 10 times as often as “climate change” on UK TV programmes in 2020. “Scotch egg” received double the mentions of “biodiversity”. “Banana bread” beat “wind power” and “solar power” put together. ............... If an asteroid were heading towards Earth, and we turned on the radio, we’d probably hear: “So the hot topic today is – what’s the funniest thing that’s ever happened to you while eating a kebab?” This is the way the world ends, not with a bang but with banter. ........... The chatter on the radio sounds like the distant signals from a dying star. ......... the environmental impact of producing an organic cotton tote bag is equivalent to that of 20,000 plastic ones. ..........

Rich people can persuade themselves they’ve gone green because they recycle, while forgetting that they have a second home

............ a recent survey of public beliefs about river pollution found that “litter and plastic” was by far the biggest cause people named. In reality, the biggest source of water pollution is farming, followed by sewage. Litter is way down the list. It’s not that plastic is unimportant. The problem is that it’s almost the only story we know. .......... a 2019 speech by the chief executive of the oil company Shell, Ben van Beurden. He instructed us to “eat seasonally and recycle more”, and publicly berated his chauffeur for buying a punnet of strawberries in January. .......... The great political transition of the past 50 years, driven by corporate marketing, has been a shift from addressing our problems collectively to addressing them individually. In other words, it has turned us from citizens into consumers. It’s not hard to see why we have been herded down this path.

As citizens, joining together to demand political change, we are powerful. As consumers, we are almost powerless.

......... when Stalin and Hitler were in power, “one of the most astonishing human traits that came to light at this time was obedience”. The instinct to obey, he observed, was stronger than the instinct to survive. Acting alone, seeing ourselves as consumers, fixating on MCB and mind-numbing trivia, even as systemic environmental collapse looms: these are forms of obedience.

We would rather face civilisational death than the social embarrassment caused by raising awkward subjects, and the political trouble involved in resisting powerful forces.

The obedience reflex is our greatest flaw, the kink in the human brain that threatens our lives. ................

In reality, the great fortunes amassed under capitalism are not obtained this way, but through looting, monopoly and rent grabbing, followed by inheritance.

......... One estimate suggests that, over the course of 200 years, the British extracted from India, at current prices, $45tn. They used this money to fund industrialisation at home and the colonisation of other nations, whose wealth was then looted in turn. ............ The apparent health of our economies today depends on seizing natural wealth from future generations. This is what the oil companies, seeking to distract us with MCB and carbon footprints, are doing. Such theft from the future is the motor of economic growth. Capitalism, which sounds so reasonable when explained by a mainstream economist, is in ecological terms nothing but a pyramid scheme. ............

Bill Gates, according to one estimate, emits almost 7,500 tonnes of CO2, mostly from flying in his private jets.

Roman Abramovich, the same figures suggest, produces almost 34,000 tonnes, largely by running his gigantic yacht. ............

There is a poverty line below which no one should fall, and a wealth line above which no one should rise. We need wealth taxes, not carbon taxes

.......... But more important than the direct impacts of the ultra-wealthy is the political and cultural power with which they block effective change. Their cultural power relies on a hypnotising fairytale. Capitalism persuades us that we are all temporarily embarrassed millionaires. This is why we tolerate it. In reality,

some people are extremely rich because others are extremely poor: massive wealth depends on exploitation.

And if we did all become millionaires, we would cook the planet in no time at all. But the fairytale of universal wealth, one day, secures our obedience. ............ In consenting to the continued destruction of our life-support systems, we accommodate the desires of the ultra-rich and the powerful corporations they control. ....... In Fridays for Future, Green New Deal Rising, Extinction Rebellion and the other global uprisings against systemic environmental collapse, we see people, mostly young people, refusing to consent. What they understand is history’s most important lesson. Our survival depends on disobedience.

How Tyson Foods Got 60,500 Workers to Get the Coronavirus Vaccine Quickly The meatpacking giant, which was criticized for failing to do enough to protect its workers from Covid-19 last year, has become a leader on corporate mandates.

Congress pressures Biden to defend Taiwan China's aggressive behavior is worrying lawmakers, but a new U.S. strategy could fan the flames...... The strategic ambiguity doctrine, enshrined in the 1979 Taiwan Relations Act, stipulates that the U.S. remains purposely noncommittal about whether it would defend Taiwan from an attack or invasion by China. ......... “It’s really important that we arm Taiwan and help them to defend themselves. China wants to gobble them up,” Hawley said in a brief interview. “But I think it’s also a mistake for [Taiwan] to say, ‘well, if something happens, the United States will just bail us out.’ They’re a long way away.” ....... “This is competition. It does not have to be conflict,” Biden said. .......



'Europe is back at the epicenter' of COVID-19, WHO warns. 'Enough idiocy,' Italian official tells anti-vaxxers. In the past week alone, the Europe region saw 1.8 million new COVID-19 cases and 24,000 deaths, or 59 percent of global cases and nearly half the world's coronavirus deaths. "If we stay on this trajectory, we could see another half a million COVID-19 deaths in Europe and Central Asia by the first of February next year" ......... if 95 percent of Europeans just wore masks in public, 188,000 lives could be saved in the next three months. ......... Eight of the 53 countries in the WHO's European region have vaccinated more than 70 percent of their population, but two have immunized less than 10 percent. The worst outbreaks are in Russia, Ukraine, and elsewhere in low-vaccination Central and Eastern Europe. Germany, with 67 percent of its population fully vaccinated, recorded a pandemic-high 33,949 new COVID cases on Wednesday.

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