Showing posts with label rishi sunak. Show all posts
Showing posts with label rishi sunak. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 25, 2022

25: Rishi Sunak

"with Democrats banking they can hitch Republican candidates to an unpopular supreme court decision to overturn federal guarantees of a woman’s right to abortion. Republicans, meanwhile, are laser-focused on high inflation rates, economic troubles and fears over crime. ........political forecasting has become Moore’s business since he correctly called that Donald Trump would win the national elections in 2016, against common judgment of the media and pollsters businesses. ....... this will be “Roe-vember” ........ “If I said to you six months ago, ‘you know Kansas, right? It’s a huge pro-abortion state and this summer by a margin of 60% they’re going to keep abortion legal’ you’d think I had made a crazy statement,” he says. ....... “If I’d told you at the same time that in the congressional election in Alaska, a hard red state, that it’s not only going to be won by a Democrat but a Native Alaskan Democrat, again you’d have to question if I was out of my mind.” ........ Boise, Idaho, where an incumbent Republican candidate for the board of education was endorsed by a far-right group, the Idaho Liberty Dogs, and lost to an 18-year-old high school senior and progressive activist, Shiva Rajbhandari, who was also co-founder of the Boise chapter of the climate group Extinction Rebellion. ....... Moore predicts the election will see a record turnout of younger voters whose views pundits and commentators often miss. “If you spend any time with women, the Dobbs decision struck them personally and deeply. This was a religious edict based on conservative Catholic principles.” ......... The Democratic party consultants are feeding lines that are so lame and weak. They don’t go for the jugular like a Republican would. It doesn’t inspire people at home.” ........ the biggest political grouping in the US is not Republicans or Democrats, but non-voters. This non-voter party, which is perhaps the most potentially powerful but also the most inaccessible, is the group Moore wants to reach. .......... “The non-voter party don’t see how politics benefits them, they’re disgusted with the hypocrisy, a lot are disgusted with the crazy fighting that goes on, and the craziness that Trump amped up,” Moore says, adding that when he turns on the TV in the evening he doesn’t necessarily go to a news channel but looks for a comedy. ....... it could be as simple as calling a cousin who doesn’t vote to give her reasons why, this time, it’s important and that “she can go back to non-voting after this.” ...... “Aren’t you tired of nothing getting done? All this deadlock bullshit. One way to undo this logjam is to give Democrats a chance to pass legislation and let’s see how it works out. "

Ukraine war heading for ‘uncontrolled escalation’, says Russia Moscow appears to be preparing ground for further escalation with discredited claims that Kyiv may use ‘dirty’ bomb ........ “The allegation that Ukraine is preparing to use dirty bombs in Ukraine is absurd.” ....... Kyiv and its western allies, which have been supplying Ukraine with modern weapons, intelligence and training. ........ Shoigu discussed the “rapidly deteriorating situation” in phone calls with his British, French and Turkish counterparts and also spoke by phone with the US defence secretary, Lloyd Austin, for the second time in three days. The Pentagon said Austin told Shoigu he “rejected any pretext for Russian escalation”. ............ “I worry there is too much motivated reasoning in dismissing possible Russian nuclear use. We don’t want it to happen, and/or we don’t see the point, therefore it won’t. But Russia faces logic of dwindling choices as it loses. Escalation of all kinds more likely.” ........... Russia accused western countries of having “essentially stolen” its gold and foreign exchange reserves via sanctions. Asked by reporters about an EU proposal to transfer frozen Russian assets to Ukraine, Peskov said: “In general, a part large of our assets have been essentially stolen by specific western countries.”

New Tory leader Rishi Sunak says party facing ‘existential threat’ Incoming prime minister says Tories must ‘unite or die’ and rules out early general election ........ Ruling out an early general election, he said he would lead a government of serious Conservative values and make his first priority tackling the economic crisis. ....... Five minutes after Mordaunt’s withdrawal, Sir Graham Brady, the chair of the Conservative backbench 1922 Committee, formally announced the result. “I can confirm that we have one valid nomination, and Rishi Sunak is elected as leader of the Conservative party,” he said. ......... had secured the backing of more than half the parliamentary party by Monday morning. ......... Sunak told MPs that his ambition was to have a “highly productive UK economy” ........ He said a stable and productive economy would be the engine that drives a well-funded health and education service and delivers on net zero, and he said it would be an “environmentally focused government.” ........ Sunak, whose parents are of Punjabi Indian heritage, will be the first person of colour to become British prime minister. ........ Benjamin Disraeli, who held the office twice between 1868 and 1880, was of Jewish heritage. At 42, Sunak is the youngest prime minister for more than 200 years. ........ His victory, in effect a coronation with not a single formal vote being cast, even by MPs

Rebels plot to replace Liz Truss with Rishi Sunak amid UK crisis among those who voted for the Conservatives at the last election, 62 per cent that party members had made the wrong choice when the race was shortlisted between Truss and Sunak, compared with 15 per cent who said they had got it right.

Rishi Sunak's rise signifies the arrival of the Indian diaspora New generations of emigrants have successfully plunged into local politics ......... The success of Rishi Sunak, former British chancellor, at winning a place in the runoff to be the next leader of the U.K.'s ruling Conservative Party and the country's next prime minister has triggered intense excitement and interest in India and among its 32 million-strong diaspora around the world. ........ The prospect of a young politician who hails from a family of Punjabi emigrants to East Africa and Britain making it to the top office of India's former colonial master has tantalized observers. ........ it should be placed in the context of growing self-confidence and self-expression among the Indian diaspora as a whole. ......... In the past few decades, numerous political success stories have emerged from among the Indian diaspora. ......... There are now seven heads of government and state from the Indian diaspora in countries ranging from Portugal, Singapore, Suriname and Guyana to Mauritius and the Seychelles. Others serve in senior executive, legislative, judicial or party roles, such as U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris and Jagmeet Singh, head of Canada's opposition New Democratic Party. ........ Kamala Harris, for example, has credited her Indian mother from the state of Tamil Nadu as inspiration for her entry into public life in the U.S. "My mother had been raised in a household where political activism and civic leadership came naturally," said Harris. ........ Sunak has praised his in-laws, Indian information technology pioneers and philanthropists Sudha Murty and Narayana Murthy. "[Theirs] is a story I'm really proud of and as the prime minister, I want to ensure that we can create more stories like theirs here at home," he told British voters. ....... Despite facing racism and prejudice, many persons of Indian origin have displayed pragmatism and determination to prove their worth. ......... It is not a statistical fluke that the Indian diaspora is one of the richest minority communities in most developed countries, boasting of higher education levels and per capita incomes on average than other immigrant groups and even the majority ethnic groups in some host countries. ......... Since there is a direct correlation between education, wealth and political clout in democracies, the political rise of the diaspora Indian stands on strong structural foundations. .......... Another factor that is propelling the political ascendance of diaspora Indians is the formation of their own ethnic associations and lobbies. Akin to successful Jewish groups which have helped support Israel's interests worldwide, these associations of Indian-origin people are now advocating for New Delhi's interests in various countries and are having an impact on policymaking. ........ Consider the recent vote by the U.S. House of Representatives to waive potential sanctions against India over its purchase of advanced Russian weapons systems. This proposal was shepherded by California Rep. Rohit Khanna, a member of the so-called "samosa caucus" of U.S. diaspora Indians who support one another and maintain ties with the government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. By no coincidence, Modi is an ardent champion of the diaspora. ........... Sunak's contention that his candidacy for Britain's highest office is "not the end of the British Indian story" and that "there is lots more we can achieve" is a direct acknowledgment of a triangular connection between India, its diaspora in the U.K. and his own spectacular political surge. ........ India itself may not be taking over the world, but its civilizational progeny are definitely going places.



A dim future awaits a closed-off China Surging nationalism and heavy-handed policies have left Beijing isolated ....... China's rapid growth has been made possible by a global economy. No country has enjoyed the benefits as much as China, and Beijing cannot live in isolation from the rest of the world. ...... China's foreign and security policies, which emphasize strength, have created an atmosphere in which Beijing is willing to face off against governments with which it once had good relations, such as the U.S., Europe and Japan. The low-profile foreign policy of the Deng Xiaoping era, characterized by hiding one's claws and biding one's time, has been overwhelmed by the cries for a strong nation. ........ Also troubling is that the economic and cultural policies of Deng's "reform and opening up" strategy have been drowned out. Xi has pushed for "common prosperity," with an emphasis on economic equality. Hidden here is a political agenda to surpass the achievements of Deng, who actually brought prosperity to China. There is much opposition within the country to Xi's move to explore a return to China's socialist origins. ........ China's strict zero-COVID policy has resulted in economic exhaustion and de facto isolation, reducing person-to-person exchanges with other countries. As long as China continues to be closed off, its future does not look bright. ......... Hong Kong, once a window to the wider world, has been deprived of its freedom in the name of national security. Beijing touts the principle of "patriots ruling Hong Kong," but only patriots as defined by the Communist Party. This is the death of a free Hong Kong. .......... On the issue of Taiwan, Xi said, "Realizing China's complete reunification is, for the party, a historic mission and an unshakable commitment," stressing that "we will never promise to renounce the use of force, and we reserve the option of taking all measures necessary." ......... the Chinese Communist Party is a dictatorship governing the world's second-largest economy and 1.4 billion people. The confrontation between the U.S. and China, Taiwan's status, and many other issues will have a major global impact, so there is no choice but to watch the party carefully. ........ economic achievements directly related to people's lives have been few over the past decade. The economic growth rate is also trending downward, and public dissatisfaction has surfaced in some parts of the country.

Modi is turning India's nonalignment policy into a business model Top officials advance export drive by promoting wares of state-owned arms makers ......... Subrahmanyam Jaishankar is the first career diplomat to serve as India's external affairs minister. Unlike many of his predecessors, he has also had experience in the private sector, serving as president of global corporate affairs for the Tata Group for about a year just before taking up his current role. ......... His unique background, coupled with the "Make in India" and "Atmanirbhar Bharat" drives by the administration of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to promote foreign investment and self-reliance, respectively, are reshaping the country's foreign policy. ......... Unlike preceding administrations, the Modi government is not seeking to have one foot with the global South and one with the West in deference to the principle of nonalignment, nor is it motivated by what its developed-country partners call shared values. ..........

behind the veneer of India's balancing act are trade and economic interests, particularly in terms of energy, defense, pharmaceuticals and high technology.

....... India is now poised to be the fastest-growing major economy this year, with the International Monetary Fund last week forecasting a gross-domestic product rise of 6.8%. This would be more than double the pace of China or the world as a whole at a time when developed countries look poised to enter recession. ......... the Indian finance ministry credits purchases of discounted Russian oil as a key factor in the country's strong macroeconomic performance. ........ Beyond cheap oil, India is also taking advantage of the growing geopolitical fractures to sell more arms abroad, increase space cooperation and develop markets for its pharmaceuticals. ....... Visiting Argentina last month, Jaishankar pointedly used that country's name for the Falkland Islands, Islas Malvinas. This was not just a show of solidarity with a fellow member of the global South but part of a sales pitch for the Tejas fighter jet made by state-owned Hindustan Aeronautics. Buenos Aires aims by year-end to finalize a decision between competing models, including offers for the U.S. F-16, Russia's MiG-35, and the JF-17 made jointly by China and Pakistan. ......... The Tejas is billed as an affordable alternative to the F-16 and other Western fighters, and even to the JF-17. Priced at $42 million a plane with an operating cost of around $4,000 an hour, the Tejas is the cheapest lightweight combat aircraft available. ........ The Philippines, meanwhile, earlier this year finalized a $375 million deal to buy supersonic BrahMos missiles from the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), another Indian state-owned arms producer. Vietnam is also a target market for Indian defense companies. ........ Indian arms makers have other advantages besides price over their established American rivals in pitching to countries in the global South. U.S. arms makers are handcuffed by Washington's alliance policies, which fracture the world into camps. Thus the DRDO is working on a deal to sell Pinaka Mark-II guided missile systems to Armenia, a longtime Russian ally. ...... India's participation in the new

I2U2

grouping with Israel, the U.S. and the United Arab Emirates also shows how economic interests are taking precedence over past ideological priorities, in this case, support for the Palestinian cause. That effort now yields little economic benefit for New Delhi while the I2U2 in July set plans for a $2 billion series of food-sector industrial parks in India and a $330 million renewable energy project in Modi's home state of Gujarat. ........ turning top government officials into business development managers charged with cultivating foreign markets is one way to advance the effort.......... India's concept of a multipolar world can be more than geopolitical balancing between global powers but also a geoeconomic endeavor carefully crafted to take advantage of different opportunities in each country.




How Xi Jinping Remade China in His Image

"And yet, these artists “have continued to innovate, lyrically and sonically, breathing new life into the genre.” .......... a pragmatic awareness that hip-hop can provide a safer and more lucrative hustle for a lucky few. ....... “Atlanta is never going to lose.” “Any kid with 500 dollars and a … dream,” he tells Coscarelli, “can come to Atlanta and … make it.” ...... Perhaps most moving is the depiction of Marlo, an aspiring rapper and Percocet addict who practices the Yoruba religion of Ifa and sojourns to Nigeria seeking spiritual guidance, and growth. He describes the “unlikely Atlanta interloper” Brodinski, a French producer and D.J., as “slim, tattooed and stylish,” representing “a benevolent version of another common hip-hop archetype: the white ambassador — usually a writer, D.J., producer, designer or executive, who at various points in the genre’s jagged commercial development had helped to take rap to different places in the popular consciousness out of some combination of self-interest, artistic commitment and opportunism.” Coscarelli stops just shy of applying the moniker to himself, but the line is a refreshing admission of the knotty role his own whiteness plays in telling this story. .......... hip-hop is a year shy of 50 ....... Making relatively brief reference to hip-hop’s emergence in the ’70s, Coscarelli writes about Atlanta rap as if it is the messiah child that sprang from no one’s loins. ......... a culture that remains stubbornly, predominantly male. "

Shehan Karunatilaka Wins Booker Prize for ‘The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida’ The Sri Lankan writer received the award, one of the most prestigious literary prizes in the world, for his second novel, which examines the trauma of his country’s decades-long civil war. ........ As a boy living through Sri Lanka’s civil war in the 1980s, Shehan Karunatilaka thought of political violence as part of the landscape. War was a constant backdrop to daily life, more mundane than frightening at times. ......... the afterlife: a tedious, dysfunctional bureaucracy, where hordes of confused ghosts are waiting to be processed. ......... “It’s a book that takes the reader on a roller coaster journey through life and death.” ....... The judges, who were unanimous in choosing “The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida,” were won over by “the variety of registers it was deploying, the skill with which language was used, and the confidence with which it shifted genre,” from noir to philosophical reflections to comedy ....... Karunatilaka was born in  Galle, Sri Lanka, in 1975, and grew up in Colombo, the capital. He studied in New Zealand, and went on to work and live in London, Amsterdam and Singapore. He has worked as an advertising copywriter, and played guitar in an alternative rock band, Independent Square. He currently lives in Colombo, where he still writes ad copy during the day and works on his fiction in the early morning. ........ Karunatilaka wondered what processing the lingering trauma of war would feel like if the dead could speak, and thought about writing a ghost story. ...... he imagined the afterlife as a bland bureaucracy: “The afterlife is a tax office and everyone wants their rebate,” he writes. ........ “Maybe that is a plausible explanation for why Sri Lanka seems to go from tragedy to tragedy, that there are all these restless spirits and ghosts wandering around, confused, not sure what they’re supposed to do, and they amuse themselves by whispering bad ideas into people’s ears” ....... a war photographer named Maali Almeida wakes up dead, without a clue as to how or why he was killed. He sets out to solve the mystery of his own murder, and figures he’s been targeted for his explosive photographs ........... is told he has “seven moons” to learn who killed him and to uncover his cache of photos ......... The novel, which was published in Britain in August by Sort of Books, an independent British publishing house, drew comparisons to magical realist works by Salman Rushdie and Gabriel García Márquez.

A Secret Deal, Wishful Thinking: How the U.S.-Saudi Relationship Ruptured Ahead of President Biden’s trip to Saudi Arabia this summer, his administration thought it had secured pledges of increases in oil production throughout the year. The opposite happened. ........ What happened over the last half-year is a story of handshake agreements, wishful thinking, missed signals and finger-pointing over broken promises. ......... The episode is also a revealing example of how Saudi Arabia, under the leadership of its ambitious and often ruthless crown prince, appears eager to shed some of its longtime reliance on the United States, with Prince Mohammed trying to position Saudi Arabia as a powerhouse of its own. .......... “Deconstructing Saudi decision-making right now is like Kremlinology on steroids” ......... “Saudi Arabia’s refusal to ​​stabilize global energy markets is helping bankroll Vladimir Putin’s war crimes in Ukraine.” ........ “I keep listening to, ‘Are you with us or against us?’ Is there any room for, ‘We are for Saudi Arabia and the people of Saudi Arabia’?” he said. “We will have to deliver our ambitions.”

Why Natural Gas Prices in Europe Are Suddenly Plunging A combination of full storage, lower demand and mild weather, among other factors, has eased concerns of a spike in heating and power prices — for now........ The benchmark European price of natural gas this week fell to a level that is more than 70 percent below its record high in August. One of the main reasons for the plunge in prices is that Europe, at least for now, has all the natural gas it needs. ........ over the summer, Europe went on a global buying spree ......... Special ships with huge amounts of liquefied natural gas, or L.N.G., raced to Europe from the United States, Qatar and other countries (including Russia) that produce large amounts of gas. ........ many energy-hungry businesses like aluminum smelters, steel mills and fertilizer plants have at least temporarily shut down. ....... Futures prices for natural gas for delivery in January and February of 2023 are trading more than 40 percent higher than for November.

U.S. Sees Opportunity for Ukraine to Capitalize on Russian Weakness The next six weeks, before fall mud spreads, could allow Ukraine’s military to press forward in the Donbas and potentially retake Kherson, American officials said. But Russia may not be deterred. ........ The Ukrainian military has a window of opportunity to make gains against Russia’s army over the next six weeks ........ The Ukrainians defeated the Russians in the battle for Kyiv, only to see Russia grind forward during the brutal fighting in the Donbas over the summer. .......... Officers in the field agree that they are making gains, but at a high cost. ........ if Ukraine’s forces can take control of the Route 66 highway in Luhansk in the coming weeks, they can cut off a key road that Russia has been using to supply its troops in occupied areas. ....... Russia’s military is still hobbled by challenges similar to those it has faced since the start of the war. Problems with logistics have prevented Moscow from keeping soldiers adequately supplied. Communication between Russian units remains difficult, forcing them to deploy senior officers close to the front lines and hampering coordinated movements. And the reservists now being forced to the battlefields are poorly trained and badly equipped. ........ Moscow’s military can still conduct large-scale artillery operations, and Russia possesses two potential strengths: an infusion of troops from the forced mobilization Mr. Putin carried out at the insistence of key commanders and an ability to absorb large battlefield losses. ......... The Russian military has suffered a loss of equipment and soldiers that would have broken most armies in Europe. .......... Winter snow will not slow the fighting, but the mud of late fall, what Russians call rasputitsa, will. Once the ground hardens in February, around the first anniversary of the invasion, the armies can once again move more quickly. ........... Mr. Putin’s intentions for the next phase of the war are difficult to discern, and there are currently few, if any, regular contacts between American officials and their Russian counterparts. ........ major Russian offensive operations are pretty much off the table at this point ....... The dynamic of the war could change come spring. ....... The reality of modern warfare is that the winner does not get a say in when the fighting stops. Mr. Putin, officials said, is unlikely to accept defeat in the coming months.

Putin Is Onto Us Putin is now fighting a ground war to break through Ukraine’s lines and a two-front energy war to break Ukraine’s will and that of its allies. He’s trying to smash Ukraine’s electricity system to ensure a long, cold winter there while putting himself in position (in ways that I’ll explain) to drive up energy costs for all of Ukraine’s allies. And because we — America and the West — do not have an energy strategy in place to dampen the impact of Putin’s energy bomb, this is a frightening prospect.......... As a country, and as a Western alliance, we have no ladder of priorities on energy, just competing aspirations and magical thinking that we can have it all. ........ we are going to be in for a world of hurt if Putin drops the energy bomb that I think he’s assembling for Christmas. ......... Oil in just one very large tanker can be worth roughly $250 million, so the incentives are enormous. ......... China has been taking some of the L.N.G. sold to it on those fixed-price contracts for domestic use and reselling it to Europe and other gas-starved countries for $300 a barrel of oil equivalent. ......... suppose, come December, Putin announces he is halting all Russian oil and gas exports for 30 or 60 days to countries supporting Ukraine ........ In this tight market, oil could go to $200 a barrel, with a commensurate rise in the price of natural gas. We’re talking $10 to $12 a gallon at the pump in the United States. ............ The beauty for Putin of an energy bomb is that unlike setting off a nuclear bomb — which would unite the whole world against him — setting off an oil price bomb would divide the West from Ukraine. ......... we need a robust energy arsenal as much as a military one. Because we are in an energy war!

Monday, October 24, 2022

24: Sunak

23: Rishi

Rishi Sunak warns of risk that markets lose faith in UK economy (August 30) Former chancellor says Truss’s campaign promises could force up inflation and increase borrowing costs ...... Rishi Sunak has warned that it would be “complacent and irresponsible” to ignore the risk of markets losing confidence in the British economy .......... Sunak said his leadership rival Liz Truss had made unfunded spending commitments that he feared could force up inflation and interest rates, and increase UK borrowing costs........ said he “struggled to see” how Truss’s promises of sweeping tax cuts and help for families struggling with soaring energy costs “add up”. ....... said that market confidence had been maintained through having an independent central bank, strong institutions and a “credible fiscal trajectory”. ....... “We have more inflation-linked debt by a margin than any other G7 economy — basically more than double,” Sunak said. “Because of the structure of QE [quantitative easing], we’re also particularly much more sensitive to an upward rate cycle than we have been.” ....... "What we need to do is just get a grip of inflation now. So that’s a combination of monetary policy, it’s making sure that fiscal policy does not make the situation worse and put fuel on the fire.” ....... He warned that if the Conservative party surrendered its reputation for fiscal discipline it could destroy one of its principal advantages over Labour. ....... uggested that while he expected Johnson to continue as an MP, the outgoing prime minister should accept that his time in frontline politics is over. .......... 60 members of the government all resigned, which you’d have to remember, it’s essentially unprecedented ........ and on Tuesday party members turned up in Bentleys and Porsches to hear Sunak’s pitch. ...... He joked that one of the best parts of the race had been “all these people coming up to me and say ‘wow you’re shorter in real life’”. ........ The biggest applause came for Sunak’s stance on cultural issues: “I want to take on this leftie woke culture that wants to cancel our values, our culture and our women.” .......... Sunak said he “always” tried to give Johnson the benefit of the doubt during policy disputes. “I was there to be supportive, to try and implement what he wanted. I always had a fair shot at making my case. Resigning from being chancellor is a big deal, it’s not something you should do lightly.” .......... “I was always only going to do this on terms that worked for me, in the sense I was going to be true to myself, true to what I believe was right for the country.”

Boris Johnson says he will not stand in Tory leadership contest Move means Rishi Sunak looks almost certain to be PM ........ After cutting short a Caribbean holiday, Johnson spoke to rivals Sunak and Penny Mordaunt in an attempt to persuade them to get on board with his attempted political comeback. ........ However, Johnson has said he is not running after only making it to about 60 declared backers by Sunday evening – well short of the 100-MP threshold required to make it on to the ballot.

‘I’m deadly serious’: why film-maker Michael Moore is confident of a Democratic midterm win The Academy-award winner has been emailing a ‘daily dose of truth’ to mobilize supporters of the party to vote in November

Wednesday, October 19, 2022

19: Rishi Sunak



डा. प्रसन्न जो घरदैलोको क्रममा गर्छन् बिरामीको चेकजाँच
खर्बको ठेक्का लगाएर एक अर्ब कमिशन असुल्दै मन्त्री राई ! काम सम्पन्न भएपछि बिलको पेमेन्ट हुँदा भने ५ देखि १० प्रतिशतसम्म कमिशन दिने गरेको बताइन्छ ।
आफ्नो अन्तर्आत्माको आवाज सुनेर मतदाताले मतदान गर्नुपर्छ : ई.सत्यनारायण साह
‘मधेशको सम्मानका लागि जनमत पार्टी एक्लै उभिएको छ’

निर्वाचन कसले जित्छ? दलहरूले यस पालि प्रत्यक्षतर्फको उम्मेदवार छनोटको मापदण्ड तय गर्दा जित्न सक्नेलाई सिफारिस गर्नका लागि आफ्ना तल्ला निकायहरूलाई निर्देशन दिएका थिए । आखिर यो जित्न सक्ने भनेको के हो ? ........ पहिलो, दलित समुदायका उम्मेदवारहरूले अपवादबाहेक निर्वाचन जित्दा रहेनछन् । दोस्रो, अत्यन्त थोरै सङ्ख्याका महिलाहरू मात्र विजयी हुने रहेछन् । यी दुवै कुरा पञ्चायतकाल र प्रजातान्त्रिक कालमा उस्तै रहेको पाइयो भने, तराई र पहाडका जिल्लाबीच पनि भिन्नता पाइएन । तेस्रो, मधेशी नेताहरूले मधेशी समुदायको बाहुल्य भएका जिल्लाहरूबाट मात्र निर्वाचन जित्दा रहेछन् । थारू, मुसलमान र धेरै हदसम्म जनजाति समुदायका नेताहरूले तत्तत् क्षेत्रबाट मात्र जित हासिल गर्दा रहेछन् जहाँ यिनै समुदायको जनसाङ्ख्यिक बाहुल्य रहेको हुन्छ । चौथो, बाहुन–क्षत्री समुदायका पुरुष नेताहरूले हिमाल, पहाड, तराईका जुनै जिल्लाबाट पनि निर्वाचन जित्ने गरेका प्रशस्तै उदाहरण छन् । पाँचौं, पञ्चायतकालभरि राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायतमा क्षत्री र ठकुरीहरूको प्रतिनिधित्व अधिक थियो भने, प्रजातान्त्रिक काल (२०४८, २०५१ र २०५६ साल) मा भएका निर्वाचनहरूमा बाहुनको प्रतिनिधित्व बढी थियो । छैटौं, २००४ सालदेखि २०५६ सालसम्मका विधायिका (राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायत र प्रतिनिधिसभा) मा सामुदायिक प्रतिनिधित्वको कोणबाट हेर्दा लगभग दुईतिहाइ (६५ प्रतिशत) खस–आर्य र बाँकी एकतिहाइमा जनजाति र मधेशीको प्रतिनिधित्व हुने गर्थ्यो । सातौं, २०६४ सालमा समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली अपनाइएपछि पहिलो पटक पहिलो संविधानसभामा एकतिहाइ मधेशी र एकतिहाइ जनजाति प्रतिनिधित्व भएको थियो । साथै, नेपालको इतिहासमा पहिलो पटक खस–आर्यको प्रतिनिधित्व घटेर एकतिहाइमा समेटिएको थियो । खासमा यो सबै समुदायको जनसङ्ख्याको अनुपातसँग ठ्याक्कै मिल्दोजुल्दो थियो । आठौं, समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणालीकै कारण पहिलो संविधानसभामा दलित समुदायका ५१ जना र लगभग २ सय महिलाको प्रतिनिधित्व सम्भव भएको थियो । नवौं, तथ्याङ्कको मसिनो विश्लेषणले भन्छ— पञ्चायतकालदेखि प्रजातान्त्रिक कालसम्म तराई मधेशको राजनीतिमा यादव, वैश्य र थारू समुदायका थोरै उम्मेदवारले निर्वाचन जित्थे भने, पहाडे समुदाय र मधेशी उच्च जातका अधिकांश उम्मेदवारहरूले जित्नुका साथै राजनीतिमा नियन्त्रण पनि कायम राखेका थिए । दसौं, २०६४ सालको निर्वाचनयता राजनीतिक समीकरणमा केही फेरबदल भएको छ । कोर मधेश क्षेत्रमा (अहिलेको मधेश प्रदेशमा) निर्वाचन जित्ने पहाडे समुदायका उम्मेदवारहरूको सङ्ख्या घटेको छ । मधेशी उच्च जातका मानिसहरूको वर्चस्व कम भएको छ । यादव र वैश्य समुदायको प्रतिनिधित्व बढ्नुका साथै तिनले राजनीतिमा नियन्त्रणकारी भूमिका पाउँदै गएका छन् । तर, अहिले पनि दलितले निर्वाचन जित्न असम्भवप्रायः छ । राजनीतिमा महिलाको पहुँच बढेको देखिए पनि सीमित सम्भ्रान्त परिवारका महिलाहरूले मात्र त्यसको फाइदा लिन सकेका छन् । मुसलमान समुदायको प्रतिनिधित्व अत्यन्त सीमित छ । ......... ग्रामीण समाजमा आम मानिसले कसैलाई किन मत दिन्छन् भने सन्दर्भमा भारतीय राजनीतिशास्त्री भी. लालनीको तर्क मधेशी समाजमा ठ्याक्कै लागू हुँदो रहेछ । लालनीले भारतको ग्रामीण समाजले कसलाई र केका आधारमा नेता छनोट गर्छन् भन्ने विषयमा विद्यावारिधि गरेर पुस्तक प्रकाशन गरेका छन्, जसमा उनले भारतको ग्रामीण समाजलाई मूलतः सामन्ती समाज भनेका छन् । त्यहाँ मानिसहरूबीचको सम्बन्ध बराबरीमा होइन, बरु संरक्षक र संरक्षित (प्याट्रोन–क्लाइन्ट) प्रकारको हुन्छ भन्दै त्यस्तो समाजमा आम मानिसले मूलतः पाँच आधारमा मतदान गर्ने गरेको उनको तर्क छ । पहिलो, आम मानिसले संरक्षक व्यक्तिलाई भोट दिन बढी रुचाउँछन् जो स्वाभाविक रूपमा धनी परिवारका हुन्छन् । दोस्रो, उच्च जातका मानिसलाई । तेस्रो, स्थानीय अदालत र प्रहरी कार्यालयहरूमा सम्पर्क भएका वा काम गराउन सक्नेलाई । चौथो, आफ्नो घरमा हुने विवाह, व्रतबन्ध, जन्म र मृत्युजस्ता पारिवारिक कार्यक्रमहरूमा उपस्थित हुने व्यक्तिलाई । र पाँचौं, स्थानीय मिडियामा देखिइरहने अनुहारलाई । ..........

मधेशमा नेताले सबैभन्दा बढी गर्नुपर्ने काम भनेकै स्थानीय प्रहरी–प्रशासनमा भनसुनको हुँदो रहेछ ।

प्रहरी–प्रशासनमा भनसुन गर्न सक्ने क्षमता दुई प्रकारका मानिसमा बढी हुँदो रहेछ । पहिलो, केन्द्रीय सत्तामा पहुँच भएको जसमा कांग्रेस वा एमालेका नेताहरू पर्छन् । दोस्रो, बाहुन–क्षत्री समुदायका मानिसहरू जसको प्रहरी–प्रशासनमा सामाजिक कारणले राम्रो सम्बन्ध रहेको हुन्छ । मधेशमा यी दुई कारणले नेताहरूको प्रभाव जताततै देख्न सकिन्छ । ............ भारतमा निर्वाचन जित्नलाई विभिन्न छ पक्षको बराबर भूमिका हुन्छ । पहिलो, उम्मेदवारको जात र धर्म । दोस्रो, पारिवारिक पृष्ठभूमि । तेस्रो, स्थानीय सार्वजनिक एवं जनकल्याणका कार्यमा ती परिवारको योगदान । चौथो, सत्तामा रहँदाका बेला उसको पार्टीले महँगी नियन्त्रणमा खेलेको भूमिका । पाँचौं, उम्मेदवार आफैं वा उसको पार्टी भ्रष्टाचारमा मुछिएको छ वा छैन । र छैटौं, सत्तामा रहँदा उम्मेदवार वा उसको पार्टीले विकास–निर्माण कस्तो गरेको थियो । यी पक्षहरूलाई जाँचको विषयजस्तो मान्ने हो भने सबैमा कम्तीमा उत्तीर्णांक ल्याउनेले मात्र निर्वाचन जित्ने गरेको उनको तर्क छ । ........... सन् १९८० यताका विभिन्न मुख्यमन्त्रीका कार्यकालको तुलनात्मक अध्ययन गर्दा आफ्नो कार्यकालमा आठ प्रतिशतभन्दा बढी वृद्धिदर कायम गर्न सफल भएका २७ मुख्यमन्त्रीमध्ये आधाले लगत्तैको निर्वाचन हारेको तथ्याङ्क पनि उनी बारम्बार उल्लेख गर्छन् । उनको तर्क छ— केवल विकास गरेकै कारण निर्वाचन जित्न नसकिने रहेछ । ........ अहिले मधेशको राजनीतिमा डा. सीके राउतको जस्तो चर्चा छ, राष्ट्रिय राजनीतिमा डा. स्वर्णिम वाग्ले, डा. विश्व पौडेलको पनि उस्तै चर्चा छ । विगत तीन दशकदेखि डा. बाबुराम भट्टराई, डा. रामशरण महतहरू चर्चित रहिरहनुमा अन्य कुराका साथै उहाँहरूको पीएचडी डिग्री पनि एउटा महत्त्वपूर्ण पक्ष रहिआएको छ । पञ्चायतकालमा प्रकाशचन्द्र लोहनी, पशुपति राणा, यादवप्रसाद पन्त आदि त्यस्तै नेता हुन् जो डिग्री र पढेका विश्वविद्यालयका कारण पनि चर्चामा हुन्थे, छन् । ........ सामाजिक पुँजी, सांस्कृतिक पुँजी र साङ्केतिक पुँजी । ...... सामाजिक पुँजीको अर्थ समाजमा व्यक्तिको जनसम्पर्कलाई लिइन्छ । सांस्कृतिक पुँजी भनेको निजी र सार्वजनिक जीवनमा गर्ने व्यवहार, कुराकानी, अन्तर्वार्तामा प्रस्तुति; पोसाक लगाउने तौरतरिका; राजनीतिक खेलको नियम बुझ्ने क्षमताजस्ता संस्कारगत पक्षहरूलाई लिइन्छ । साङ्केतिक पुँजी व्यक्तिविशेषको मानपदवी, पदप्रतिष्ठा र शिक्षादीक्षा, पढेको विश्वविद्यालयजस्ता कुराहरूसँग जोडिएको हुन्छ । यदि कुनै व्यक्ति कुनै ठूलो पदमा छ, धेरै पढेलेखेको छ वा विदेशको विख्यात शिक्षालयमा पढेको छ भने उसको साङ्केतिक पुँजी बलियो मानिन्छ । .......... विश्वासको कालखण्ड, आक्रोशको कालखण्ड र सुझबुझको कालखण्ड । ........ सन् २००२ यता भारतीय मतदाताहरूले बडो सुझबुझका साथ मतदान गर्न थालेका छन् । राम्रो काम गरेको सत्तापक्षले निरन्तरता पाउँछ भने कमजोर प्रदर्शन गर्ने सरकार फेरिन्छ । सुझबुझको यो कालखण्डमा राष्ट्रिय लहरभन्दा पनि प्रान्तीय सरकारहरूको प्रदर्शनका आधारमा गठबन्धनले मत पाउने गरेको रोयको तर्क छ ।


कस्तो सहर बनाउने बालेन? नेवाः सभ्यताको मर्म, सभ्यता अनुसार बनेका बस्ती र सहरको विशिष्टतालाई बेवास्ता गर्दै नवधनाढ्य गाडीवाला, गाडीका व्यापारी र लगानीकर्ता बैंक समूहको हित साधन गर्ने गरी भएको सडक विस्तारले हाम्रा नीति–निर्माताहरूको सांस्कृतिक दरिद्रता र हेपाहापनलाई नै उजागर गरेको छ ।

भारतीय राष्ट्रिय कांग्रेसको अध्यक्षमा मल्लिकार्जुन खड्गे निर्वाचित दलित समुदायका खड्गे कर्नाटका राज्यका बासिन्दा हुन् । ८० वर्षका खड्गे ...... उनले पार्टीलाई पुनर्संरचना गर्ने बताएका छन् । केन्द्रमा कम्तीमा आधा नेताहरू ५० वर्षभन्दा कम उमेरका हुने पनि बताएका छन् ।
नारायणकाजीको टिप्पणी- 'कहिलेकाहीँ कांग्रेस एउटा हैन, ३ पार्टीजस्तो लाग्छ'
पञ्चायतदेखि गणतन्त्रसम्म सूर्यबहादुर कसरी सर्वस्वीकार्य? ‘मेरा नौ दशक : पाँच व्यवस्था, पाँच राजा र पाँचपटक प्रधानमन्त्री’ ........ त्यहाँ उपस्थित प्रधानमन्त्री शेरबहादुर देउवाले मात्र स्वर्गीय थापाको प्रशंसा गरेनन्, माओवादी अध्यक्ष पुष्पकमल दाहाल प्रचण्डले पछिल्लोपटक राजनीतिक अभिभावकको अनुभूति गरेको सुनाउन भ्याए। ....... पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री डा. बाबुराम भट्टराईले संविधान निर्माण प्रक्रियाको पछिल्लो कालखण्डमा संवाद र सहमतिका सन्दर्भमा थापालाई राजनीतिक गुरु नै मानेको बताए। पूर्वप्रधानमन्त्री माधवकुमार नेपाल र झलनाथ खनालले पनि थापाको मुक्तकण्ठले प्रशंसा गरे। पञ्चायतदेखि गणतन्त्रसम्म नेपाली राजनीतिको शीर्ष स्थानमा रहेका र सधैँ परिवर्तनलाई आत्मसात् गरेका, उदारवादी सोचका हिमायती थापालाई उनको निधनपछि मात्र होइन, उनी जीवित छँदा पनि राजनीतिक वृत्तले आत्मसात् गरेको थियो । उनी यस्ता सर्वस्वीकार्य राजनीतिक पात्र थिए, जसको निमन्त्रणामा राजनीतिका चार दिशातिर फर्केका दलका नेता सहज रूपमा मालीगाउँ पुग्थे र राजनीतिक दीक्षा लिन्थे। ........ डेढ दशक लगाएर तयार भएको पुस्तक उनका छोरा सुनीलबहादुर थापा, नाति सिद्धार्थ थापाको अनवरत जोडबलमा प्रकाशित भएको छ। ...... किताब लेखनमा संलग्न भएका लेखकले ०६५ बाट करिब चार वर्ष तीन सय १० घन्टा कुराकानी गरी पुस्तक तयार भएको थियो। ....... थापाले राजा महेन्द्र, वीरेन्द्र र ज्ञानेन्द्रको कार्यकालमा पाँचपटक प्रधानमन्त्री बन्ने अवसर पाए। उनले दोस्रोपटक निर्वाचित संविधानसभाको पनि ज्येष्ठ सदस्यका हैसियतले अध्यक्षता गर्न भ्याए। उनी राप्रपाको संस्थापक नेता थिए। पञ्चायतकालमा पनि उदार छवि बनाएका थिए। उनी जीवनको आखिरीसम्म भारतीय संस्थापन पक्षले विश्वास गरेका शीर्ष नेपाली नेता थिए। जानकारहरूका अनुसार राजा महेन्द्रले ‘देशलाई अप्ठेरो पर्दा सूर्यबहादुरलाई सम्झिनु’ भनी छोरानातिलाई भनेका थिए जसका कारण राजा वीरेन्द्र र ज्ञानेन्द्रको संकटको अवस्थामा उनको साथ लिएका थिए। तर, पञ्चायतमा राजा वीरेन्द्रले उनलाई जेलमा राखेका थिए भने ०६१ माघ १९ को सक्रिय कदमपछि राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रले थापालाई घरमै नजरबन्दमा राखेका थिए। ........ ०१७ सालमा राजाले निर्दलीय व्यवस्था लागू गरेपछिको मन्त्रिपरिषदमा उनी मन्त्री बनाइए। किताबमा थापाले नै राजा महेन्द्रको शाही सम्बोधन मस्यौदा गरेर बुझाएको उल्लेख छ। पञ्चायत र बहुदल समयमा थापा सत्तामा जाने र बाहिरिने क्रम चलिरह्यो। ०३६ को जनमतसंग्रहमा निर्दललाई विजयी गराउने उद्देश्यका लागि राजा वीरेन्द्रले उनलाई प्रधानमन्त्री बनाएका थिए। थापाले आफ्नो मिसन पूरा गरेका थिए। त्यतिवेला निर्दलीय पञ्चायत जिताउने उनको अभियानमा स्वर्गीय नेता गजेन्द्रनारायण सिंह तथा हालका पूर्वमन्त्रीहरू हृदयेश त्रिपाठी, राजेन्द्र महतोलगायतले साथ दिएका थिए। .......... ०४६ मा आन्दोलन सुरु भएपछि फागुन २४ गते थापाले कांग्रेस र वाममोर्चासँग सरकारले वार्ता गर्नुपर्ने सुझाव राजालाई दिएका थिए। ०३५ सालमा नेकपाका संस्थापक महासचिव पुष्पलालको अस्तु शोभाभगवतीमा ल्याउँदा थापा त्रिभुवन विमानस्थलदेखि शोभाभगवतीसम्म शवयात्रामा सहभागी भएका थिए। ०२८ सालमा सुधारिएको पञ्चायतका पक्षमा काठमाडौंको इटुम्बहालमा भाषण गर्दा थापाले १४ महिना जेल बस्नुपर्‍याे। ........ ०४२ मा राजा वीरेन्द्रले राजीनामा दिन आग्रह गर्दा थापाले अस्वीकार गरेका थिए। राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायतबाट निर्वाचित भएर आएका थापाले प्रक्रियाबाटै सरकार ढाल्न राजारानीलाई चुनौती दिएका थिए। ........ ०५४ सालमा कांग्रेसको समर्थनमा प्रधानमन्त्री भएका थिए। ०६० सालमा उनले राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रबाट प्रधानमन्त्री पद स्वीकार गरे। ......... त्यतिवेला थापाले राणालाई सार्वजनिक रूपमा ‘राणाको छोरा हो भने सात दल (नेपाली कांग्रेस, एमालेसहित)सँग मिलेर सरकार ढाल्नुस्’ भनेका थिए। राणाले पनि सार्वजनिक रूपमा थापा बगाले थापा होइन भन्ने टिप्पणी गरेका थिए। ........... थापाका नाति सिद्धार्थले बताएअनुसार ०५१ मा मनमोहन अधिकारी नेतृत्वको सरकार गठन भएपछि अविश्वासको प्रस्ताव ल्याउने विषयमा छलफल गर्न धेरैपटक कांग्रेस नेता गिरिजाप्रसाद कोइराला मालीगाउँ पुगेका थिए। गिरिजाबाबुले त्यहाँ ५५५ चुरोट पिएका थिए। गिरिजाबाबुबारे सूर्यबहादुरको टिप्पणी हुनेगर्थ्याे, ‘गिरिजाबाबुसँग राजनीतिक एड्भेन्चर गर्ने क्षमता छ। .............. पञ्चायतमा दुई धार थियो– एउटा डा. तुल्सी गिरी, अर्को सूर्यबहादुर थापा। डा. गिरीको भनाइ थियो, ‘राजा प्रजातान्त्रिक वा संवैधानिक हुँदैनन्, उनी राजा नै हुन्छन्। जनताप्रति जिम्मेवार हुन्छन्। पञ्चायतमा राजाको सक्रियताभन्दाबाहेक विकल्प छैन।’ थापाको भनाइ थियो, ‘पञ्चायत भनेको राजनीतिक प्रणाली हो। त्यसअन्तर्गत राजतन्त्र हो। अर्थात् प्रणालीअन्तर्गत हो राजतन्त्र। राजा सिस्टमभन्दा माथि हो।’ .......... ०१७ को कदमका मस्यौदाकार थापालाई ०६१ माघमा राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रले दरबारमा निम्ता गरे। त्यतिवेलासम्म राजाले सक्रिय शासन सुरु गरिसकेका थिएनन्। त्यसवेला राजाले टेकओभर गर्ने हल्ला चलिरहेको थियो। तर, राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रले थापालाई आश्वासन दिएका थिए, ‘म टेकओभर गर्दिनँ।’ .......... दरबारबाट फर्केपछि जिज्ञासामा उनले नाति सिद्धार्थलाई सुनाए, ‘राजाबाट टेकओभर हुँदैन।’ ........ शाहीघोषणा भइरहँदा झ्याल नभएका निजी नम्बर प्लेटका प्रहरीका दुईवटा भ्यान रोकिए। सिद्धार्थका अनुसार इन्स्पेक्टरले थापालाई भन्यो, ‘हजुरलाई नजरबन्दको आदेश छ।’ उनी १४ दिन घरमा नजरबन्दमा बस्नुपर्‍याे। ........... राजाको प्रत्यक्ष शासनकै बीचमा थापा भारत भ्रमणमा गए। साथमा नाति सिद्धार्थलाई पनि उनले लगेका थिए। राजाले शासन लिएपछिको अवस्थामा अरू राजनीतिक पार्टी र माओवादीसँगै आउन सक्ने विश्लेषण भारतीय नेतृत्वलाई सुनाएका थिए। ......... राजा मोटर चढ्न लाग्दा सूर्यबहादुरले भन्न भ्याए, ‘एक–दुई दिनमा सत्ता छाडिदिने हो भने सरकारलाई केही स्पेस होला। ढिलो भयो भने म सिस्टम कोल्याप्स हुने अवस्था देख्दै छु।’ राजाको रेस्पोन्स केही रहेन। अन्ततः कांग्रेसले पनि राजा छाडिदियो। गणतन्त्र आयो। ......... राजसंस्था गइसकेपछि पनि पूर्वराजासँग थापाको कुराकानी हुन्थ्यो। थापाको सधैँ सल्लाह थियो, ‘विवादमा नआईकन चुपचाप बस्नु राम्रो हुन्छ। .......... पूर्वराजालाई सूर्यबहादुरको सधैँ सन्देश हुन्थ्यो, ‘समयको विपक्षमा कोही नजाऔँ। समयले सबै कुरा तय गर्छ।’ ......... उनको विश्लेषणमा राजा महेन्द्र तीक्ष्ण बुद्धि, परिस्थिति बुझेका राजा थिए। ‘एउटै कुरामा सधैँभरि अडान लिने बानी थिएन। परिस्थितिअनुसार अडान पनि परिवर्तन गर्थे। पौराणिककालमा रामचन्द्र र कृष्णको पनि पक्ष र विपक्ष छन्। ........ उनको नजरमा राजा वीरेन्द्र भद्र, सुसंस्कृत थिए। ‘राजा वीरेन्द्र डेमोक्य्राट थिए। उनी नवयुवक भएका वेला दरबारमा कर्मचारीका बीचमा मैले काम गरेँ। त्यस्तो वातावरणमा पनि उनी असल र प्रजातान्त्रिक विचारका थिए,’ थापाले भनेका थिए। राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रलाई क्षमतावान्, तर कुरा नबुझ्ने राजाका रूपमा उनले चित्रण गरेका थिए। ज्ञानेन्द्रबारे थापाको भनाइ थियो, ‘मान्छे इन्टेलिजन्ट छन् उनी। राजप्रतिनिधि परिषदमा प्रस्तुत हुने सबै एजेन्डाका बारेमा उनी पूर्वतयारी गरेर आउँथे। उनलाई भेट्न गएका प्रधानमन्त्री तयारी नगरी जाने हो भने पटकपटक बेबकुफ हुनेपर्ने थियो। मलाई पनि अप्ठेरोमा पार्थे ज्ञानेन्द्रले। जब कि म धेरै तयारी गरेर गएको हुन्थेँ।

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