Thursday, August 31, 2006

Hamas, Hezbollah, Maoist


In Moriarty's Defense

Moriarty is not for or against a constiutional monarchy in Nepal. He respectfully says that is a decision for the Nepali people to take.

And he makes it clear it is for the Nepali people to decide if they want the Maoists in an interim government or not. It is just that if the Maoists do join the interim government without disarming, US law says the US will not give any aid to that government. Moriarty did not design that law. The US Congress did. As someone working for the US government, it is his job to make sure that law gets respected. It is called professionalism.

Moriarty perhaps happens to be the top specialist in the US foreign policy establishment when it comes to ultra left groups. The Maoists are not only an ultra left group, they are perhaps the top ultra left group in the world today. If you have heart problems, it makes sense to lend your ears to a heart specialist, especially when he respectfully insists the decision making powers stay with you. Moriarty is a heart specialist.

Let The Seven Parties Judge The Maoists

The seven parties owe it to the people to judge the Maoists. Do they trust the Maoists? Do they not trust the Maoists? What does trusting the Maoists mean?

The idea here is not to please Moriarty or Mukherjee. I don't get the impression either is trying to get pleased at any personal level. Both just want peace and democracy for Nepal, that's all.

The seven parties are best positioned to judge the Maoists. Are their cadres allowed into all villages to do political work? If not, Prachanda should be kicked out of Kathmandu.

Both Sides Have Deviated From The 12 Point Agreement

A federal republic has been guaranteed: enough parties are for the idea. So the Maoists should stop suggesting the seven party alliance is trying to keep the monarchy, or that it is against restructuring the state.

The key issue is arms management. Both armies have to be put into barracks. What that means is there should not be any armed Maoists roaming around anywhere. I am alarmed by the talk of some kind of a militia overseeing the elections. Is that the Maoist way of saying they do not trust the people to vote for them if armed Maoists are not around?

The Maoists may not participate in any elections as a parallel state. The electoral contest is going to have to be between political parties.

The Maoists Are Going To Have To Make Up Their Mind

Either they have come around to multi-party democracy, rule of law and human rights, or they have not. That multi-party democracy could be one where the political parties are state funded. But power through the barrel of a gun is over for good.

The Seven Parties Have To Deliver On Social Justice

How do they propose to restructure all organs of the state to include the so far excluded DaMaJaMa? Why will they not compete with the Maoists on that political agenda?

On The Web

Wikipedia - Hamas Hamas' charter (written in 1988 and still in force) calls for the destruction of the State of Israel and its replacement with a Palestinian Islamic state in the area that is now Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. ...... When Hamas took control, the Palestinian territories experienced a period of sharp internal conflicts, known as Fauda (anarchy), in which many Palestinians were killed in internecine fighting. ..... Hamas - Council on Foreign Relations Hamas is the largest and most influential Palestinian militant movement. In January 2006, the group won the Palestinian Authority's (PA) general legislative elections, defeating Fatah, the party of the PA's president, Mahmoud Abbas, and setting the stage for a power struggle. Since attaining power, Hamas has continued its refusal to recognize the state of Israel, leading to crippling economic sanctions. Hamas maintained a cease-fire brokered in March 2005 until June 9, 2006, when it ended the truce after reports that errant Israeli shell killed several civilians on a Gaza beach.
ICT - Hamas
HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement)
MidEast Web - Hamas Charter
ham as - hamas - hamas.org
BBC NEWS | In Depth | Israel and the Palestinians | Profiles | Who ... Hamas does not recognise the right of Israel to exist. ..... The grass-roots organisation - with a political and a military wing - has an unknown number of hard-core members but tens of thousands of supporters and sympathisers. ..... The leadership of the organisation has long been divided, with some emphasising Hamas' eventual absorption into the political scene as a legitimate opposition party.
Hamas - The New York Times

Wikipedia - Hezbollah a Shia Islamist political party in Lebanon, comprising a militia and extensive front programs for social development ....... It originally sought to bring the Islamic Revolution to Lebanon, and wanted to transform Lebanon's multi-confessional state into an Iranian-style Islamic state. According to a BBC analysis, "This idea was eventually abandoned and the party today is a well-structured political organisation with members of parliament". It continues to call for the elimination of “the Zionist entity” (i.e. The State of Israel), a founding objective of the organization.
Council on Foreign Relations - Hezbollah
BBC News - Who are Hezbollah? Hezbollah - or Party of God - emerged in Lebanon in the early 1980s and became the region's leading radical Islamic movement, determined to drive Israeli troops from Lebanon. ..... the idea that the whole of Palestine is occupied Muslim land and it has argued that Israel has no right to exist. ..... The party was long supported by Iran, which provided it with arms and money. ..... For many years, Hezbollah was synonymous with terror, suicide bombings and kidnappings. In 1983, militants who went on to join Hezbollah ranks carried out a suicide bombing attack that killed 241 US marines in Beirut. ..... Over the two decades, Hezbollah evolved into a movement with thousands of trained guerrillas, members of parliament and a dynamic welfare programme benefiting thousands of Lebanese. ..... While, the US listed the group as a terrorist organisation, the government in Beirut declared it a national resistance movement.
BBC NEWS | Middle East | Who are Hezbollah?
HIZBOLLAH.ORG
Global Security.org - Hizballah / Hizbollah / Hizbullah ...
Hezbollah News - The New York Times
Hezbollah
CNN.com - Hezbollah: Violence Mixed with Social Mission

Maoism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia On February 13, 1996 it launched what it refers to as the "Nepalese People's War", and it now controls much of the country. Its work was crucial to overthrowing the monarchy and as part of a general reconciliation process the party is entering the political mainstream of Nepal"New Democracy"....... The CPN (M) is a member of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement and the Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organizations of South Asia. ...... In 2006 the CPN (M) signed a 12 point agreement with the Seven Party Alliance in order to further the Loktantra Andolan. Following this, a three month ceasefire was declared yet the process of 'forced donations' is alleged to be continuing. ...... Although the Maoists say that they are liberating the population from the caste system, giving women equal rights, and overthrowing an oppressive monarchy, critics point to alleged human rights abuses such as extrajudicial killings and conscription at gunpoint. To the poor masses of Nepal, however, the Maoists' social work and proposal of introducing socialism have been welcomed by immense popular support that at least calls into question allegations of excessive violence and human rights abuses.
Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Maoist Internationalist Movement
BBC NEWS | World | South Asia | Who are Nepal's Maoist rebels?
This site is operated by Communist Party Of Nepal(Maoist),central ...
Nepal Terrorist Groups - Maoist Insurgents
Communist Party of India-Maoist (CPI-Maoist) - Left Wing Extremism ...
THE MAOIST PROBLEM

In The News

Rayamajhi hints at 'timely' questioning of King NepalNews “People’s awareness level is very high this time around. .... The King would be interrogated as the chairman of then Council of Ministers, not as the head of state .....
High-level commission grills King Gyanendra’s principal secretary
Strong connection between Nepal and Japan before establishment of diplomatic ties: Hiraoka
Students set ablaze central department of Education Police had to use force to disperse the students as they tried to block the fire brigade from putting off the fire. ...... Angry students also set ablaze the department two years back citing similar reasons. US envoy compares armed Maoists with Hezbollah and Hamas In a letter to the editor carried by The Kathmandu Post daily on Thursday, ambassador Moriarty said," The recent experience of Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in Palestine suggests strongly that armed-groups within a government will pursue their own agenda, no matter what the cost to the people or to the broader national good." ....... The US ambassador said the Nepalis themselves must decide whether the armed Maoists should join the (interim) government or not. "In doing so, Nepalis will need to ask themselves whether armed-Maoists within a government would follow democratic norms or would seek to intimidate the other members of the government" ..... "Similarly, Nepalis will have to ask whether it will be possible to have a free and fair election if the Maoists retain their weapons and their ability to intimidate the average voter." .......
Pregnant woman dies in Maoist captivity

Russia Played Key Role in Secret Nepal Arms Deal — Report MOSNEWS, Russia On Aug 8, someone called Alexei Afanisiev wrote to Indian civil aviation authorities from an address in New Delhi seeking permission for a Russian AN-12 aircraft to land in Mumbai for refueling. The aircraft was carrying cargo that was classified as “dangerous goods”. Afanisiev said it comprised aircraft equipment and anti-aircraft missiles ....... Two western manufacturers had sold the cache to the Nepal Army. Sue Orsha of Belarus and Emco Ltd in Sofia, Bulgaria, were the consigners whereas the intended recipient was the Master General of Ordnance of Nepal Army. ...... The arms cache incident occurs almost a year after King Gyanendra’s foreign minister Ramesh Nath Pandey visited Russia in October 2005.
Nepal king's aide denies role in killing activists Reuters AlertNet, UK "I had no role in the suppression. I only worked as a bridge between His Majesty and constitutional organs" ..... It has so far questioned more than 200 people including ministers in the ousted royalist government, army generals and senior police officers. ..... Most of them blamed the royalist government of the day for the crackdown, panel members say.
936 people remain missing in Nepal conflict: Rights group Hindustan Times, India
Nepal welcomes China's plan to extend Tibetan railway to Nepalese ... People's Daily Online, China
Over 2500 Disappeared by State, Rebels in Nepal Nepal human Rights News, Nepal
OHCHR Calls Govt, Maoists To Clarify Fate of Missing PeopleHimalayan Times

Oli requests China to open Keyrong entry point, allow flights to Mt Kailash Kantipur Publications
After inundation, locals of Bardia hit by starvation
Party unification a publicity stunt, says Deuba the "much hyped" party unification was nothing but a hoax promoted for cheap publicity. ...... "I don't think spreading rumors and hitting the headlines in newspapers are enough for unification between two parties" ...... "I am not against unification but Girijababu's (NC President Girija Prasad Koirala's) heart should be big enough to match his stature, age and past history" ..... "If it is respectful, there is going to be unification of feelings. Otherwise, it will be nothing but a repetition of conspiracies, betrayals and divisions.' .....
OHCHR calls on govt, Maoists to clarify whereabouts of missing people
माओवादी बैठक जारी शान्ति वार्तालाई कसरी अगाडि लैजाने, संसद् विघटनपछि अन्तरिम सरकारको गठन कसरी गर्ने, राज्यको पुनर्संरचना कसरी गर्नेजस्ता एजेन्डा बैठकमा छन् । सात राजनीतिक दल र सरकारसँग सम्पन्न भएका १२ बुँदे र ८ बुँदे समझदारी र सम्झौताप्रति प्रतिबद्ध हुँदै मुलुकमा शान्ति, प्रगति र लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र स्थापना गर्ने जनइच्छा पूरा गर्न जस्तोसुकै त्याग गर्ने दृढता व्यक्त गर्दै बैठक सुरु भएको हो । वार्तालाई यथावत् राख्दै नयाँ संघर्षका कार्यक्रमसमेत माओवादीले अघि सार्न सक्ने सम्भावना पनि एकथरीले व्यक्त गरेका छन् । बैठकमा अन्तरिम संविधानको अन्तर्वस्तु, संसद् विघटन, संविधानसभाको मुद्दालाई समेत माओवादीले आफ्नो प्राथमिकतामा पारेको पार्टी स्रोतले जनायो ।
मेलम्ची सुचारु हुने
पार्टी एकीकरण झूटो प्रचार ः देउवा
कर्मचारीको जञ्जालमा सरकार
प्रतिक्रान्तिको जालोमा नेताहरू
जताततै फोन
भूमि बाहिर हिसिला भारतको कानपुरस्थित 'आइआइटी' बाट उच्च शिक्षा हासिल गरेर नेपाल फर्किदा .... ४६ वषर्ीया हिसिला ..... त्यसबेला उनी महिलावादी पत्रिका 'मानुषी' सँग सम्बद्ध भैसकेकी थिइन्, जहाँ माक्र्सवादीहरूको जमघट हुन्थ्यो । ..... काठमाडौंको सम्पन्न घरानामा जन्मिएकी हिसिला परिवारकी कान्छी छोरी हुन् । ..... दिल्लीको 'स्कुल अफ प्लानिङ एन्ड आर्किटेक्चर' मा स्नातक ..... चण्डीगढबाट बीई आर्किटेक्चर सकेर दिल्ल्ाीमा उही कलेजमा भर्ना भएका बाबुराम भट्टराईसँग हिसिलाको पहिलो भेट छात्रावासको खाना खाने मेचमा भएको थियो । दुवैबीच परिचय भयो, हिसिलाका पिताका बारेमा उनीभन्दा बाबुरामलाई धेरै जानकारी रहेछ । बाबुरामले नै उनका पिता राजनीतिमा आबद्ध छन् भनेर बताए । त्यतिखेर उनी छक्क परिन् । त्यसअघि बुवा राजनीतिमा संलग्न भएको कुरा उनलाई थाहा थिएन । ....... अखिल भारतीय नेपाली विद्यार्थी संघ ...... त्यतिखेर संघका अध्यक्ष बाबुराम थिए भने महासचिव हिसिला थिइन् । .... बाबुरामले बताए, 'त्यो राजनैतिक सहकार्य र एउटै कलेज, एउटै होस्टल आदिका कारण हामीहरूबीच वैचारिक परिपक्वतामा प्रेम चल्यो, अनि विवाह गर्‍यौं ।' ...... डा. बाबुराम भट्टराई 'नेपाली एकता' पत्रिकामा काम गरेर डेरा र्फकने क्रममा पछाडिबाट मोटरले हिर्काएकाले ४८ घन्टासम्म बेहोस भए । त्यो बेला हिसिलाले ठूलो सहयोग गरेकी थिइन् । त्यसपछि उनीहरूबीचको सम्बन्ध प्रगाढ हुँदै गयो । २०३७ सालमा भारतमा उनीहरूको विवाह भएको थियो । ....... दिल्लीको पढाइ सकेर हिसिला काठमाडौं आइन् । लगत्तै इन्स्िटच्युट अफ इन्जिनियरिङ क्याम्पस पुल्चोकमा पढाउन थालिन् । त्यहाँ झन्डै १३ वर्षसम्म पढाइन् । क्याम्पसमा प्राध्यापन गरे पनि उनको राजनैतिक क्यारियर भने चालू नै थियो । ०३७ सालमा नेकपा -मसाल) को सदस्यता पाएपछि उनी यसमा अझ कटिबद्ध भएर लागिन् । ०४६ साल भदौमा तीजको पूजा गर्न पशुपति गएकी रानी ऐश्वर्याको गाडीमा ढुंगा बर्साउँदा हिसिला केही दिन पक्राउ परेकी थिइन् । ...... ०५२ फागुन १ गतेदेखि नेकपा माओवादीले दीर्घकालीन जनयुद्धको उद्घोष गरेपछि हिसिला आफ्ना पति बाबुराम भट्टराईसँगै भूमिगत भइन् । ...... त्यतिखेर बाबुराम संयुक्त जनमोर्चा नेपालका अध्यक्ष थिए भने हिसिला अखिल नेपाल महिला संघ -क्रान्तिकारी) की अध्यक्ष । ..... 'सुरु-सुरुमा त गार्‍हो भयो । शिक्षण पेसामा थिएँ, पैसा आउँथ्यो, त्यसैले घरपरिवार चलाउँथे त्ार भूमिगत हुँदा सार्वजनिक रूपमा हिड्न नपाइने, बाहिरी दुनियाँ देख्न नपाइने भएकाले केही अप्ठ्यारो महसुस भयो । पछि बानी पर्दै गयो, यसैमा रमाउन थालें ।' ....... १० वर्षे जनयुद्धका दौरान हिसिलाको अधिकांश समय भारतमा बित्यो ..... भारतमा छँदा उनी माओवादीको मुखपत्र मासिक पत्रिका 'दी वर्कर' को सम्पादन गर्थिन् । पार्टीसँग सम्बन्धित विभिन्न सँचनाहरू अनुवाद गरेर वेवसाइटमा राख्नेदेखि विश्वभरि फैलाउनु उनको दायित्य थियो । बीचबीच्ामा नेपाल आउने-जाने क्रम चलिरहन्थ्यो । ०६१ भदौमा भएको रोल्पाको फुन्टिवाङ बैठकपछि बाबुराम र हिसिला हिँडेरै गोर्खा पुगेका थिए । यो त्यही बैठक हो, जतिखेर बाबुराम र प्रचण्डबीच तीव्र विवाद भएको थियो । ........ छोरी मानुषी यमी भट्टराई पनि बाबुआमालाई भेट्न बीपीनगर आइपुगिन् । २० वषर्ीया मानुषी अहिले दिल्लीस्थित एक कलेजमा राजनीति शास्त्र अध्ययन गर्दैछिन् । ...... 'प्रतिक्रियावादीहरूले भन्छन्, बाबुरामले छोरीलाई बेलायत पढाइरहेका छन् । यथार्थ त्यो होइन । उनी भारतमा पढ्दैछिन्, पार्टीको संगठनमा आबद्ध छिन्, उनी कहिलेकाहीँ पार्टीको डकुमेन्टको भाषा अनुवाद गर्न मलाई सघाइरहेकी छिन् ।' ...... बेलायत जाँदा ... त्यहाँको स्कुलमा मानुषीलाई भर्ना गर्दा पाकिस्तानी भनेर उसलाई निकाल्न दबाब दिइएको थियो, पछि अर्कै स्कुलमा भर्ना गर्नुपर्‍यो । त्यहाँ पनि हामीहरू भेदभावको सिकार भएका थियौं ...... 'बरु बाबुरामजी अन्तर्मुखी स्वभावको मान्छे । म बारम्बार भन्थंे, अलिकति वाइड हुनुपर्‍यो, अलिकति हाँसिदिनुपर्‍यो, भेटिदिनुपर्‍यो मान्छेसँग, सोसलाइज हुनुपर्‍यो । मलाई गौरव लाग्छ, अहिले बाबुराम जसरी हँास्नुहुन्छ, ओपन देखिनुहुन्छ, त्यसमा मेरो पनि भूमिका छ ।' ......बाबुरामको अनभुव छ, 'सानैदेखि भारतमा पढेकीले पहिले प्रस्ट नेपाली बोल्न आउँदैनथ्यो । त्यतिखेर हामीहरू माया-प्रेमका कुरा पनि अंग्रेजीमै गथ्र्यौं ।'..... हिसिलाको जवाफ थियो, म जहाँ पढेँ, त्यो एकदमै धनी मान्छे पढ्ने ठाउँ हो । कार चढेर पढ्न आउँथे त्यहाँ । फेरि ०४६ सालको जनआन्दोलनपछि हामी अमेरिकालगायत थुप्रै मुलुक घुम्यौं । ...... उनले आफ्ना पति बाबुरामसँग मिलेर 'माक्र्सवाद र महिला मुक्ति' पुस्तक पनि लेखेकी छिन् ।

How To Avoid An October Revolution


Maoists Are Serious

The Maoist threat of an October Revolution has to be taken seriously. Such an undertaking on their part has the potential of taking the country's politics into uncharted territory. I do think they have the capacity for mass mobilization. They are militarily as strong as ever, stronger than ever. I don't think their preparatory work for mass mobilization is mere posturing before the scheduled summit talks.

Janadesh: Rumblings Of An October Revolution?

No Military Solution

The entire genius of the 12 point agreement was to realize there was no military solution to the conflict. It was a master stroke in the direction of a political solution. The seven parties should stay focused on the political solution.

Moriarty's Mistake

Moriarty Was Wrong On The 12 Point Agreement
Moriarty In The Soup
Baburam Moriarty Debate
Moriarty Deserves Your Ears
Moriarty's Irresponsible Mainstream
Maoist, Moriarty, Madhav, Manmohan: Get Behind The 3 Point Program
Moriarty Going The Bloomfield Route

Moriarty has been playing a spoiler. He never apologized for his total opposition to the 12 point agreement that was the bedrock of the April Revolution. Now he deals with the Nepal Army honchos in direct disrespect to a sovereign nation. Through his acts he is encouraging the Nepal Army to think it is independent of the seven party government.

Moriarty has made it less possible for the Maoists to seek a creative political solution to their own ideological baggage. The ambassador has a Cold War mentality. And the peace process in Nepal has been suffering.

When was the last time Girija Koirala met Madhav Nepal? When was the last time Girija Koirala met Moriarty? Girija does not have his priorities straight.

Moriarty's Compulsions

He is under tremendous pressure to prove his grad school training was worth it. And he is getting carried away by the Bush regime's terror rhetoric. Bush is a simple man. His world gets described in a few, simple strokes. You score points when you talk about terror. Maoists are terror.

He is also taking undue advantage of being a superpower ambassador in a small, poor country. He is being disrespectful through his direct interferences.

His what if I am right gets carried out in ways to actually end up making him right. Moriarty might be a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Even if Moriarty's worst fears are true, it is for the seven parties to fight the political fight. The US is in no position to aid a military defeat of the Maoists.

The emphasis has to be on the political solution. Moriarty does not get this point.

The South Dakota Event

Seven Party Steering Committee Needed

There has to be a steering committee to lead the government. One physically feeble Prime Minister secluded from his own seven party colleagues is too much responsibility in one person under the current circumstances.

Maoists' Mistake

Moriarty has to be proven wrong. The Maoists' repeated attempts to draw parallels between where they are now and where Lenin and Mao were before they got into power rightly raises suspicions. If they are trying to imitate Lenin and Mao, then it is not true they are committed to multi-party democracy, human rights and rule of law. And so they have already departed from the 12 point agreement.

What If The Worst Fears About The Maoists Are True

I don't think they are true. We should have stuck to the 12 point agreement.

But even they are true, the seven parties have to work on the political and the military fronts.

You engineer a total, civilian control of the army. Fire Katawal. That is a royalist.

You engage the Maoists in political struggle. You compete with them on social justice.

Worst Case Scenario For The Seven Parties

It is not that the Maoists might militarily take over. What if they do manage to get a whole bunch of people out in the streets with simple slogans like Democratic Republic Through Constituent Assembly?

How could the seven parties argue against that? How could Moriarty?

The Seven Parties' Blunder

It is that they have not offered competing maps for federalism. They have not offered competing versions of what a future Nepal Army should look like. I like the Security Sector Restructuring phrase. SSR.

The seven parties do not have a mechanism through which to take collective decisions. There is a major lack of clarity on their part on many different issues. It is that fudginess that is giving room for all sorts of unwelcome currents in the country's politics.

The Army Generals Are Jerks

They do signify the old order. They are too used to revering the monarchy. The army top brass has to be treated like the royal family. Prepare for their ouster. Do the legal work to that effect.

Focus On The Summit Talks

The Maoists and the seven parties are better off avoiding the so-called October Revolution. There is still a need for a unity between them. The regressive forces have not been totally defeated. They could benefit if the eight party unity broke down.

To Republic Through Referendum

It has already been decided. The eight parties have to agree on this one. I think they have. So the Maoists should stop harassing Girija on this topic. The country is going republic.

And with the UML and the Deuba Congress both for federalism, the country is also going federal.

Federal Republic Guaranteed

Key Issue: Arms Management

So the key issue really is arms management.

Arms Management: Break It Down Into Smaller Pieces

That is the primary obstacle to peace, democracy and progress. All eight parties have to take responsibility and get down to work.

October Revolution: Not A Good Maoist Option

Should it end up an armed revolution, the Maoists will have invited chaos, for the country as well as themselves. They will have gone back to their dogmatic ways of when they were gunning for a communist republic.

Janadesh: Rumblings Of An October Revolution?
Arms Management, Money Management
Time For A New Nepali Congress
Prachanda: Not In Tune With The April Revolution
Critiquing The Interim Constitution
Prachanda: Frank Or Scary?
Between The Maoists And The Congress

Interim Parliament: 101 Members Total
Interim Bureaucracy
My Work In The Ideas Department Is Complete

Gurung Not Katawal For Army Chief
Who Will Tie The Bell Round The Cat's Neck
Language Policy
5 Weeks, 4 Weeks
Alliance, GFIPN: Audio, Video

The Next Revolution Will Be At The Ballot Box
Political Synthesis Nepali Style
Masterful Political Work: Compromise Takes Guts
Federal Republic Guaranteed
Mainstream Jay Krishna Goit Also
Arms Management: Break It Down Into Smaller Pieces
April Convention: Creating A Glowing Core
Baburam Bhattarai, Janadesh Article
What Is The SPA Report On The Maoists?
Fire Some Generals
Girija, Resign
Interim Monarchy, Interim Army, Interim Parliament

Janadesh: Rumblings Of An October Revolution?



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em08f / Aofg/n] /ftfDd] ag]sf] w/fg ahf/sf] dfemdf ;DkGg pQm ;Dd]ngsf] k|d'v cltly g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ k"jL{ sdf08 O~rfh{ s=afbn x'g'x'GYof] eg] sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf eQm/fh sGbª\ujfn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltly s=afbnn] k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf lj?4 jL/tfk"j{s n8]sf] g]kfnsf pTkLl8t hfltdWo] dxfg\ hflt ls/ftL k"j{sf ;]/ x'g\ eGg' x'“b} pQm ;Dd]ng ls/ft d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf] sf];]9'+uf ;fljt x'g] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ;Dd]ngsf] ;kmntfsf] nflu cWoIf s=k|r08 / k"jL{ sdf08sf] tk{maf6 z'esfdgf lbg'x'“b} ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ cf–cfmgf sdLsdhf]/Lsf] 7Ls–7Ls 9+un] ;dLIff u/L /fhg}lts / j}rfl/s lx;fan] dfly p7L, gof“ ljrf/sf] k|ltjfbg;lxt gof“ g]t[Tjsf] rog ug{] ck]Iff cfk"mn] lnPsf] s'/f atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
pxf“n] jt{dfg /fhg}lts l:yltsf] af/] k|i6 kfb{} g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ljsf;sf d'Vo afwsx? ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfb x'g\ eGg'x'“b} hftLo, lnËLo, If]qLo cflb d'lQmsf] d'Vo b'Zdg /fhtGq g} xf] eGg'eof] . bz jif{] hgo'4 / ut !( lbg] hgcfGbf]ngdfkm{t\ gof“ u0ftflGqs g]kfnsf] hGd x'g nfu]sf]df g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf / alnbfgnfO{ s'Nrb} ;fd|fHojfbL Ajf;f / lu2x? gof“ u0ftGq g]kfn?kL lzz'sf] xTof ug{] uDeL/ if8oGq ub{}5g\ eGb} To;sf] k|ltjfbdf gof“ k|lta4tf / ;+sNk lnP/ ;a} hfUg'kg{] atfpg'eof] .
s=afbnn] jt{dfg /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgfy{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{n] clk|n y]l;;sf] ?kdf NofPsf] 5 eGg'x'“b} qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ / g]t[Tj b]v]/ g} ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbLx? cft+lst ag]sf x'g\ eGg'eof] . jt{dfg kf6L{n] lnPsf] sfo{gLlt zflGt / ljb|f]x ePsf] hgfp“b} olb zflGtdf hf“bf ljb|f]xnfO{ k"0f{t la;{g' eg]sf] Tof] ;'wf/jfbdf km:g' xf] eGg'x'“b} pxf“n] olb jftf{dfkm{t\ zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] /fhg}lts lgsf; lgsfNg] cfk\mgf] kf6L{nufot cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfsf+IFfdfly s'7f/f3ft ul/G5 eg] ca ;z:q ljb|f]x x'g] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . pxf“n] ljutsf hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ cGttM ;fdGtjfb;+usf] ;Demf}tfdf 6'+UofOPsf] atfpg'x'“b} ca jftf{, hgcfGbf]ng / hgo'4nfO{ k\mo'hg ub{} cufl8 a9\g'kg{] s'/f atfpg'eof] . xfn;Dd jftf{sf] df]rf{ vf]lnPsf] t/ ca l5§} hgcfGbf]ngsf] df]rf{ vf]Ng tof/L /x]sf] atfp“b} pxf“n] olb ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf Ozf/fdf g]kfnL hgtfdfly if8oGq hf/L /fv]df hgo'4sf] df]rf{ klg vf]Ng] pb\3f]if ug{'eof] .
/fHo;Qfdflysf] clwsf/ k|flKt eGbf tn em/]/ ;Demf}tf ug{'eg]sf] cfTd;dk{0fjfb xf] eGg'x'“b} s=afbnn] hftLo, If]qLo, lnËLo cflb lsl;dsf d'lQm cfGbf]ngnfO{ s;/L ljho;Dd k'¥ofpg] eGg] xn g]skf -dfcf]jfbl_n] lbPsf] 5 eGg'eof] . pxf“n] cGtdf ls/ft df]rf{n] ls/ftnfO{ dw]z;+u hf]8\g ;Sg'kb{5 / olb ls/ftn] cfk\mgf Ph]08fnfO{ dw]z;+u hf]8\g ;s]g eg] Tof] k[ystfjfbdf km:g] s'/f atfpg'eof] .
;Dd]ngn] >Lk|;fb hj]u'sf] g]t[Tjdf b'O{ ;b:o kl5 yKg] u/L !% ;b:oLo s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . h;df pkfWoIf qmddf gu]Gb|k|;fb lwdfn, l/a;L vDa', lzj/fh ;'g'jf/, dxf;lrjdf d'S;fjfË, d]Ëjf], ;lrj k|]ds'df/ leds, sf]iffWoIfdf jL/tf ofVrf x'g'x'G5 eg] ;b:ox?df qmdzM b]jfg vDa', an/fd /fO{, ljlgtf ls/ftL, OGb|snf dfcf]jf, /fds'df/ Oª\df]/d yfdk|;fb ;fªkfª x'g'x'G5 .
gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf hj]un] cfk"mn] kfPsf] lhDd]jf/L P]ltxfl;s cj;/ / r'gf}tL b'a} /x]sf] lhDdjf/L xf] eGgx'“b} cfOkg{] r'gf}tLx?nfO{ ;a} qmflGtsf/L tKsf hf] hftLo, If]qLo, lnËLo d'lQmsf vflt/ n8\g] ;a}sf] ;xof]udf xn ug{] atfp“b} qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ nfu" / ljsf; ub{} pTkLl8t hgtfsf d'lQmsf vflt/ n8\g]x?sf] g]t[Tj kfpg' cfk\mgf nflu ;'gf}nf] cj;/ ePsf] klg pxf“n] JoQm ug{'eof] . cfk"mn] ls/ft k|b]zleqsf cGo hfltx?sf d'lQmsf vflt/ gn8\g] qmflGtsf/L x'g g;Sg] dt /fVb} cWoIf hj]u'n] ;a} hfltx?sf] nflu ljz]ifflwsf/ lbOg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . ljutsf / jt{dfg ;/sf/n] ljb]zL zlQmx?sf] bnfnL u/]sf] 5 eGg'x'“b} pxf“n] ;fdGtL /fhtGqjfbLsf lj?4 nf]stGqjfbL zlQmx?aLr df]rf{ u7g u/L Jofks cGt/lqmof / ax;sf] yfngL u/]sf] hgfpg'eof] . nf]stflGqs u0ftGq lagf hftLo cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxtsf] :jfoQ zf;g k|fKt ug{] af6f]df cl3 a9\g g;Sg] hgfp“b} ;a} ls/ftLx?n] nf]stflGqs u0ftGq :yfkgf ug{] ljb|f]xdf ;xefuL x'g'kg{] atfpg'eof] .
;Dd]ng emfsL, afhfufhf;lxt cfPsf xhf/f}+ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf 3f]if0ff;ef u/L ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . 3f]if0ff;ef g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uf]kfn vDa', ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/nufot cGo JolQmTjx?sf] pkl:ylt lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} cltlyåon] jt{dfg /fhgLlts cj:yfsf] rrf{ ub{} ;Defljt ljb|f]xsf nflu tof/ /xg ;Dk"0f{ ls/ftjf;L hgtfnfO{ cfx\jfg ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

zflGtsf] a]nf o'4sf] k|lzIf0f
sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfndf zflGtjftf{ rln/x“bf ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf cfPsf] elgPsf] …g]kfnL ;]gfÚ s] ul//x]sf] xf]nf eGg] lh1f;f x'g;S5 . w]/}nfO{ nfUg;S5 pm ;/sf/sf] of]hgfcg';f/ yf]/} eP klg nf]stflGqs x'“b}xf]nf jf clxn] g]kfn k"/} af9L klx/f]n] u|:t x'“bf pm p4f/sf] tof/Ldf xf]nf .
t/ kf7sj[Gb † o:tf] ;f]lr/xg'ePsf] 5 eg] Tof] laNs'n unt x'g]5 . zfxL ;]gf g t s'g} nf]stflGqs/0fsf] kfOnf rNb}5 g t p4f/sf] tof/L ub{}5 . a? zfxL ;]gfsf jl/i7 hg{]nx? sf7df8f}+sf] dx“uf] xf6]ndf cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] tk{maf6 k|ltcft+sjfb tflnd lnO/x]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] …cd]l/sf Kofl;lkms sdf08Úaf6 cfPsf] Pp6f l6d tyf g]kfnl:yt cd]l/sL /fhb"tfjf;df sfo{/t sd{rf/L;d]tn] k|lzIf0f lbPsf] l;len ldln6/L /]:kf]G;];\ 6' 6]/f]l/Hd -;L;LPdcf/_ gfdsf] pQm sfo{zfnf aQL;k'tnLl:yt xf]6n åfl/sfhdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ebf} ^ ut]b]lv !) ut];dd rn]sf] pQm sfo{zfnfdf g]kfnL ;]gf, /Iff dGqfno / k|x/Lsf #@ hgf jl/i7 clwsf/Lx? ;xefuL ePsf lyP .
g]kfndf rln/x]sf] zflGtjftf{k|lt 3f]/ a]jf:tf / cgf:yf k|s6 ub{} ;DkGg ePsf] pQm sfo{zfnfsf] pb\3f6g ug{] qmddf /fhkl/ifb\sf k"j{ ;efklt s]z/h+u /fodfemLsf 5f]/f tyf zfxL ;]gfsf] la|u]l8o/ hg/n bLlnk /fodfemLn] dfcf]jfbLsf] gfd glnOsg g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s ;d:ofx?;+u h'‰g cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] ;xof]u cjfZos ePsf] dfq atfPsf lyPgg\ a? To:tf] ;xof]u k|fKt gePdf cfk"mx?n] s]xL ug{ g;Sg] atfPsf lyP . cd]l/sL ;]gfsf k|lzIfsn] ;d]t zflGtjftf{k|lt / jt{dfg kl/jlt{t kl/l:yltk|lt 3f]/ pk]Iff ub{} k|lzIf0fx? lbPsf 5g\ . cui6 @$ -ebf} ( ut]_sf] sfo{zfnfdf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ lbOPsf] k|lzIf0fkqsf] ;fdfGo ;Nnfx pkzLif{sdf …dflglnpm clxn]sf] /fhgLlts j:t'l:yltdf s'g} kl/jt{g ePsf] 5}gÚ, …jt{dfg /fhgLlts kl/l:yltsf ;Ldfx?nfO{ ufnL u/]/ ;do v]/ gkmfnÚ h:tf pQ]hs / jftf{sf] ;du| k|lqmof ljk/Lt s'/fx? pNn]v ul/Psf 5g\ . To;sf ;fy} pQm k|lzIf0fkqdf ;/sf/n] u|fdL0f txdf ;'/Iff, :yfloTj lbg g;s]sf] / s'g} klg If]qdf k|ult ug{ g;s]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L g]kfnL cl:dtf, :jfledfg, s'6g}lts dof{bf / jt{dfg jftf{ k|lqmofsf] kl/l:yltnfO{ 7f8} r'gf}tL lbO{ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg] cd]l/sL ;]gfsf clws[tx?df cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Kofl;lkms sdf08sf cjsfz k|fKt s0f{]n l6df]y x]g]ODofg, n]lk\m6g]G6 8\oflgPn ;L= r]i6, l;lgo/ ;fh{]G6 dfs{ P= hf]G;, l;lgo/ ;fh]{G6 a|fog P= 8\o"8 tyf cGo ljleGg kbsf clwsf/Lx? P8j8{ ;L= hf]hL{, kpn cfd{:6ǻ ;]nL kfnd/ / lqm:6f]km/ xf]nz]s /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] sfo{zfnfdf cd]l/sL /fhb"tfjf;sf] tkm{af6 n/]G; Pd= l:dy ;xefuL /x]sf lyP . cd]l/sL ;}Go clwsf/Lx?dWo] a|fog P= 8\o"8, dfs{ P= hf]G; / 8\oflgon ;L= r];/ yk tLg xKtf g]kfnd} /xL ;]gfsf Aof/]sx?sf] lg/LIf0f, zfxL ;]gfnfO{ yk k|lzIf0f lbg] sfo{qmd /x]sf] g]kfnL ;]gf lgs6 ;|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 .
;f] sfo{zfnfdf efu lng] g]kfnL ;]gfsf pRr clwsf/Lx?df la|u]l8o/ hg/n uf}/j zdz]/ ha/f, la|u]l8o/ hg/n nf]saxfb'/ yfkf du/, la|u]l8o/ hg/n g]kfne"if0f rGb, s0f{]n tf/faxfb'/ sfsL{, s0f{]n k|]dk|sfz yfkf, s0f{]n /ldGb| If]qL, n]lk\m6g]G6 s0f{]n gjhLt /f0ff, s[i0faxfb'/ /f0ff, lxdf+z' v8\sfnufot 5g\ . To;}u/L /Iff dGqfnoaf6 e"k]Gb| kf}8]n / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] pkTosf l8P;kL bLksl;+x yfªb]gnufot 5g\ .
zflGtjftf{df ;/sf/n] tyfslyt xltof/ Joj:yfkgsf] d'2fdf cQf] yflk/x“bf Psflt/ cd]l/sL ;]gfn] g]kfnL cl:dtfnfO{ ldRb} g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ …k|ltcft+sjfbÚsf] tflnd lbO/x]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsf] cd]l/sL ;f+;bx?sf] 6f]nL xltof/ gla;fP;Dd -ga'emfP;Dd_ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;/sf/df ;fd]n ug{gx'g] wDsL lbP/ kmls{Psf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;f+;bx?sf] pQm 6f]nLnufot g]kfnsf] j:t'l:ylt cWoog ug{] gfddf cfPsf cd]l/sLnufot s]xL b]zsf o:tf sfOt] 6f]nLx?sf] p2]Zo dfcf]jfbLdfly bjfa lbg] /x]sf] ko{j]Ifsx? atfp“5g\ .
o;aLr g]kfnL ;]gfn] lj:tf/} ;/sf/nfO{ / ;+;bnfO{ wDSofp“b} cfk\mgf k|ltufdL c8fgx? t]:of{pg yfn]sf] 5 . To;}u/L sf+u|]; Pdfn]sf ;f+;bx? klg lj:tf/} ;]gfsf] wDsL / rfKn';Ldf km:g yfn]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ;+;bdf k|:t't u/]sf] ;}lgs P]gdf cfk\mgf k|ltufdL c8fg /fv]/ ck|ToIf?kdf wDSofpg] / ;f+;bx?nfO{ ;}lgs d'Vofnodf af]nfP/ ef]h v'jfO rfKn';L ug{] b'a} /0fgLlt Ps;fy cjnDag u/]sf] 5 .
o;}qmddf rf/–rf/ jif{ pd]/ ;RofP/ ;]gfdf hflu/ vfPsf / xfn} dfq k|=d= lul/hfåf/f sf=d'= k|wfg;]gfklt agfOPsf ?Sdfª\ut s6'jfnn] k|ltlglw;ef /fHoJoj:yf ;ldltdf ;]gfsf] lgo'lQmdf nf]s;]jf cfof]unfO{ ;dfj]z ug{ gx'g], ;]gfsf] af/]df gful/s cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg gkfOg], k|wfg;]gfkltsf] Dofb rf/ jif{ g} /fVg'kg{], ;'/Iff kl/ifb\df k|wfg;]gfklt klg /fVg'kg{] h:tf c8fgx? /fv]sf 5g\ . o;n] ;/sf/n] agfPsf] gLlt lgoddf ;]gf rNg] xf] ls ;]gfsf] wDsLk"0f{ ;Nnfxdf ;/sf/ rNg] xf] eg] k|Zg v8f u/]sf] 5 . ptf cfk"mnfO{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg ;+;bsf] zlQmzfnL ;f+;b 7fGg] sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf s]xL g]tfx? zfxL ;]gfsf] /fqLef]hsf] nf]edf ;}lgs d'Vofno;Dd k'u]sf 5g\ . ;f+;bx?sf] o:tf] hglj/f]wL rfnfn] tL ;f+;bx? st} zfxL ;]gfsf] …x\jL:sLÚdf t las]gg\ eGg] z+sf klg pAhfPsf] 5 .
knkndf alNem/xg] a]kQf kl/jf/sf] 3fp
= ;+uLtf v8\sf
k6s–k6s 5f]/fn] afafsf] af/]df ;f]Wbf lji0f'dfof ;w}+ Pp6} pQ/ lbg] ub{l5g\, æafaf aflx/ sfddf hfg'ePsf] 5 . l5§} cfpg'x'G5 .Æ & jifL{o gfafns 5f]/fnfO{ t Tof] pQ/n] e'nfpFl5g\ t/ pgL cfkm} cg'Ql/t l5g\, cfkm\gf] >Ldfg slxn] cfpF5g\ eGg] af/]df . @)^@ ;fn c;f]h @$ ut] sf7df08f}sf] ef]6flx6L rf]sdf cfkm\g} ;fyaf6 vf];]/ nluPsf >Ldfg lx/f a=/f]Ssfsf af/]df lu/km\tf/LkZrft\ pgn] s]xL va/ kQf nufpg ;lsgg\ . cfkm\g} ;fyaf6 lu/km\tf/ u/L zfxL ;]gfn] nu]kl5 lji0f'dfofn] dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3;+:yfb]lv cbfntsf] 9f]sf;Dd k'lug\ t/ klg pgsf] >Ldfg\sf] va/ kQf nfu]g . xfn;fn} cfP/ zfxL ;]gfn] b'O{k6s Pp6} em'6nfO{ bf]xf]¥ofP/ g'jfsf]6 lhNnf, ssgL uflj; lgjf;L lx/faxfb'/ /f]sfnfO{ pgsL >LdtLsf] lhDdf nufO{ l/xf ul/;lsPsf] k|rf/ u/]kl5 eg] pgL crDddf k/]sL l5g\ . pgsf] w}o{tfn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gfsf] To:tf] hjfkmn] pgdf cfqmf]z yk]sf] 5 . lbpF;} /ft kfg{ vf]Hg] ;/sf/L egfO em'6sf] k/fsfi7f ePsf] atfpFl5g\ lji0f'dfof . j]kQf kfl/Psf gful/ssf] kl/jf/n] ef]lu/x]sf] kL8fsf] af/]df lji0f'dfof elG5g\, …of] kn–kndf b'Mlv/xg] ulx/f] 3fpm xf], h;df ;/sf/n] af/Daf/ g'gr's 5l//x]sf] 5 .Ú
@)^) ;fn d+l;/ !$ ut] kqmfp k/]sL sf7df08f}, g}sfk lgjf;L /]0f'sf b'nfnsf afa' rGb| axfb'/ b'nfnn] klg 5f]/L lu/km\tf/ k/]b]lv cfh;Dd 5f]/Lsf] vf]hLdf s'g} s;/ afFsL /fv]sf 5}gg\ . t/klg pgn] s]xL kQf] nufpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . Pp6Ldfq} 5f]/L a]kQf x'Fbf afa'sf] dgdf k/]sf] rf]6 t 5Fb}5, /]0f'sfsL cfdfnfO{ ;+emfpg rGb|axfb'/nfO{ w]/} ufx|f] k/]sf] 5 . s'g} rf8kj{ cfcf];\ cyjf s;}n] 5f]/Lsf] gfddfq n]cf];\ gfgLd}of b'nfnsf] cfFvfaf6 cfF;' aUg z'? e}xfN5 . 5f]/L j]kQf ePb]lv ljleGg /f]uaf6 lj/fdL kl//xg] ;d:of klg gfgLd}ofdf 5 .
emfkf lhNnfsf] eLdaxfb'/ a:g]t cfkm\gf b'O{–b'O{j6f 5f]/f j]kQf ePsf] kL8f af]s]/ dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3;+:yf / cbfnt wfpg yfn]sf] s/La b'O{ jif{ ljTg nflu;Sof] t/ ;/sf/n] pgLh:tf xhf/f}+ kl/jf/sf] kL8f a'‰g] t k/} hfcf];\ emg\ kL8f yKg] sfd dfq} ul//x]sf] 5 . k'ik a:g]t / lw/]Gb| a:g]t;Fu} csf{ 5f]/f lj/]Gb| a:g]t klg klxn] a]kQf cj:yfdf lyP . pgL s]xL ;do cl3 l/xf ePsf x'g\ . led a=a:g]t 5f]/fx?sf] a]kQfn] kL8f yk]sf] 5Fb}5, To;sf] ;fy} ;/sf/k|lt cfqmf]z a9fPsf] 5 .
@)%^ ;fn h]i7 & ut] ;'Gwf/f 6]jfxnaf6 k|x/Lx?n] lu/km\tf/ u/L j]kQf agfOPsf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o b08kfl0f Gof}kfg]sf] vf]hLdf >LdtL zfGtf Gof}kfg] klg lu/km\tf/Lsf] nuQ} nflukl/g\ . lu/km\tf/ ePsf] b]Vg]x? klg 5g\ t/ clxn];Dd s'g} kQf] nfUg ;s]g . o;/L a]kQf kfl/Psf b08kfl0f Gof}kfg], ldng g]kfnL b]lv ljBfyL{ g]tfx? k'0f{ kf}8]n, ljlkg e08f/L, gljg /fO{, lbn axfb'/ /fO{, 1fg]Gb| lqkf7L, lgZrn gsdL{ nufot j]kQf kfl/Psf xhf/f} kl/jf/n] cfkm\gf cfkmGtsf] vf]lh ug{ ;a}lt/ wfP“ t/ cbfntaf6 klg gePkl5 ljut tLg rf/ aif{ cl3b]lv a]kQf gful/ssf ;dfhsf] gfddf kl/jf/x? ;+ul7t eP/ bafad'ns ;+3if{ ub} cfPsf 5g\ . t/ sfgdf t]n xfn]/ a;]sf] h'g;'s} ;/sf/n] klg a]kQf gful/ssf kl/jf/sf] kL8f ;'lglbg] t k/} hfcf];\ To;nfO{ a]jf:tf ub}{ k6s k6s cfZjf;g dfq} afF8\of] . klxn] klxn]sf] zfxL ;/sf/ jf To;eGbf cl3sf v]tfnf ;/sf/x?n] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs gu/]klg hgcfGbf]ngkl5 ag]sf] ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ug]{5 eGg] cfzf kl/jf/df lyof] . t/, clxn] Tof] cfzf klg 6'6\b} uPsf] atfpF5g\ a]kQf gful/ssf kl/jf/x? . /fli6«o ?kdf cem} Jojl:yt 9+un] ;+ul7t eP/ cl3 a9\g] p2]Zon] oxL ebf}+ !* ut] j]kQf gful/ssf kl/jf/sf] /fli6«o e]nf klg x'Fb}5 . clxn] kl/jf/x? To;}sf] tof/Ldf h'l6/x]sf 5g\ . klxn] klxn] /fhgLlts s'/faf6 a]va/ x'g] a'9fa'9L a'afcfdfx? clxn] b]zdf rln/x]sf] 36gfqmdsf] ljZn]if0f ul//x]sf] e]l6G5g\ . a]kQf kl/jf/sf] afuahf/l:yt sfof{nodf e]l6g] kl/jf/x? /fhgLlts 36gfqmdk|lt cf–cfkm\gf] wf/0ff /flv/x]sf x'G5g\ . cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] ;xL af6f] lnPsf] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5g\ . j]kQf kfl/Psf ljlkg e08f/LsL cfdf zfGtf e08f/L eGg'x'G5, …5f]/fx?sf] a]kQfsf] kL8fn] xfdLnfO{ cem bx|f] agfPsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ ;/sf/sf] u}/lhDd]jf/ kf/fn] lg/f; xf]Og, ;/sf/k|lt emg} cfqmf]z yk]sf] 5 .Ú
OGb|s]z/L >]i7 h;sf] Pp6f 5f]/f / b'O{ hgf HjfOF a]kQf ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/k|ltsf] cfqmf]z pgdf olt ag]sf] 5 ls pgL elG5g\, æca ;a} kl/jf/ ldn]/ clGtd n8fOF n8\g'kb{5 . xfd|f 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs geP;Dd s'g} klg cfZjf;gnfO{ ljZjf; ug{ x'Gg .Æ
cfufdL ebf} !* ut] x'g] /fli6«o e]nfn] ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? to ug]{ hfgsf/L e]nf cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs zld{nf lqkf7L atfpg'x'G5 . lxhf];Dd cfcfkm\gf] 3/of;L sfddf g} ;Lldt x'g] a'afcfdfx? clxn] lbgx"F sfof{nosf wfpF5g\ / s;/L cufl8 a9\g] eGg] s'/fdf 5nkmn ul//xG5g\ . o;eGbf cufl8;Dd zfob} s'g} lbg cfFvf cf]efPsf] xf];\ t/ clxn] kl/jf/x? Tof] kL8fnfO{ cfqmf]zdf abn]/ ;+ul7t ?kdf cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g\ . cfkmGtx? a]kQf kfl/Fbsf] kL8fnfO{ s'g} zAbdf JoQm ug{ g;lsg] atfpF5g\ kl/jf/x? . Ps}l5gdf cfzf / lg/fzfsf afbnx? d8fl//x]sf] x'Fbf lg/Gt/?kdf ;Fw} ef]lu/xg'kg]{ kL8fn] cfkm"x?n] ;w}+ dfgl;s oftgf kfO/x]sf] cg'e"lt kl/jf/x?n] u/]sf 5g\ . e]nfkZrft\ ul/g] ;+3if{n] ;a} s'/fsf] l5gf]kmfgf] ug'{kg]{ / To;sf nflu h:tf];'s} d"No r'sfpg klg cfkm"x? tof/ /x]sf] atfpF5g\ .
sfg"gL /fHosf] jsfnt ug]{ ;/sf/n] xhf/f}+ gful/sx?nfO{ rNnfnfO{ lrnn] a]kQf kf/]em}+ a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 . o;eGbf cufl8 h] h] eP klg hgcfGbf]ng kZrft\ ag]sf] ;/sf/n] a]kQf gful/ssf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug'{kb{Yof] eGg] dfu kl/jf/x? ub{5g\ . s'g s'g Aof/]sn] sxfF sxfF /fv] / s] s] u/] eGg] tYofÍ Ps lbgd} a6'Ng ;Sg] ePklg oxL ;/sf/n] klg j]kQf kl/jf/nfO{ cNemfpg w]/} k6s cfZjf;g lbO;s]sf] 5 . k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg]{ gfddf Ps dlxgfsf] cjlw lbg] / To;nfO{ cjlw yk ub}{ nfg]df g} ;Lldt 5 . xhf/f}+ gful/s a]kQf kf/]sf] /fHosf] ?kdf cfkm\gf] s'?k cg'xf/ b]vfP/ ;Qfdf g} /lx/xg] g}lts clwsf/ ca ;Qfdf a:g]x?nfO{ 5 ls 5}g < style="font-weight: normal;">hgtflGqs df]rf{ cj;fglt/
hgsk'/ ÷ dw]zL hgtfsf] lxtsf] nflu n8]sf] gfddf dw]zL hgtfdfly g} pTkL8g nfb\g] / dw]zL hgtfsf] ;d]t d'lQmsf] nflu nl8/x]sf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ / dw]zL d'lQm df]rf{sf sfo{stf{sf] xTof;d]t ug{] cfk/flws sfo{df nfu]sf] t/fO{ hgtflGqs d'lQm df]rf{ ;dfKt x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ pQm df]rf{nfO{ jftf{sf] nflu cfx\jfg ubf{;d]t dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ cfqmd0fsf] lgzfg agfpg g5f]8]kl5 df]rf{leqsf s}of}+ ljb|f]x u/L dfcf]jfbLdf k|j]z u/]sf 5g\ eg] cGo bh{gf}+n] xftxltof/;lxt cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf 5g\ .
o;}qmddf ebf} !! ut] pQm df]rf{sf] ;Kt/L lhNnf ;}Go sdf08/ ljgf]bs'df/ ofbj -s=ljj]s_n] 7"nf] dfqfdf xltof/;lxt ljb|f]x u/L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_d} k|j]z u/]sf 5g\ . ;Kt/Lsf] cf/bx ufh;df /x]sf] hg;]gfsf] SofDkdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ofbjnfO{ :jfut u/L clegGbg;d]t u¥of] ofbjn] tLg yfg P;PdhL, b'O{ yfg dfph/, tLg yfg df:s]6 / %) /fp08 uf]nL;lxt ljb|f]x u/]sf x'g\ . ;f]xL kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf df]rf{sf cGo rf/ ;b:on] cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf lyP .
kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ofbjnfO{ :jfut ub{} l;/fxf–;Kt/Lsf O~rfh{ s=/d]zn] df]rf{ cfk\mgf uNtL sdhf]/L :jLsf/ u/L cfPdf pgLx?;+u jftf{ ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf lhNnf ;xO~rfh{ s=lbgs/ / lhNnf ;]qm]6/L cd/ klg pkl:yt x'g'x'GYof] .
To;}u/L l;/fxf / ;Kt/Ldf df]rf{n] cfk\mgf] u9 dfGg] u/]sf] l5Ggd:tf ufh;n] hg;]gfn] Aof/]s :yfkgf u/L cf;kf;sf ufp“df ;'/Iff ultljlwnfO{ tLa|tf lbPkl5 hgtflGqssf] ultljlw nueu ;dfKt k|foM ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf l;/fxf–;Kt/Lsf lhNnf g]tfx? hgtflGqs nueu ;dfKt ePsf] /fo JoQm u5{g\ .
o;cl3 ;fpg #! ut] laxfg l;/fxfsf] ;}g7f ufh;sf] sdnk'/ Onfsfdf hg;]gfsf] Ps 6's8Ln] hgtflGqs df]rf{sf b'O{ ;b:onfO{ xltof/;lxt lu/k\mtf/ u/]sf lyP . o;/L lu/k\mtf/Ldf k/]sf /fdljnf; ofbj / dl0fsnfn ofbjsf ;fyaf6 hgd'lQm ;]gfn] !@ af]/sf] aGb's b'O{ gfn, To;sf] @# /fp08 uf]nL, Ps yfg s6'jf k]:tf]n To;sf] !) yfg uf]nL, gub @* xhf/ ?k}of“, Ps yfg df]6/;fOsn, b'O{ yfg e]mfnfx? sAhf u/]sf lyP . hg;]gfsf] sAhfdf k/]sf tL b'O{n] l;/fxfdf !( hgf hlt dfq hgtflGqsdf ;lqmo /x]sf] atfPsf lyP .
o;/L dw]zL hgtflj?4 g} hgtflGqs df]rf{ pq]kl5 dw]zsf hgtf pQm df]rf{k|lt g} cfqmf]lzt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . l;/fxf d+unk'/–% lgjf;L /fdcflzif ofbj eG5g\– oL hgtflGqs ;d"xn] xfdL ;a}nfO{ b'Mv lbO/x]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ l;Wofpg'k5{ .
hg;]gfsf] bf];|f] l8lehgcGtu{tsf j6flnog sdf08/ argn] hgtflGqsx?åf/f l;lh{t ;d:of xn ug{ hgtfsf] tk{maf6 cfk"mx?nfO{ /fd|f] ;xof]u ldn]sf] atfpg'eof] .
ljjfbu|:t b:tfj]h cGtl/d ;+ljwfg
sf7df8f}+ ÷ ut c;f/ @ ut] ;DkGg afn'jf6f/ lzv/ jftf{sf] lgb{]zgdf cf7a'“b] ;xdlt adf]lhd ul7t cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldltn] ut z'qmaf/ ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLnfO{ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf a'emfPsf] 5 . u7g k|lqmofb]lv g} ljjfbdf -aNemb}_ kb{}cfPsf] / tLg ls:tfdf k"0f{tf k|fKt u/]sf] ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf k"j{ GofofwLz nId0f cof{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t d:of}bf ;ldltn] ljjfb}ljjfbsf aLraf6 @^ efu / !&@ wf/fsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d:of}bf tof/ u/]sf] 5 . !% lbgdf d:of}bf tof/ ug{] cg'dlt kfPsf] ;f] ;ldltn] &) lbg nufp“bf klg ;+ljwfgsf] cGt/j:t' vf; u/]/ /fhg}lts d'2fsf] ljifodf vfsf k|:t't ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . d:of}bf ;ldltleq} /fli6«o hgfj/, /fli6«o k"mnh:tf lemgfdl;gf ljifodf ljjfb / 5nkmndf clNemb} uPsf] eP klg /fhg}lts bnx?af6 /fhg}lts d'2fdf ;dod} :ki6 wf/0ff;lxtsf] ;'emfj glbOgfn] d:of}bf tof/ ug{] sfddf nfdf] ;do nfu]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . To;f] t /fhg}lts kf6L{sf j}rfl/s k|ltlaDa d:of}bf ;ldltleq klg b]lvg'nfO{ k|ltlaDa dfGg'kg{] ljifo xf]Og lsgls d:of}bf ;ldlt klg /fhg}lts ;d"xaf6} lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] .
cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] /fhfsf af/]df, ;]gfnfO{ /fli6«o ;]gf agfpg] ljifodf, cGtl/d Joj:yflksf / ;+ljwfg;efsf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;+Vof ls6fgL ug{] ;jfndf / aflnu cyjf dtbfg ug{] pd]/sf] ;d]t lgSof{]n ug{ g;s]sf] b]lvG5 . gful/ssf] ljifo klg clg0f{osf] 3]/fdf /x]sf] 5 . o;/L /fhg}lts d'2fdf k|j]z ug{} g;Sg'sf k5fl8 /fhg}lts bnx?sf] j}rfl/s k|ltlaDa d:of}bf ;ldltdf k/]sf] :ki6 b]lvG5 . :ki6 s'/f s] klg xf] eg] ;Qf;Lg /fhg}lts bnx? ljutdf dfcf]jfbL;+u u/]sf !@ a'“b] ;dembf/Lb]lv cf7a'“b] tyf kf“ra'“b] ;xdltx?;d]t ;a}af6 ljrlnt x'“b} uPsf 5g\ . pgLx?sf dl:tisdf j}b]lzs zlQms]Gb|x?sf] lgb{]zg el/Psf] 5 . t;y{ pgsf k|ltlglwx?n] d:of}bf ;ldltdf klg ;f]xL s'/f cf]sNg'nfO{ cfZro{ dfGg'kg{] ljifo g} /x]g . To;}sf/0f /fhtGqfTds ;fdGtjfbL /fHo ;+/rgfnfO{ lj:yflkt u/L nf]stflGqs u0ftGq;lxtsf] ;+3Lo u0ftflGqs /fHo ;+/rgfsf] cjwf/0ff d:of}bf ;+ljwfgdf d"lt{s[t ug{ ;ldlt c;dy{ /x\of] .
d:of}bfsf] b:tfj]hsf] ef]n'g hlt;'s} 7"nf] eP klg ;f/j:t' d"lt{s[t x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f dfcf]jfbL jl/i7 g]tf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{n] d:of}bfnfO{ vfnL af]tnsf] ;+1f lbg'nfO{ plrt 7flgG5 . x'g t sltko d:of}bf tof/L ;ldltsf ;b:o klg of] v];|fk|lt ;Gtf]if b]lv+b}gg\ . lsgeg] pgLx? klg k|To]s ljifodf nfdf] jfbljjfb tyf 5nkmnaf6 lgrf]8df k'Ug g;s]kl5 cfk\mgf] dt bh{ ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ . To;f] t d:of}bf x:tfGt/0f cj;/df dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nL ;+of]hs s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d:of}bfn] cu|ufdL lgsf;sf lgldQ dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg ug{] ck]Iff JoQm ug{' ePaf6 /fhg}lts If]qsf ljjflbt ljifox? ;/sf/;+usf] ;+jfbaf6 6'+Uofpg ;lsg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . jf:tjdf d:of}bfdf 6'+lug g;s]sf /fhg}lts dxŒjsf ljifox? /fi6« / hgtfsf efUo / eljio;+u uf“l;Psf x'gfn] ;f] sf] lg0f{o csf{] lzv/ jftf{af6 dfq ;+ej b]lvG5 .
a;Gtk'/df eJo hg;ef x'g]
sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;Dk"0f{ ;Qf a[xb nf]stflGqs /fli6«o ;Dd]ngnfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/ † lg;t{ ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf u/ eGg] d"n gf/f af]sL g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfnn] ut s]lx dlxgf b]lv ;+rfng u/]sf] g]jfM :jfoQ u0ftflGqs :jlguM cleofgsf] hg;ef / hg;f+:s[lts;efsf] ;dfkg sfo{qmd oxL ebf} !^ ut] a]n'sL $M#) ah] sf7df8f}+sf] d'6' a;Gtk'/ 8anLdf ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf k|jQmf Pj+ jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs s=s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg x'g nfu]sf] pQm ;dfkg sfo{qmdsf cltlyx?df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=lxl;nf old,
;Nnfxsf/ s=lblnk dxh{g, g]jfM df]rf{sf cWoIf kjgdfg >]i7, jl/i7 dfgjclwsf/jfbL g]tf kß/Tg t'nfw/, dNn=s]= ;'Gb/, g]kfn efiffsf k|Voft slj b'uf{nfn >]i7 cflb x'g'x'G5 .
To:t}u/L ut ebf} ( ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf 8]k'6L sdf08/ s=k|efs/ -hgfb{g zdf{_sf] k|d'v cfltYodf eQmk'/sf] b/af/ :Sjfo/leq klg Ps a[xb\ hg;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] h'g lsl;dsf] l9nf] ul//x]sf] 5 o;sf] lj?4df ;Dk"0f{ ;r]t ju{n] ;+3if{ ug'{kg]{ / o;/L g} hgtfsf] cfsf+Iff lj?4 uPdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x}g ls csf]{ 5'§} k|sf/sf] ljb|f]x ug'{ kg]{ klg atfpg'eof] . To:t}u/L csf{ cltly lxl;nf oldn] cleofgsf] d'Vo p2]Zo eg]sf] g]jf/ hfltsf] cflbe"ld pkTosfnfO{ g]jfM :jfoQ u0ftGq 3f]if0ff ug]{ / hflto–If]qLo :jfoQ zf;g;lxtsf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf ug]{ atfpg'eof] .
;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ csf{ cltly g]jfM df]rf{sf cWoIf kjgdfg >]i7n] g]jf/ hfltnfO{ p7fpg] xf] eg] pgLx?sf]] xftaf6 v]l;;s]sf] pwf]u, Joj;fo k'gM Ps k6s pgLx?nfO{ g} lbg'kg]{ / ;f“Rr} g} hghfltx?sf] ljsf; ug]{ xf] eg] pgLx?nfO{ cfTdlg0f{o;lxtsf] hftLo :jfoQtf lbg'kg]{df klg hf]8 lbg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf k|jf;af6 cfpg' ePsf OR5's ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/ / pkTosf leqsf g]jfM snfsf/x?n] qmflGtsf/L uLt, g[To / ck]/f k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfnaf/] a]nfotdf sfo{qmd
n08g ÷ g]kfnsf] hgo'4sf] ;dy{gdf / g]kfn eO/x]sf] j}b]lzs x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]wdf ;]K6]Da/ @ -ebf} !& ut]_ n08gdf Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmd ljZj hgk|lt/f]w cfGbf]ng -la|6]g_ / g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf x'g nfu]sf] xf] . a]nfotsf] /]8 nfOg :Sjfo/df cjl:yt sf]gj] xndf g]kfnsf] hg;+3if{sf] P]Soa4tfsf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf] Ps efusf ?kdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmddf b'a} ;+u7gsf jQmfx?sf] pkl:yt x'g] / sfo{qmdsf] qmddf 5f]6f] lkmNd klg k|bz{g x'g] hgfOPsf] 5 .
To;}u/L sfo{qmddf g]kfnL hg;+3if{;DaGwL 8LeL8Lx? / …g]kfnsf] qmflGtnfO{ ;dy{g u/f}+Ú eGg] l6–;6{x? klg pknAw /x]sf] cfof]hs ;+u7gx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .
klZrd g]kfndf af9Lklx/f]
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fx? p4f/ sfo{df
hgf]bz ;+jfbbftf
g]kfnu~h ÷ tLg lbg cl3b]lv nuftf/ kl//x]sf] jiff{sf sf/0f klZrd g]kfnsf kxfl8 / t/fO{sf e"–efux?df klx/f] / 8'afgn] ;of}+ 3/x? Ifltu|:t ePsf 5g\ . c5fd lhNnfsf vKt8 ufh;df ebf} !) ut] /flt uPsf] eLif0f klx/f]sf sf/0f b'O{ ;o 3/ k'l/Psf] 5 . klx/f]sf sf/0f nfvf}+sf] Iflt x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
To;}u/L cla/n jiff{sf sf/0f af“s] / alb{ofsf clwsf+z efu hndUg ePsf 5g\ . xfd|f ;xsdL{sf cg';f/ g]kfnu~h ahf/sf clwsf+z :yfg hndUg ePsf] 5 eg] bh{gf}+ uflj;x? 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ . jiff{sf sf/0f g]kfnu~hdf ljB't cfk"lt{ aGb x'“bf clxn] snsf/vfgfx? aGb cj:yfdf 5g\ . cUnf l;d]G6]8 3/x?afx]s cGo sRrL 3/x? clwsf+z 8'a]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L af“s]s} /flKtdf kmQ]k'/, u+ufk'/, xf]lnof, a]txgLnufotsf !)÷!@ j6f uflj; hndUg 5 . lxhf];Dddf tLg ;oeGbf a9L dfG5] a]kQf 5g\ . g]kfnu~hdf xfn;Dd b'O{ hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] va/ 5 . To;}u/L alb{of lhNnfsf] u'nl/of j/k/ b'O{ ;oeGbf a9L 3/ 8'afgdf k/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L /fhfk'/sf] sf]l6of3f6, v}l/, dgfp klg k|efljt ePsf] 5 . 8'afgsf sf/0f clxn] sf]xL 5tdfly a;]sf 5g\ t st} ?vdfly a;]/ ;xfotf dflu/x]sf 5g\ .
8'afgdf k/]sfnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfnsf] lkln :d[lt la|u]8 ;Dk"0f{ ha; df]rf{sf sfo{stf{b]lv e]/L–s0ff{nL PsLs[t u0ftflGqs df]rf{n] 8'afgdf k/]sfnfO{ p4f/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . af“s] lhNnfsf lhNnf ;]q]m6/L s=lxdfn, alb{of lhNnfsf ;]q]m6/L s=c0f' / c5fd lhNnfsf ;]q]m6/L s=k|ltlaDan] 5'§f5'§} lj1lKt hf/L u/L k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf sf/0f x'g uPsf] hgwgsf] Ifltk|lt b'Mv k|s6 ub{} cfk\mgf sfo{stf{n] p4f/ ul//x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . ;fy} ;/sf/sf] a]jf:tfk|lt lj/f]w hgfp“b} tTsfn ljz]if kxn ug{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . 8'afg IF]qdf s]xL zfxL ;]gf k'u] klg ;/sf/af6 kof{Kt ;xof]u gePsf] s'/f kLl8t kIfn] atfPsf] 5 .
8f]6Lsf] vKt8df !) ut] klx/f] uP/ Toxf“sf] hLjg c:tJo:t eP klg cem};Dd zfxL ;]gf p4f/sf nflu k'Ug g;Sg'n] ;/sf/sf] lg/Lxtf / gful/sk|ltsf] a]jf:tf bzf{Psf] 5 . gful/s dfg{sf] nflu ufp“sf s'gf–s'gfdf x]lnsf]K6/dfkm{t\ ;]gf k'¥ofpg] ;/sf/n] p4f/sf] nflu k'¥ofpg g;Sbf kLl8t kIf ;/sf/k|lt cfqmf]lzt ePsf 5g\ . clxn] klZrd g]kfndf cltj[li6 ePsf] 5 eg] k"jL{ g]kfndf cgfj[li6 ePsf] sf/0f ;Dk"0f{ afnL ;'Sg yfn]sf] 5 . o;/L cltj[li6 / cgfj[li6 x'g' k|fs[lts ljifoj:t' b]lvP klg oyfy{df eg] ;fd|fHojfbL b]zx?åf/f slyt cf}Bf]lus/0fsf] gfddf v'n]sf c;Lldt pBf]u, snsf/vfgf / cGo ljljw sf/0fn] jftfj/0fLo k|b'if0f a9\g uO{ cgfj[li6 / cltj[li6sf ;d:of a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . To;sf] pkh k|fs]lts k|sf]kx? klg a9\bf] 5 .
;lxb kl/jf/sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng x'g]
sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;lbof}+b]lv ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf ;+/IfsTjdf /fhtGqfTds s]lGb|s[t ;fdGtL ;Qfn] g]kfnL hgtfdfly yf]kb{}cfPsf] zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo, cTofrf/, e]befj / pTkL8gsf ;fy} xTof, lx+;f / cft+snfO{ ;bfsf nflu cGTo ug{ ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] ;d"n gi6 u/L hgjfbL u0ftGq :yfkgf ug{] 3f]lift p2]Zosf ;fy g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ljut bz jif{b]lv hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj u/]sf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . oxL /fi6« / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf vflt/ nl8Psf] hgo'4nfO{ Wj:t ug{ k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfn] ljb]zL zlQms]Gb|x?sf] k|ToIf lgb{]zgdf /fi6«JofkL?kdf eLif0f Pj+ g/;+xf/sf/L ck/]zgx? ;~rfng ug{] qmddf xhf/f}+ lgz:q tyf lgw{g u|fdL0f hgtfsf] sTn]cfd u¥of] . o'4df]rf{sf jf:tljs d'7e]8df hgd'lQm ;]gf;+u k/flht ePsf] emf]+s zfxL ;Qfsf hNnfbx?n] lgz:q hgtfdfly kf]Vg] u/]sf pbfx/0f k|z:t} e]l6G5g\ . ;fdGtL ;Qf l6sfpg ef8fdf las]sf k'ln; / ;]gfsf hTyfaf6 xhf/f}+ g]kfnLr]nLx?sf] l;Gb'/ k'l5of], xhf/f}+ afnaflnsf 6'x'/f ag] eg] xhf/f}+ a[4 afa'cfdf ;GtfgljxLg x'g afWo eP . slyt ;'/IffsdL{sf] ;+o'Qm sdf08sf] tf08jg[Toaf6 b]ze/ /utsf] vf]nf] aUof] eg] b"/b/fhsf lgw{gj:tLx? v/fgL ag] . xhf/f}+sf ;+Vofdf g]kfnL hgtfsf ;k"tx? xfn;Dd klg a]kQf kfl/Psf 5g\ . o'4df]rf{df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sdf08/ tyf hjfgx?sf] zxfbt / 3fOt] x'g'df :jfefljs x'g;Snf t/ ck/]zgsf gfddf cGwfw'Gw xjfO tyf k}bn cfqmd0faf6 xhf/f}+ g]kfnL gful/sx? 3fOt] tyf ckfË agfOPsf 5g\ . To;}u/L lu/k\mtf/kZrft\ oftgfsf qmddf klg s}of}+ lgbf{]if hgtfnfO{ ckfË agfOPsf 5g\ . b'lgof“sf cf“vf cufl8 lu/k\mtf/ u/] klg lu/k\mtf/} gu/]sf] egL u}/lhDd]jf/ 9+un] pq]sf] /fHokIfn] cf7÷gf} jif{b]lv hgtfnfO{ a]kQf agfPsf] 5 .
t;y{, hgo'4sf qmddf zxfbt k|FKt ug{'x'g] jL/ ;lxbx?sf kl/jf/hgx?sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng oxL )^# ;fn ebf} !& ut] sf7df8f}+df ;';DkGg x'g uO/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfn] b]zsf ljleGg :yfgaf6 lu/k\mtf/ u/L a]kQf agfOPsf ;fx;L of]4fx?sf kl/jf/sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng oxL ebf} !* ut] sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg x'“b}5 . To:t} hgo'4s} l;nl;nfdf o'4d}bfgdf tyf cGo If]qdf b'Zdgsf cfqmd0fdf 3fOt] Pj+ ckfË x'g'ePsf hLp“bf ;lxbx?sf] ;Dd]ng klg ebf} !( ut] sf7df8f}+df x'g] ePsf] 5 . oL sfo{qmdx?df k|ToIf jf k/f]If?kdf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] ;xof]u Pj+ ;+nUgtf /xg]x'“bf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ g]kfnL hgtfk|lt cToGt ;+j]bgzLn 5 / hgo'4sf ;xefuL ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] pRr ;Ddfg ub{5 eGg] HjnGt pbfx/0f k|:t't x'“b}5 .
;+o'Qm u0ftflGqs blnt df]rf{ u7g
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ nf]stflGqs u0ftGq :yfkgf ug{ g]kfnsf cfwf bh{g pTkLl8t hftLo df]rf{ / ;+u7gx? Pstfa4 ePsf 5g\ . Pstfa4 df]rf{sf] gfd ;+o'Qm u0ftflGqs blnt df]rf{ g]kfn /flvPsf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf df]rf{sf] @& ;b:oLo s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;fj{hlgs ul/of] . df]rf{sf] ;+of]hs /0f]Gb| a/fnL x'g'x'G5 . o;/L ;+ul7t x'g] df]rf{x?df g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfn /fli6«o blnt d'lQm ;+u7g, g]kfn pTkLl8t blnt hftLo d'lQm ;dfhnufotsf 5g\ .
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:ox?df ltns kl/of/, kbdnfn ljZjsdf{, obd ;'Gbf;, k/z'/fd /Dt]n cfx"lt, bfgaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{, /fds[i0f b]pnf, ljgf]b kxf8L, nf]s]z ljZjsdf{, pd]z a/fn, odaxfb'/ ls;fg, l/tf dfgifL, ;Gtf]ifL lj=s=, /fhs'df/ kf;jfg, /fh]Gb| /fd, c;kmdL{ ;bf, k'ik jfbL, /fhs'df/ uGwj{, kfj{tL ;'gfd, dLgf /Dt]n, s/0f bofn / pldtf a/fnL /xg'ePs]f 5 .
pQm df]rf{n] a'waf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] k|jrg sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o b]j u'?ªn] k|ltudg / ljb]zL zlQmx? dfem cfTd;dk{0f ug{ ;/sf/ nfluk/]sf]n] ljleGg tx, tKsf / df]rf{x? lgdf{0f u/l bjfad"ns cfGbf]ng ;8saf6 ug{' clxn]sf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf ag]sf] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Ng'x'“b} csf{ jQmf g]kfn blntd d'lQm df]rf{sf cWoIf ltns kl/of/n] k'/fgf] /fHoJoj:yf k"0f{?kdf gi6 u/]/ ;a} hfthflt, efiffefifL, lnË, ju{sf] ;dfg'kflts ;xeflutfdf /fHosf] j}1flgs k'g;{+/rgf ug{'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . sfo{qmddf nf]stflGqs u0ftflGqs dlxnf d~rsf] ;b:o zzL >]i7 / d:of}bf ;ldltsf ;b:o zfGtf >]i7n] klg cf–cfk\mgf wf/0f /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .
pQm blnt df]rf{n] ;fdGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL blnt zlQmx?sf] ;+o'Qm df]rf{ x'g], lxGb' ;fdGtjfbL a|fDx0fjfbL /fhtGqfTds /fHo;Qfsf] k"0f{ cGTo / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgfdf ;jf{lws hf]8 lbOg], /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgfsf ;DaGwdf wd{lg/k]Iftfdf cfwfl/t ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds /fHok|0ffnL cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxt hftLo, If]qLo, eflifs :jfoQtfnfO{ o; df]rf{n] :jLsf/ ug{], ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj / ljz]ifflwsf/ u/L @) k|ltzt clgjfo{ ;xefuL agfpg hf]8 lbOg], ljBdfg g]kfnL ;]gf / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn b'a} ;]gfnfO{ k'gu{7g u/L …/fli6«o ;]gfÚ lgdf{0fdf hf]8 lb+b} blntx?sf] ;dfg'kflts ;xeflutf u/fpgdf hf]8 lbOg] h:tf dxŒjk"0f{ afx| a'“b] cjwf/0fkq b]z u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L lqz'nL ahf/df cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf Pdfn] lgs6 blnt df]rf{sf lhNnf cWoIf ch{'g g]kfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf %# hgfn] ljb|f]x u/]sf 5g\ . ljb|f]x u/L g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{df k|j]z ug{]x?nfO{ g]kfn blnt d'lQmsf cWoIf ltns kl/of/n] caL/ dfnf nufP/ :jfut ug{'eof] . -pxf“sf] ;+lIfKt cGtjf{tf{ k]h ^ df x]g{'xf]nf ._
a'l4hLjL ;+u7gsf] lj/f]w k|bz{g
sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;ft bnsf] ;/sf/n] hgcfGbf]ngsf] dd{ / efjgf ljk/Lt ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{] sfo{tk{m pbfl;g x'“b} k|ltufdL ;+;bs} af6f] ckgfp“b} uPsf]df g]kfn /fli6«o a'l4hLjL ;+u7gn] oxL ebf} !! ut] b]ze/ lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf /fhwfgLdf klg :yfgLo a;Gtk'/af6 ;f“9] $ ah] k|:Yffg u/]sf] lj/f]w h'n'; /Tgkfs{ k'uL sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . k|bz{gsf/Lx?n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg u/, ;+;bsf] t'?Gt lj36g u/, cGtl/d ;+ljwfg nfu" u/ h:tf gf/fc+lst Kn]sf8{;lxt gf/fx? nufPsf lyP . To;}u/L ebf} !) ut] zlgaf/ kf“r} ljsf; If]qsf ;b/d'sfd wgs'6f, sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f, g]kfnu~h / dx]Gb|gu/df Pp6} sfo{kq ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u / af}l4s ;d'bfo ljifodf ljrf/ uf]i7L;d]t ;DkGg ul/Psf 5g\ .
o;} ;Gbe{df sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf sf]dn a/fnåf/f sfo{kq k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] eg] sfo{kqdfly l6Kk0fL ug{]x?df ;+u7gsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo cWoIf /d]z zdf{, k|ultzLn a'l4hLjL ;+u7gsf dxf;lrj kß v8\sf tyf a'l4hLjL kl/ifb\sf ;lrj g]q lwtfn x'g'x'GYof] . k\mnf]/af6 ;d]t a'l4hLjLx? k|df]b d}gfnL, ltldnf old tyf xl/ 3tL{n] l6Kk0fL ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf lvdnfn b]jsf]6fn] ;d;fdlos ljifodf dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;+u7gs} cWoIf sf]dn a/fnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f]if0f s]Gb|Lo ;b:o e"ld b]jsf]6fn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] :jfut dGtJo lbg]df s]Gb|Lo ;b:o b'uf{ g]pkfg] x'g'x'GYof] .
To;}u/L ;f]xL lbg k"jf{~rnsf] wgs'6fdf ;+u7gsf pkfWoIf cd/l;+x yfkfn], klZrdf~rnsf] kf]v/fdf ;lrjfno ;b:o Pj+ u08s ;+of]hs emnskfl0f ltjf/L, dWoklZrdf~rnsf] g]kfnu~hdf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj g/]z e08f/L / ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf] dx]Gb|gu/df ;lrjfno ;b:o ;'Gb/ /]UdLn] sfo{kq k|:t't u/L ljrf/uf]i7L sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;cl3 ebf} @ ut] krxQ/} lhNnfsf ;b/d"sfddf krf{ ljt/0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
:d/0f/xf];\ cfufdL c;f]h * / ( ut] a'l4hLjL ;+u7gsf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng x'g uO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+u7gn] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd;+u hf]8]/ nu]sf] atfPsf] 5 .
u0ftflGqs lzIfs hfu/0f cleofgsf] 3f]if0ff
sf7df8f}+ ÷ clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gn] lzIff If]qdf eO/x]sf] ;d:of / r'gf}tLx?nfO{ cfTd;ft u/L lzIff If]qdf cfd"n kl/jt{g ul/g'kg{] dfu /fVb} z'qmaf/ sf7df8f}+df kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;+u7gn] Ps k|]; lj1lKt hf/L u/L ljleGg ;+3÷;+:yfnfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfO{ cfk\mgf sfo{gLlt / p2]Zodfly k|sfz kf/]sf] 5 . ;+u7gn] cf:yfsf] cfwf/df a]kQf kfl/Psf lzIfsx?sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ul/g'kg{], xTof ul/Psf lzIfs kl/jf/ / ckfË lzIfsx?sf] k]zfsf] Uof/]G6Lsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg{], jiff{}b]lv c:yfoL /x]sf lzIfsnfO{ :yfoL ul/g'kg{]nufotsf kGw| a'“b] k]zfut dfu / abln+bf] kl/l:yltnfO{ cfTd;ft ub{} lzIffdf cfd ;'wf/ u/L kl/jt{g ul/g'kg{], lzIff IF]qdf ;/sf/L nufgL a[l4 u/L lzIff j}1flgs Jofjxfl/s lgMz'Ns, ;j{;'ne / hgd'vL x'g'kg{] h:tf gf} a'“b] dxŒjk"0f{ z}lIfs dfu /flvPsf] 5 .
kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf af]Ng' x'“b} ;+u7gsf cWoIf u'0f/fh nf]xgLn] eGg'eof]– lzIff h:tf] ;+j]bgzLn If]qdf eO/x]sf c;dfg gLlt, lgod vf/]hL ul/g'k5{ . lzIff cfh{g ug{ kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ nfu" ub{} ;Dk"0f{ gful/ssf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] ;dfg lzIff xfl;n ug{ kfpg'kg{]df pxf“n] hf]8 lbg'eof] .
kqsf/x?sf] lh1f;fsf] pQ/ lb+b} pxf“n] cem cufl8 eGg'eof]– xfdLn] hgjfbL / Jofjxfl/s lzIffdf ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf 5f}+ . klZrdL g]kfndf hgjfbL lzIff cWofkg u/fOPsf] 5 . hgjfbL lzIffsf] d'Vo p2]Zo eg]sf] uf;, af;, skf;, :jf:Yo / lzIffsf] Uof/]G6L ug{' xf] . xfd|f] hgjfbL lzIff k"0f{?kdf Jofjxfl/ssf] ;fy;fy} j}1flgs 5, eGg'x'“b} lzIfsx?n] ef]u]sf sl7gfOsf lj?4 ;xsfo{ u/L lzIfs cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;fy lb+b} ;d:ofsf] xn ug{] s'/fdf k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] .
u0ftflGqs dhb'/ df]rf{sf] u7g
sf7df08f}÷g]kfnL hgtfsf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] rfxgfcg'?k ;Dk"0f{ dhb'/ ;+3;+:yfnfO{ ;d]6\g] p2]Zon] ldqz/0f zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf oxL efb| ^ ut] sf7df08f}df ;+o'Qm u0ftflGqs dhb'/ df]rf{ g]kfnsf] u7g ePsf] 5 .
o;eGbf cufl8 g} u7g ePsf] ;+o'Qm nf]stflGqs dhb'/ df]rf{nfO{ kl/dflh{t u/]/ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ agfOPsf] s'/f ;+of]hs ldqz/0f zdf{n] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 .
;a} dhb'/ ;+u7gnfO{ Pp6} ;femf gf/f u0ftGq g]kfn :yfkgfsf] ;+3if{df PsLs[t ug]{ df]rf{sf] p2]Zo ePsf] klg lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f 8F“sfx? lu/km\tf/
oxL ebf} !) ut] laxfg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_, wflbË lhNnfsf] Pl/of kf6L{ / hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] wfs{] ahf/df bh{gf} 7fpFdf rf]/L tyf n'6kf6 ug]{ lu/f]xnfO{ ;dft]sf 5g\ . pQm lu/f]xn] sf7df08f}, wflbË, g'jfsf]6 / uf]/vfsf bh{gf} 7fpFdf n'6kf6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . ;f] u'\ksf gfOs] ;'o{ axfb'/ tfdfË /x]sf] / p;sf] g]t[Tjdf s]jnk'/ uf=h=; cfrfo{ kf]v/Lsf zDe' d'8j/L, eQmaxfb'/ tfdfË, km'ndfg 3n], ;Gtf]if nfdf, /fds[i0f bfxfn nufot aL; hgfsf] l6d 5 . To;} ;d"xsf km'ndfg 3n]n] Ps hgf s]6L;d]t a]lr;s]sf] :jLsf/]sf] 5 . lu/f]xsf ;De' ltjf/L n'6kf6, rf]/L / gSsnL dfcf]jfbLs} cleof]udf h]ndf k/L Ps dlxgf cl3 dfq} 5'6]sf] lyof] . o;}aLr cfOtaf/ ! ah] /flt ;f]xL 6f]nLsf] dx]Zj/ clwsf/LnfO{ 6]s'af6 hg;]gfsf] Ps 6f]nLn] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . tL ;a} lu/f]xnfO{ clxn] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf a'emfOPsf] 5 .

cGo ;dfrf/

u0ftflGqs ;f“:s[lts cleofg

ag]kf÷ ut ;fpg @& ut] pb\3f6g eO{ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf jl/kl/sf Ps bh{geGbf a9L :yfgx?df ;~rfng ePsf] u0ftflGqs ;f“:s[lts cleofg oxL efb| * ut] sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;]g–Rofª ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf] cfof]hgfdf r'g–lzNkf, lzj–zf/bf / cg]sf]6 ;f“:s[lts sDkgLsf] sl/a $) hgfsf] snfsf/x?sf] ;xeflutfdf pQm cleofg ;DkGg ePsf] xf] .
cleofgsf] clGtd lbg ag]kfsf] do"/ rnlrq dlGb/df ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;lxbsf /utn] ntkltPsf /ftf em08f / Aofg/n] emlsemsfp b]lvGYof] . sl/a ;ft÷cf7;o hg;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmd ;]g–Rofª ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sL ;+of]hs b]js'df/L g]kfnn] ;~rfng ug{'ePsf] lyof] . cGt/f{li6«o uLt ufogaf6 sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] lyof] .
o'uf}+o'ub]lv ;dfhdf h/f uf8]sf] cGofo, cTofrf/, zf]if0f, bdg / 5f8f ;“:s[ltnfO{ kfvf nufp“b} b]zLo ;fdGtjfb ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbL ;“:s[ltnfO{ wf/fzfoL agfp“b} ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ng pRr lzv/df k'u]sf] 5 . k"j{d]rLblv klZrd dxfsfnL;Dd lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{ / ljs6 ufp“a:tLx?df hgjfbL uLtx? u'l~h/x]5g\ . ;j{xf/fju{ u'd]sf] clwsf/ lkmtf{ ug{ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf dxfg\ cfGbf]ngaf6 uf]naGb eO/x]5g\ . k';df3sf] s7flu|g] lr;f], ;fpgefb|sf] em/L, afbn, h'sf, ad, af?b / uf]nLsf k/f{;+u} v]Nb} / cGwsf/ /ftnfO{ lrb{} laxfgL a;Gtsf] /ftf] 3fd;+u} ;'Gb/tfdf cfwfl/t gof“ ;“:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ cft'/ 5g\ hgsnfsf/x? .
;w}+ 5f8f uLt;+uLtn] u'~hodfg x'g] ;f] xn hgtfsf] b'Mv, kL8f, cf“z', xf“;f] / /utsf kmfN;fx?af6 l;lh{t uLt / b'Zdgsf] d'6'df 9\ofª\u|f] 7f]Sg] vfnsf 3f]lrnf, k]lrnf clg hf]lznf uLt;+uLtn] u'~hodfg ePsf] lyof] . ;f] ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmddf ? %) b]lv Ps xhf/;Ddsf] l6s6 b/ /flvPsf] lyof] .
tLg 306f;Dd rn]sf] ;f] sfo{qmddf snfsf/x?n] bz{sx?nfO{ k"/} xn g} :tAw x'g] u/L cfk\mgf lk|o hLjg;+uLx? n8fO“sf] df]rf{df le8\bfle8\b} ;lxb ePsf cfkmGthgx? u'd]sf] If0fnfO{ ck]/faf6 k|:t't u/]sf lyP . …;+u} lx+8\g] ;xofqL e]6\g ;lsPg, w]/} lyof] OR5fx? d]6\g ;lsPg, Xbodf sf]/]sL 5' pgn] ug{] sfd . /QmjLh xf] ;lxb, /utaf6 hlGd/xG5g\ 9n]/ s] eof] Ps oxf“ xhf/ hlGd/xG5 .Ú af]nsf] uLt;lxtsf] ck]/f k|:t't ubf{ l;Ëf] xn zf]sdUg b]lvGYof] .
t/ cf“z'df 8'la/x]sf bz{sx?nfO{ snfsf/x?n] k]ml/ hf]z / cfqmf]z yk] . …au}+rfdf a;Gtsf k"mn k'mNg yfn], /fhdfu{df hg;]gf k/]8 v]Ng yfn]Ú eGb} hg;]gfsf] 8«];df ;lhPsf snfsf/x? xftdf aGb's / em08f ;dfp“b} sDd/df v's'/L 6Nsfp“b} gfr]sf] b[Zon] ;a}nfO{ på]lnt agfPsf] lyof] . o;/L g} ef]hk'/L, tfdfª, g]jf/L efiffsf uLtx?df 8«];df ;lhPsf snfsf/x?n] cfk\mgf] k|:t[lt lbO/x]sf lyP .
sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] ;“:s[lt emNsfpg] g]jf/L uLt …P xf“:g g;Sg]x? xf] † lhGbuL ;w}+el/ /f]P/ t sf6\g ;ls+b}g xf]nf <Ú eGg] af]nsf] g]jf/L efiffsf] uLtdf g]jf/L 8«];df sfgdf k"mn, sfnf] sf]6 / 6f]kLdf ;lhPsf snfsf/x?n] km/s vfnsf] dgf]/~hg k}bf u/fPsf lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf 1fg]Gb|–s]kL cf]nLnfO{ hh{ a';n] hf]lt/x]sf] b[Zo;lxtsf] Kof/f]8L uLt / gfr k|:t't ubf{ l;Ëf] xndf xf“;f]sf] kmf]xf]/f 5'6]sf] lyof] . Kof/f]8Lsf] af]n lyof]– ltd|f] ufnL vfOlbg] g d} 5', ltd|f] wf]tL wf]Olbg klg d} 5' P eujfg dfkm kfp“ laGtL gd:t], P a'; lsgb]pm g e6e6] . b]z}el/ rln/x]sf] u0ftflGqs ;f“:s[lts cleofgcGtu{t ljz]if If]qdf em08} b'O{ xKtf;Dd rn]sf] ;f“:s[lts cleofgn] o; If]qsf hgtfdf u0ftflGqs r]tgfnfO{ cem :kfltnf] agfpg 7"nf] d2t k'u]sf] s'/f ;]g–Rofª ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf ;+of]hs b]js'df/ g]kfnn] atfpg'eof] . – ;'lgtf /]UdL ;lxb kl/jf/x?sf] e]nf tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmd
a'6jn ÷ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ?kGb]xL lhNnfsf] cfof]hgfdf ;lxb kl/jf/x?sf] e]nf tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmd ;fgbf/ 9+un] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly tyf ?kGb]xL lhNnf O~rfh{ s=jL/h+un] eGg'eof]– …ef}lts?kdf cfkmGthg u'dfp“bf Psk|sf/sf] kL8f x'g] g} eof] . cf“z'sf] jiff{ x'g] g} eof] . pxf“x?sf] zxfbtdf l;Ëf] kf6L{ b'Mlvt ePsf] 5 . t/ ljz'4 cf“z'df 8'Ag] ul/of] eg] ;lxbsf] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 7xl/+b}g .Ú
;f]xL sfo{qmdsf] aLrdf lIflth ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] Pp6f ;Gb]zd"ns :6]h uLt k|:t't u¥of] . To;}u/L cg]d;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o cfzf vgfnn] klg efjljx\jn x'“b} eGg'eof]– …xfdL xf“:bfxf“:b} /f]Psf 5f}+, ?“bf?“b} xf“;]sf 5f}+ . xfdL h'ga]nf df]rf{ xf/]sf x'G5f}+, w]/} ;fyL u'dfPsf x'G5f}+ 7Ls To;}a]nf w]/} ?G5f}+ . xfdLn] h'ga]nf b'Zdgsf sf“8]tf/x? tf]8\5f} . To;a]nf xfdL v'zL x'G5f}+ . jf:tjdf cfk\mgf d'6' 6'lqm+bf :jefj}n] cf“z'sf] wf/f em/]sf] 5 . t/ klg tkfO{sf cfkmGthgx? /ftf] Oltxf;df n]lvPsf 5g\ . pxf“x?sf] af6f]df xfdL nfda4 5f}+ . ;f“rf] cy{df tkfO{x? kf6L{sf] dfu{bz{s x'g'x'G5 .
;f] sfo{qmddf s=clez]ssf] ;~rfng, s=ljzfnsf] :jfutefif0f / s=gjLgsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . $% hgf ;lxb kl/jf/hgx?dWo] @( hgfsf] ;xeflutf ePsf] lyof] . pQm e]nfn] Ps hgf kl5 yKg] u/L gf} ;b:oLo …;lxb kl/jf/ lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldltÚ u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;+u7gsf] cWoIf gjLg, ;lrj dfof sfp5f, sf]iffWoIf dx]Gb| e'iffn ;fy} ;b:ox? qmdzM luk]Gb| /fjt, df]xDdb xgLkm, g'?hxf / ho l;+v8f x'g'x'G5 . ;f]xL sfo{qmdsf] cGtdf ;Dk"0f{ ;lxbsf kl/jf/x?nfO{ lhNnf O~rfh{ s=jL/h+un] ;dj]bgfkq;lxt caL/ dfnf nufP/ ;Ddfg ug{'sf] ;fy} s]xL ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] .

;'b"/klZrddf hg;]gf M lzlj/ v8f u/L hg>ddf
88]Nw'/f ÷ 88]Nw'/f lhNnf ;b/d'sfdeGbf @% ls=ld= 6f9f au/sf]6 uf=h=;=sf] 6Kkfn]sdf hgd'lQm ;]gf c:yfoL lzlj/ v8fu/L :yfgLo ufp“3/df ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df h'6]sf 5g\ . ;ftf} l8lehgsf] ax'lj/ of]4f la|u]8sf nueu cf7 ;o hgd'lQm ;]gf / :yfgLo kf6L{ sfo{stf{;lxt Ps xhf/eGbf a9L d]gkfj/ hgftfsf ;fy ljsf; lgdf{0f, vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO{, lzIff / r]tgfsf ;fy} :j:Yo rf}sLsf] :yfkgf u/L hg;]jfdf nfu]sf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] xltof/ zflGt jftf{ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf afws 5 eGg]x?nfO{ ufp“df cfO{ a'em\g cfu|x ub{5f}+– :yfgLo df=lj= lzIfs b'uf{ kf08] eGg' x'G5 .
xltof/;lxt ufp“n]sf 3/v]tdf uO{ ds} af]Sg], wfg uf]8\g], hgtf;+u} s'nf] l;+rfO vGg] sfo{df nfu]sf hg;]gfnfO{ ufp“n]x? cfk\mg} 5f]/f5f]/L ;DemL /ft lbg nfluk/]sf 5g\ . zfxL ;]gfaf6 kLl8t ufp“n] hgtf hgd'lQm ;]gf;+u} ldn]/ ;xsfo{ ug]{ / af“8Lr'8L vfg] eGb} c:yfoL lzlj/nfO{ :yfoL u/L ufp“d} a:g cfu|x ul//x]]sf 5g\ . oxL % ut] ;}Go lzlj/sf] pb\3f6g ug'{ x'b} ;]=d=If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf 88]Nw'/f lhNnf O~rfh{ s=l;lsGb/n] hgd'lQm ;]gfn] ljutdf b]vfPsf] jL/tf ;fx; / alnbfgL ca hgtfsf] ;'v b'Mvdf ljsf; lgdf{0fdf nfUg] atfpg'eof] .
;f] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xsf] ;efkltTj ug{ ePsf la|u]8 sld;/ s=s'j]/n] pTkLl8t zf]lift hgftfsf] nflu nl8/x]sf] ;j{xf/fju{sf] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{af6 j}rfl/s n}; ePsf] hg;]gf ;b}j hgtfsf] ;]jfdf nflukg]{5 eGg'ePsf] lyof] .
k|yd gful/s ;Dd]ng
d'n's uDeL/ ;+qmd0f sfnaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] / /fHo k'g;{+/rgfsf] dxŒjk"0f{ 38Ldf b]lvg yfn]sf ;d:ofx? Pj+ pTkGg x'g] cj:yfsf af/]df 88]NW'f/fdf k|yd gful/s ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . olta]nfsf] hNbf] aNbf] k|Zg eg]sf] ;fj{ef}d ;Qfsf] k|of]u sxf“ s]lGb|t ug]{ < style="font-weight: bold;">k'/fgf] ;+;b lj36g u/L cGtl/d Joj:yflksfsf] k|:tfj kfl/t
u/Psf] 5 ;f] ;Dd]ngdf ;a} /fhg}lts bnx? ljb|f]xL kIf gful/s ;dfhsf ;a} kIf, k'/fgf] /fHo ufp“ lhNnfsf nAw k|ltli7t JolQmŒj kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/sdL{nufot cfd gful/ssf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg eof] . ;Dd]ngdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf ;]=d= If]qLo Jo'/f] ;b:o tyf 88]Nw'/f lhNnf O~rfh{ s=l;lsGb/, a'l4hLjL ;+u7gsf lhNnf cWoIf s=ejfgL P]/, ljBfyL{ lhNnf g]tfx?n] cf–cfk\mgf wf/0ff /fv]sf lyP . nf]stflGqs u0ftGqjfbL df]rf{ lgdf{0f M
g]kfn /fli6«o a'l4hLjL ;+u7g ;]tL dxfsfnL If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldltsf] rf}yf] a}7s ;+u7gsf ;+of]hs s=;'Gb//fh /]UdL sf] cWoIftfdf 88]Nw'/fdf a:of] . pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o tyf lhNnf cWoIf sd/]8x?n] cf–cfk\mgf] If]qsf] l/kf]l6{ª k]z ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . l/kf]l6{{ªkZrft\ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ lgdf{0f gePsf lhNnfx?df tTsfn af}l4s JolQmŒjsf] u0ftflGqs df]rf{ u7g ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .
……;a} vfn] if8oGq / jf}l4s zf]if0fsf lj?4 cf“wLdo cfGbf]ng . Jofks jf}l4s df]rf{ lgdf{0f Pj+d nf]stflGqs uf0ftGq :yfkgfy{ rf}yf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng ††Æ d"n gf/sf ;fy c;f]h *÷( ut] sf7df8f}+df x'g] rf}yf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngnfO{ eJotfsf ;fy ;kmn kfg{ k|rf/ k|;f/df nfUg] lg0f{o ul/of] . g]kfn /fli6«o j'l4lhjL ;+u7g 88]Nw'/f lhNnf cWoIf s=ejfgL P]/sf] ;+of]hsŒjdf !! ;b:oLo u0ftflGqs df]rf{sf] u7g ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;]=d= If]qLo Jo'/f] ;b:o tyf 88]Nw'/f lhNnf O~rfh{ s=l;lsGb/åf/f k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] o; a}7ssf] cGtdf ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:oåo bLk]Gb| r'sfxf / /fdaxfb'/ s]=;L=n] cfk\mgf cg'ej tyf yk ;Nnfx;lxtsf] dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
Hfgcbfntdf d'2fsf] cf]O/f]
88]Nw'/f k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] cbfntk|lt ljZjf; u'dfP/ hgcbfntdf cfpg] kLl8tx?sf] ;+Vof lbgfg'lbg al9/x]sf 5g\ . lhNNff hgcbfnt 88]Nw'/fsf] btf{ kmfOn x]bf{ ljleGg k|s[ltsf nueu 5 bh{g d'2f Ps dlxgfleq k/]sf 5g\ . lhNnf hgcbfnt k|d'v s=ljsf;sf cg';f/ uPsf] dlxgf nueu rf/ bh{g d'2fsf] lsgf/f nufO;s] klg cem} @)–@@ d'2fsf] km};nf x'g af“sL 5 . ljleGg vfn] d'2fx?df s;/L km};nf u/LPsf 5g\ egL k|Zg ubf{ lhNnf hgcbfnt k|d'v ljsf;sf] egfO 5– æd'2fsf] k|s[lt x]/L jfbL k|ltjfbLx?sf aofg, tYo, ;f“rL, dgf]lj1fg / hgtfsf] /focg';f/ km};nf ug]{ ul/G5 . o;f] ubf{ bf]ifL garf];\ / lgbf]{if gkm;f];\ eGg] s'/fdf ;r]t /x“b} lg0f{o ul/G5 .
ljutdf k'/fgf] ;Qf;+u ;Lldt 3]/fleq /x]sf] gu/kflnsfsf Ps bh{geGbf a9L d'2fx? ;fpg dlxgfleq btf{ ePsf 5g\ . k'/fgf] cbfntdf ;fpg dlxgfel/ hDdf b'O{ d'2f btf{ ul/Psf] e]§fOG5 t/ hgcbfntdf ;f]xL cjlwdf nueu 5 bh{g hlt d'2f btf{ ePsf] af6 klg hg rfxgf / ljZjf; stflt/ /x]5 eGg] ;lhn} a'em\g ;lsG5 . k'/fgf] Gofo k|0ffnLk|ltsf] cfsif{0f / gof“ ;Qfsf] Gofo k|0ffnLk|ltsf] cfsif{0f / l56f] 5l/tf] lgMz'Ns, plrt Pj+ j}1flgs / j:t'jfbL lje]bk"0f{ Gofoaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f hg;d'bfo nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .
ldng P]/
cf:yfsf aGbLx? cem} 5f]l8Pgg\
sf7df8f}+÷g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ / ;ft bnLo ;/sf/ cf:yfsf ;Dk"0f{ aGbLx? l/xfO ug{] ;xdlt eP klg e'mf d'2fsf ?kdf cf:yfsf aGbLx?dfly nufOPsf] Hofg d'2fsf sf/0f w]/} cf:yfsf aGbLx? sf/fuf/d} /x]sf 5g\ .
s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/ sf7df8f}+df clxn] kf“r hgf cf:yfsf aGbLx? e'mf Hofg d'2fdf lx/f;tsf] hLjg latfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . sf/fuf/df &) jifL{o a[4 s[i0faxfb'/ u'?ª klg x'g'x'G5 . pxf“nfO{ @)%$ ;fndf ndh'Ë sflnsf6f/ k|x/L rf}sL cfqmd0fsf] e'mf Hofg d'2f nufOPsf] 5 . To;}u/L emfkfsf efg'eQm cfrfo{nfO{ jL/u~hsf d]o/ uf]kfn lu/LnfO{ df/]sf] egL e'mf Hofg d'2f nufOPsf] 5 .
To;}u/L k/z'/fd l/dfnnfO{ bf]nvfsf] d}gfkf]v/L rf}sL cfqmd0fdf Hofg d'2f, sfe|]sf Zofd nfdfnfO{ lagf s'g} ;fdu|L kqmfp u/]/ nfu" cf}ifw;DaGwL e'mf d'2f nufPsf] 5 . cf:yfsf aGbLnfO{ nfu" cf}ifwsf] d'2f nufpg' lj8Dagf xf] . To;}u/L k|x/Ld} hflu/ /x]sf g'jfsf]6sf u0f]z sfsL{nfO{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] cf/f]kdf Hofg d'2f nufO/fv]sf] 5 .
otf cf:yfsf aGbL l;Gw'nLsf x]daxfb'/ e'h]nnfO{ k|]dgfy clwsf/Lsf] xTofdf ;+nUg /x]sf] e'mf Hofg d'2f nufO{ @)%$ ;fnb]lv y'lg/x]sf] 5 .
o;}aLr /f}tx6sf] uf}/ sf/fuf/df /xg'ePsf rGb]|Zj/ a}7fnufotsf aGbLx? xfn;Dd l/xf gePsf]df ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLsf] /f}tx6 k|ltlglwx?n] ;+o'Qm?kdf lj1lKt hf/L u/L u[xdGqL;dIf l/xfOsf] dfukq k]z u/]sf 5g\ .
;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] ;xdltcg'?k ;Dk"0f{ aGbLx?nfO{ 5f]8\g'kg{]df ljut ;/sf/n] Hofg d'2f nufO y'g]sf cf:yfsf aGbLx?nfO{ jt{dfg ;/sf/n] g5f]8\g'n] hg;d'bfo cfZro{df k/]sf 5g\ .
otf ef/tsf] a]p/ h]n k6gfaf6 l/xf x'g'ePsf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o nf]s]Gb| lji6nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ?s'd lhNnfsf] cfof]hgfdf oxL ebf} $ ut] ;f+v ufh; k"mnv]tdf clegGbg ul/Psf] 5 . bL3{ :d[lt la|u]8 sld;f/ s=qmflGt, lhNnf O~rfh{ cgn / :yfgLo hgtfåf/f k"mndfnf / caL/ nufP/ nf]s]Gb| lji6sf] clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Pp6f j6flnog ;nfdL ck{0f u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf nf]s]Gb| lji6n] dGtJo /fVb} clegGbgn] cfk"mnfO{ cem} b]z / hgtfsf] lglDt n8\g xf};fPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf l;:g] kl/jf/n] aLr–aLrdf cfk\mgf] k|:t'lt b]vfPsf lyP .

dfcf]jfbLåf/f af]nkq v'Nnf
kj{t÷dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb kj{tn] lhNnfsf cfGt/Ls ;|f]tx?df cfx\jfg u/]sf] af]nkq cfOtaf/ v'Nnf u/]sf] 5 . kl/ifb\n] kj{t lhNnfleqsf gbL tyf vf]nfx?af6 lgsflng] lu6L, afn'jf, /f]8fsf] ;fy} k'g k|of]u x'g] sjf8L ;fdfg, k'n s/ / d[t hgfj/sf] xf85fnf l;ªsf] nflu klqsfdfkm{t\ af]nkq v'nfPsf] xf] .
pQm ;|f]tx?df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] c;f/ @* ut] ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L ;fpg !! ut] ;Demf}tf u/L s/ c;'Ng z'? u/]tf klg hgkl/ifb\sf] P]gcg';f/ s/ nufpg ;Sg] eGb} lhlj;sf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ /f]Ssf u/fPsf lyP .
kl/ifb\sf] sfof{nodf vf]lnPsf] pQm 6]08/ cg';f/ kj{t pxf“sL uflj;sf lrqaxfb'/ u'?ªn] lu6L, afn'jf / /f]8fsf] nflu !@ nfv tLg xhf/ tLg ;o #) ?k}of“ %) k};f, k'ns/sf] nflu Ps nfv %) xhf/ kf“r ;o %) ?k}of“ %) k};f / k'gM k|of]u x'g;Sg] sjf8Lsf] nflu b'O{ nfv kf“r xhf/ kf“r ;o %% ?k}of“ %) k};fdf af]nkq ;b/ u/fPsf 5g\ . To;}u/L d[t hgfj/sf] xf8 5fnfdf ltnfxf/sf k|sfzh+u nfld5fg]n] tLg xhf/ ?k}of“df 6]08/ ;b/ u/fPsf 5\g\\ . cf7 hgfn] uf]Ko l;naGbL af]nkq a'emfPsf]df pgLx?n] ;a}eGbf a9L /sddf af]nkq xfn]sf] kl/ifb\n] hgfPsf] 5 .
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] eg] 9'Ëf lu6L jfn'jf /f]8f p7fpg !$ nfv !^ xhf/, k'gM k|of]u x'g;Sg] sjf8L dfnsf] b'O{ nfv &% xhf/, k'ns/ b'O{ nfv %) xhf/ tyf d[t hgfj/sf] xf85fnf lgsf;L s/df ;ft xhf/df 7]Ssf :jLs[t ul/;s]sf] lyof] . lhlj; kj{tn] oxL ;|f]taf6 b'O{ hgf sfo{qmd clws[t / cGo gf} hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ tna v'jfp“b} cfPsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] lhlj;n] 7]Ssf lbPsf] k6s] ;jf/L s/df eg] 6]08/ v'nfPsf] 5}g .
pQm af]nkqaf6 kl/ifb\nfO{ !% nfv ^@ xhf/ rf/ ;o #! ?k}of“ %) k};f cfDbfgL x'g] ePsf] 5 t/ c;dfGo kl/l:ylt cj:yf x]/L 7]s]bf/nfO{ ldgfxf ug{ ;lsg] dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ;/f]hn] atfpg'eof] . 7]s]bf/af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLaf6 lhNnfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f tyf k|efljt If]qsf hgtfsf] nflu vr{ ul/g] ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf sfo{jfxs k|d'v lji0f' nfld5fg]n] atfpg'eof] .
e]/L s0ff{nLdf PsLs[t u0ftflGqs cleofg

g]kfnu~h ÷ e]/L–s0ff{nLsf !) lhNnfdf …;fdGtL if8\oGq / ;fd|fHojfbL x:tIf]ksf] Jofks e08fkmf]/ u/f}+, nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ hgkl/rfng tLj| kf/f}+Ú eGg] gf/fsf ;fy e]–s PsLs[t u0ftflGqs cleofg ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 .
cu|ufdL lgsf; lgl:sof];\ eGg] p2]Zon] ;~rflnt cleofg e]/L c~rnsf] af“s], alb{of, ;'v{]t, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6 / s0ff{nL c~rnsf] x'Dnf, h'Dnf, d'u', sflnsf]6 / 8f]Nkfdf ;~rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;f] cleofgsf af/]df …e]–sÚ If]qLo Jo"/f]sf O~rfh{ s=k|sf08n] e]/L s0ff{nLsf hgtfnfO{ abln+bf] kl/l:yltsf] hfgsf/L lbg] nIo /x]sf] atfp“b} eGg'eof]– æu0ftflGqs cleofg /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o /fhg}lts 36gfqmd / To;n] dfu u/]sf] cfTdut cj:yfsf] u'0ffTds ljsf;nfO{ b[li6ut u/L lglZrt nIo k|flKtsf nflu gof“ ljlw;lxt hgtfsf aLrdf s]Gb|Ls[t, wSsfd"ns / 3gLe"t sfo{qmdsf] ?kdf …e]–sÚ PsLs[t u0ftflGqs cleofg ;~rfng ug{]df xfd|f] If]qLo Jo"/f] k'u]sf] 5 .Æ
ut ;fpg @) ut]b]lv @# ut];Dd ;'v{]tsf] u'dLdf ePsf] If]qLo k|lzIf0fdf klZrd sdf08 O~rfh{ s=lbjfs/sf] ljz]if pkl:yltdf pb\3fl6t cleofgn] …/fhg}lts kl/rfng / x:tIf]ksf] Jofks a[l4 u/f}+, ;+u7g ;'b[9 Pj+ lj:tf/ sfo{nfO{ gof“ :t/df p7fcf}+ hgtfsf] ;]jf u/f}+, hg;DaGwnfO{ gof“ :t/df ;'b[9 u/f}+Ú eGg] ;xfos gf/f klg jflnª, kf]i6l/ª ug{ yfn]sf] 5 .
;f] cleofgn] kf6L{n] cjnDag u/]sf] tTsfnLg sfo{gLltsf] j}1flgstf / To;sf] Jofjxfl/s dxŒjaf/] cfGtl/s / hgk+lQmdf :ki6tf xfl;n ug{ / kf6L{sf] ;j{xf/fs/0fsf ;DaGwdf Pstf, ;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0fdf ljz]iftM ?kfGt/0fnfO{ hf]8 lbg ljrf/wf/fTds nIo /fv]sf] atfOG5 .
o;}u/L cleofgdf ;xefuL x'g] kf6L{ / ha; df]rf{sf g]tf sfo{stf{sf cg';f/ u0ftflGqs cleofgn] ;dfhsf ;a} tx / tKsfnfO{ ljutsf ;a} k|sf/sf cfu|x / k"jf{u|xnfO{ d]6\g] u/L e]63f6, 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of rnfpg] ePsf] 5 .
/fhg}lts?kdf w'|jLs/0f x'“b} uPsf] /fhg}lts dfxf}nnfO{ u0ftflGqs tx;Dd p7fpg ljz]if hf]8 lb+b} cufl8 a9\g] ;f] cleofgn] ;lxb, aGbL, a]kQf, 3fOt], ;]gf / k"0f{sfnLgsf 3/kl/jf/df /fhg}lts sfdnfO{ k|fylds sfo{;"rLdf /fVg] of]hgf ag]sf] klg cleofgsdL{x? atfp“5g\ .
cleofgsdL{x?n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ca ;a} lhNnf kf6L{ / ha;x?n] u0ftflGqs df]rf{ lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ tbf?stf lbg] nIonfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 . o;f] t u0ftflGqs cleofgn] cfwf/Onfsfdf ;+u7g ;'b[9 / zx/L tyf ;b/d'sfd Onfsfdf Jofks ;+u7g lj:tf/ ug{] klg ePsf] 5 .
efjL ;+3if{ -;+ejtM t];|f] hgcfGbf]ng_ sf] j}rfl/s tyf ef}lts?kn] tof/L elg/x]sf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x?n] cfkm"x?nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] u/]sf] Jojxf/n] ;f] tof/L h?/L ePsf] dfq geO{ cfjZos;d]t /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ .
ufp“b]lv zx/ / ;b/d'sfdx?;Dd pTkfbg, hg;]jf, ljsf; lgdf{0f / hgtfsf 3/fo;L ;d:of;+u hf]l8P/ hg;DaGw gof“:t/df ;'b[9 x'g] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL /x]sf Jo"/f] O~rfh{ s=k|sf08n] atfpg'eof] .
eQmk'/df a'l4hLjL ;Dd]ng
eQmk'/ ÷æ;a}vfn] if8oGqsf lj?4 ;zQm af}l4s cfGbf]ng, u0ftGq g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fdf k|lta4 rf}yf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngÆ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ut zlgaf/ g]kfn /fli6«o a'l4hLjL ;+u7g eQmk'/sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+u7gs} s]Gb|Lo cWoIf sf]dn a/fnåf/f pb\3fl6t ;Dd]ngn] /fhg kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftfdf b'O{ ;b:o kl5 yKg] u/L @# ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . cGo kbflwsf/Ldf pkfwoIf xl/ s]=;L=, ;lrj k"0f{ nfld5fg], ;x;lrj pd]z nD;fn / sf]iffWoIf uf}/f l/hfn x'g''x'G5 .
;Dd]ng ;kmntfsf] sfdgf JoQm ug{]x?df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ eQmk'/ lhNnf O~rfh{ xl/ If]qL, ;+u7gsf sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cWoIf e"ld b]jsf]6f, clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ eQmk'/sf gj/fh b'nfn, clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g eQmk'/sf /d]z u'/fufO{+, blnt d'lQm df]rf{ eQmk'/sf /fh]Gb| lj=s=, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ eQmk'/sf jL/]Gb| a:g]tnufot x'g'x'GYof]
.

l/kf]6{?
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqjfbLx?sf] ;+sNksf] nx/

bLk]Gb| /f]sfof
sf7df8f}+÷b]zdf cu|ufdL lgsf; lg:sf];\ / ;f9] b'O{ s/f]8 g]kfnLn] cfÎgf] efUo / eljio cfkm} lgdf{0f ug{ ;s"g\ eGg] rfxg] b]zeQmx? qmdzM nf]stflGqs u0ftflGqs df]rf{ lgdf{0f sfo{df h'6]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu x'g] ;a} kxn / sfdsf] ;dy{g / kZrufdL sfdsf] lj/f]wdfq xf]Og b]zLljb]zL if8\oGqsf] kbf{kmf; ug]{ sfo{df cfkm"x? h'6]sf] klg atfPsf 5g\ .
o;/L ag]sf df]rf{ x'g\– jl/i7 jfdkGyL g]tf eQm axfb'/ >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t /fli6«o hgd~r g]kfn / zflGtsf] nflu a'l4hLjL cleofg, b]zeQm nf]stflGqs d~r / /fli6«o cleefjs ;+3sf] ;lqmo kxndf k|f=/fddfg >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ag]sf] nf]stflGqs df]rf{ .
ha ha b]zdf ef/t / cd]l/sL rnv]n gfËf] ?kdf x'G5, To;a]nf ;d;fdlos ljifodf nf]stGqjfbL / u0ftGqjfbLnfO{ Ps 7fp“df NofP/ ;a}sf] Pp6} k|xf/ agfpg] ljrf/ uf]i7L ub}{ cfPsf] 5– /fli6«o hgd~rn] . hgd~rsf ;+of]hs >]i7 eGg'x'G5– æxfdLn] cu|ufdL lgsf;sf afws sf] x'g\ eGg] s'/f g]kfnL hgtfsf aLr s'/f] grkfOsg /fVg] k|oTg u/]sf 5f}+ .Æ pxf“n] cfkm"x?sf] ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd eg]sf] b]z / hgtfsf] efjgfljkl/t x'g] sfds'/fsf] lj/f]w ug]{ /x]sf] / hgd'lQmsf nflu x'g] ;a} vfn] lg0f{odf ;dy{g x'“b} cfPsf] klg atfpg'eof] .
#@ ;b:oLo nf]stflGqs df]rf{sf ;+of]hs k|fWofks >]i7nfO{ cem} ;Demgf cfp“5, rf/ jif{ cl3;Dd ;+ljwfg;efsf] gfd lng klg 8/fpg] hdftsf] . pxf“sf] egfO 5, æs:tf] lj8Dagf eg] g]kfndf hfGg];'Gg]n] g} ;+ljwfg;efsf ljifodf af]Ng 8/fp“y], ToxL a]nf xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;ef s] xf] < style="font-weight: bold;">æTo;}n] t k|To]s c~rn, lhNnf x'“b} ufp“:t/;Dd nf]stflGqs / u0ftflGqs df]rf{ u7g x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .Æ
;+of]hs /fddfg >]i7sf] ljrf/df k"0f{ nf]stflGqs u0ftGq x'“b} hgu0ftGq;Dd hfgsf] nflu o:tf df]rf{x?n] plrt jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb5g\ .
!) jif{sf] hgo'4sf] hudf ePsf] !( lbg] hgcfGbf]ng kZrft\sf] /fli6«o cfjZostfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;+o'Qm u0ftflGqs df]rf{ ut r}q @$ ut] u7g ePsf] 5 . df]rf{sf ;+of]hs v]d yklnofn] lbg'ePsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ @@ lhNnfsf u0ftGqjfbLx?nfO{ e]nf u/]/ k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] / ;f] e]nf kZrft\ u0ftGq gfds a'n]l6g tLg k6s k|sfzgdf NofO;lsPsf] 5 . %! ;b:oLo ;+o'Qm u0ftflGqs df]rf{sf] p2]Zodf cfd g]kfnLnfO{ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf afws / ;fws sf] x'g\ eGg] ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg] /x]sf] atfOG5 .
k"j{ ;f+;b eLdaxfb'/ s7fotsf] g]t[Tjdf ag]sf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGq df]rf{ g]kfnsf] nIo / p2]Zo klg o:t} 5 . df]rf{n] k"j{ d]rLb]lv klZrd dfxsfnL;Dd ePsf] b]zLljb]zL rnv]n / jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] s8f cfnf]rgf ub}{ k"j{ / klZrdsf If]qLo sfo{qmddf cfÎgf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglwx? Jo:t /x]sf] atfPsf] 5 . df]rf{sf pkfWoIf /jLGb| s]=;L=n] clxn] ;+ljwfg;ef ;a}n] eGg] t/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj} x'g glbg] ;+;bsf] v]n ljb]zL Ozf/fdf e}/x]sf]n] ;f]sf] lj?4df d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Dd u0ftGqjfbLx?sf] ;Gb]z lbg h?/L 7fg]sf] atfpg'eof] .
To;f] t g]kfndf c;+ul7t t/ gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jfsf] ?kdf rL/kl/lrt 8f= b]j]Gb|/fh kf08], kß/Tg t'nfw/, s[i0f kxf8L, 8f=;'Gb/dl0f bLlIft, Zofd >]i7, vu]Gb| ;+u|f}nfx? g]kfndf k':tf}+b]lv /fh u/]/ b'Mv lbg] /fhtGqsf] cGTo g} clxn]sf] cfjZostf ePsf]df hf]8 lbg'x'G5 . cd]l/sf / ef/tsf] l/df]6af6 g]kfn ;/sf/ rNg vf]Hb} 5 eGg] ljZn]if0f ub}{ cfpg'ePsf gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jfx?n] ut dlxgf sf7df8f}+sf] j;Gtk'/ 8anLaf6 elg;s]sf 5g\– æolb oxL rfn xf] eg] ltdLx?sf] s7fnf] ;dft]/ ;bgaf6 ;8sdf NofP/ ;8s5]psf] 9ndf l;gf] dfg]/ ldNsfpg] 5f}+ .Æ
o;/L g} k~rfotsfnaf6 ;+3if{/t hgjfbL df]rf{sf /fd/fhf l;+xn] klg nf]stGqjfbL / u0ftGqjfbLx? Ps eP/ cufl8 cufl8 a9\g] ;do cfPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ! gDa/sf] zq' /fhtGqnfO{ dfgfy{ /fVg'kb{5 eGg]x? zq' ePsf] atfp“b} g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ gof“ af6f] b]vfpg] sfd dfcf]jfbLafx]s c?n] ug{ g;s]sf] dfq xf]Og ub}{ gu/]sf] atfpg yfNg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] syg 5, æof] b]zsf] lhDdf dfcf]jfbLn] lnPdfq ;lk|G5 .Æ
b]zdf yk /Qmkft gxf];\ / cu|ufdL lgsf; oyfzL3| ug{ ;sf];\ eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy tTsfn k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g u/L cGtl/d ;/sf/ u7g ug'{kg]{, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ ldlt 3f]if0ff ug'{kg]{ nufotsf dfu /fvL ;+3if{sf] d}bfgdf &% j6} lhNnfsf :jtGq b]zeQmx? plqg yfn]sf 5g\ .
k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ pbo e§sf] ;+of]hsTjdf uf]/vf–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs d~r ciff9 !) ut] u7g ePsf] lyof] . ;f] d~rn] uf]/vfaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfOa;]sf s/La $) xhf/ uf]vf{nLsf aLrdf k'u]/ cfufdL ^ dlxgfleq @) xhf/ uf]/vfnLx?nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{ nIo ;lxt cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu gful/s cfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfp“b} cfPsf] 5 . d~rsf] cfof]hgfdf ;fpg % ut] cf7a'“b] ;xdlt / gof“ g]kfn ljifos ljrf/uf]i7L ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
x't/fh kGtsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !( ;b:oLo lrtjg–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ u7g ePsf] 5 . ;f] df]rf{n] Ps ljrf/uf]i7L ;DkGg u/]s] / ;a} k|sf/sf cu|ufdL lgsf;sf cfGbf]ngdf lrtjgaf;Lsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf u/fPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .
ptf bf]nvfaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfP/ a;]sfx?n] b]j/fh zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf @ hgf kl5 yKg] u/L !% ;b:oLo bf]nvf–sf7df8f}+ uf0ftflGqs df]rf{ u7g u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;f] df]rf{sf ;lrj xl/åf/ s'“j/n] lbg'ePsf] 5 . @) xhf/ bf]nvfnLx? /fhwfgLdf /x]sf] / pgLx?sf] aLrdf u0ftGqjfbL r]tgf lbg cfkm"x? ciff9 @$kl5 lqmofzLn /x]sf] ;f] df]rf{n] hgfPsf] 5 .
wflbËaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfP/ a:g]x?sf] Ps e]nfn] rqmaxfb'/ e08f/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !! ;b:oLo wflbË–sf7df8f}+ uf0ftflGqs df]rf{ cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . g'jfsf]6af;Lx?n] klg /fhwfgLdf uf]kL e08f/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !% ;b:oLo g'jfsf]6–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5g\ . l;Gw'nLaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfPsfx? klg ;+ul7t eP/ cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu cfÎgf] kxn a9fpg d's'Gb uh'/]nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf @% ;b:oLo l;Gw'nL–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs df]rf{sf] cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . o:t} u/L tgx'“–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ cfof]hs ;ldltdf k|sfz cs]nf / afun'Ë–s7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ cfof]hs ;ldltdf xl/s[i0f zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf u7g ePsf 5g\ .
kj{t lhNnfaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfPsfx?n] cfÎgf] xslxtsf nflu hgcfGbf]ngtfsfaf6} pdfsfGt e"t]{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf kf“r ;b:oLo kj{t–sf7df8f}+ u0ftflGqs d~r u7g ePsf] 5 . ;f] d~rn] kj{taf;Lx?sf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqk|lt /x]sf] ;xfg'e"lt / ;lqmotfnfO{ phfu/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
o;}aLr If]qLo pTkL8g vlk/x]sf] s0ff{nL k|b]zaf6 sf7df8f}+ cfP/ ljleGg k]zf / Joj;fodf lqmofzLn ePsf s0ff{nLaf;L ;+ul7t eP/ s0ff{nLsf] :jfoQtf / cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu s0ff{nL u0ftflGqs d~r lgdf{0fdf nfu]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] hgfb]znfO{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ x/]s ;+3if{df s0ff{nLsf] klg ;xeflutf / lg0ff{os txdf s0ff{nLsf] kx'“r k'¥ofpg pQm d~r lqmofzLn x'g] atfPsf 5g\ .
o;/L b]z nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdo aGb} uPsf] / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqlj?4 hfg vf]Hg] ;:+yf / JolQmnfO{ r'gf}tL lbg]x?sf] b]zdf gof“ ;+sNksf] nx/ km}ln“b} 5 .

;DkfbsLo

cGtl/d ;+ljwfgnfO{ oyfzL3| k"0f{tf b]p
kGw| lbgleq cGtl/d ;+ljwfg d:of}bf tof/ ug{ egL afn'jf6f/ lzv/ jftf{sf] cf7a'“b] ;xdltn] lbPsf] lgb{]zgcg';f/ u7g ul/Psf] d:of}bf ;ldltn] k"0f{tf k|fKt ug{ dfq sl/a Ps dlxgf nfu]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt 5 . k"j{GofofwLz nId0f cof{nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf 5 hgfaf6 u7g k|lqmof yfngL ul/Psf] d:of}bf ;ldltdf tLg ls:tfdf ;f]x| hgf k'¥ofPkl5 dfq k"0f{ k|fKt u/]sf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] lyof] . o;/L d:of}bf ;ldlt u7g k|lqmofb]lv g} lvrnf] z'? ug{' ;Qf;Lg /fhg}lts bnx?df /x]sf] cu|ufdL /fhg}lts k|lta4tfsf] cefj dfq xf]Og hgefjgfsf] 3f]/ ckdfg klg xf] .
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kf“ra'“b] ;xdltkl5sf /fli6«o 36gfqmdx?df cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x?sf] rnv]n s:tf] b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <
b'a} ;]gfnfO{ a/fa/L x}l;otdf /fv]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] cjlw;Dd To;sf] cg'udg ug{], To;kl5 kl/0ffdcg';f/ k'gM;+of]hg u/]/ gof“ ;]gf lgdf{0f ug{] h'g ;xdlt lyof], To;sf] ljk/Lt c;f/ !* ut] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3nfO{ kq n]lvof] . To;df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] xltof/ cnUofpg] slyt l8sld;lgª eGg] zAb k|of]u ul/of] . To;n] g} ;d:of l;h{gf u/]sf] xf] . Tolta]nf g} ;/sf/ if8oGqdf p2Q lyof] eGg] k|i6 ePsf] xf] . xfdLn] 7"nf] ;+3if{kl5 ;fpg @$ ut] To;nfO{ ;RofP/ gof“ kf“ra'“b] lr7L t n]Vof} t/ To;kl5 klg tL if8oGqsf/L zlQmx?n] cfk\mgf] if8oGqnfO{ hf/L /fv] . clxn];Dd klg cfn6fn ub{} /fhgLlts ;xdlt lagf PskIfLo?kdf xltof/ Joj:yfkgsf] s'/f p7fpg] k|oTg ul//x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] of] zflGtjftf{ cufl8 hfg g;s]sf] xf] . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 cfP klg /fhgLlts ;xdlt sfod x'g ;s]g eg] p;n] oxf“ s]xL ug{ ;Qm}g . lsgls ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] e"ldsf eg]sf] ;xof]uL e"ldsf dfq} xf] . cf7a'“b] ;xdltsf] efiffdf k|i6 x]g{'eof] eg] ;]gf / xltof/sf] Joj:yfkg xfdLn] g} ug{'kg{], To;df ;xof]u dfq ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] ug{] eGg]5 . To;sf] cy{ ToxL xf], ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 cfkm}+ cfP klg /fhgLlts ;xdlt lagf p;n] s]xL ug{ ;Qm}g .
clxn] ev{/} cd]l/sLx?sf] ;+;bLo 6f]nL oxf“ cfPsf] 5 . oxf“sf ;f+;bx? klg k'/fgf] ;}lgs d'Vofnodf 3'd]/ cfPsf 5g\, of]] ;+of]u dfq} xf] h:tf] nfU5 tkfO{nfO{ <
of] uDeL/ cGt/f{li6«o k|ltlqmofjfbL if8oGqsf] kl/ro xf] eg]/ xfdLn] a'‰g'kb{5 . lsgls !@ a'“b] ;dembf/Lsf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf k|ltlglw df]l/of6L{n] v'n]/} lj/f]w u/] . cf7a'“b] ;xdltsf] klg v'n]/} lj/f]w u/] . kl5Nnf] kN6 xfdLn] s] yfxf kfof}+ eg] ef/tLo zf;sju{sf] Pp6f tKsf h;n] nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngk|lt s]xL ;xfg'e"lt /fVYof], Tof] klg cGTodf cfP/ k]ml/ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbLx?s} nfOgdf uO/fv]sf] 5 . g]kfndf zfxL ;]gfnfO{ ;fy lnO{ ;+;bjfbLsf] sf“wdf aGb's /fv]/ qmflGtsf/L lj?4 ;f]‰ofpg] if8oGq eO/fv]sf] 5 eGg] e/kbf{] hfgsf/L xfdLn] kfPsf 5f}+ . To;} l;nl;nfdf g} of] afx\o rnv]n b]lvg] u/L ePsf] xf] . o;af6 ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm g]kfnLx? ;ts{ /xg / Tof] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;fd|fHojfbL if8oGqnfO{ k/f:t ug{ rgfvf] x'g c;fWo} h?/L 5 eGg] xfdL cfx\jfg ug{ rfxG5f}+ .
;]/]df]lgon lsË u7aGwglj?4 nf]stflGqs u0ftflGqs u7aGwgsf] nflu df]rf{ lgdf{0fsf] kxn s]–s:tf] ePsf] 5 <
lglZrt?kdf xfdLn] Tof] s'/fnfO{ af]w u/]/ g} slyt ;]/]df]lgon /fhtGqjfbL wf/sf lj?4 nf]stflGqs u0ftGqjfbL wf/nfO{ alnof] kfg{ Pp6f a[b\ ;+o'Qm df]rf{ sfod ug{'k5{ eGg] kxn ul//x]sf 5f}+ . Tof] lbzfdf cfGtl/s u[xsfo{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . sltko kf6L{x?n] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] kIfdf lg0f{o ul/;s]sf 5g\ / ;+o'Qm df]rf{ agfP/ hfg] lg0f{o klg u/]sf 5g\ . sltko ;d"xx?, JolQmx?, gful/s ;dfh k]zfut ;+u7gx?, hftLo, If]qLo, ;+u7gx? hf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf kIfdf 5g\, oL ;a};+u s'/fsfgL u/]/ Pp6f a[xb\ e]nfdfkm{t\ a[xb\ u0ftflGqs df]rf{ agfP/ cufl8 a9\g'kb{5 eGg] k|oTg xfdLn] ul//fv]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] s] ljZjf; 5 eg] l5§} g} Tof] k|oTg ;kmn x'g]5 . To;n] Tof] k|ltufdL if8oGqnfO{ c;kmn kfg]{5 / ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu{ k|z:t ug{]5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] a]nfdf klg Tof] u0ftflGqs df]rf{n] b]zdf u0ftGqsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{] lbzfdf dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng]5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ ljZjf; 5 .
g]kfn h:tf] b]zdf ;]/]df]lgon lsË lsg cfjZos / ;+ej 5}g <
b'lgof“sf] Oltxf; kN6fP/ x]g{'eof] eg] /fhtGq eg]sf] ;fdGtjfbL /fHoJoj:yfsf] /fhgLlts k|ltlglw xf] . ;fdGtjfb cGTo eO;s]/ k"“hLjfbsf] ljsf; ePsf] 7fp“df t k"“hLkltju{n] Pp6f gfd dfqsf] cfn+sfl/s /fhtGq kl5 lkmtf{ u/]/ sof}+ 7fp“df /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ . o"/f]ksf sltko b]zdf Tof] ePsf] 5 . Tof]b]lv afx]s ;fdGtjfbL /fhtGq cfkm}+ cfn+sfl/s tyf ;]/]df]lgon /fhtGqdf kl/0ft ePsf] ljZj Oltxf;df s'g} klg pbfx/0f 5}g . To;sf] ckjfb g]kfndf x'g ;Qm}g . lsgls cfn+ssf/L /fhtGq eg]sf] k"“hLjfbL hudf v8f x'g] /fhtGq xf], hals g]kfndf k"“hLjfbL nf]stGqs} ljsf; eO;s]sf] 5}g . oxf“ x'g] s'g} klg gfdsf] /fhtGq eg]sf] cGttM lg/+s'z /fhtGq g} xf] . To;}n] xfdLn] /fhtGqsf] s'g} klg lap /fVg' eg]sf] k|sf/fGt/n] ;fdGtjfb / lg/+s'ztGqnfO{ hf]ufpg' g} xf] . g]kfndf k"“hLjfbL hgjfbL qmflGt k"/f geP;Dd cfn+ssf/L /fhtGq /fVg] k|oTg ug{' eg]sf] k"“hLjfbL hgjfbL qmflGtnfO{ k"0f{tf glbg' xf] . ;fdGtjfbnfO{ l6sfO /fVg' xf] . To; cy{df of] hfndf xfdL km:g} x'“b}g . /fhtGqsf] s'g} klg gfpsf] lap g]kfndf /fVg' x'“b}g . of] xfd|f] :ki6 egfO xf] .
hgcfGbf]ngaf6 ag]sf] elgPsf] ;/sf/sf] hgtfsf k|To]s sfddf klg l9nf;':tL 5, . s] ca ;+3if{ cfjZos 5 eGg] k'li6 ePsf] xf] < jt{dfg ;/sf/n] hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{}ub{}g . /fhgLlts lx;fan] klg hgcfGbf]ngsf] d'Vo zlQmdWo] Ps ltxfO zlQm xf] . ;+;bjfbL Ps ltxfO, dfcf]jfbL Ps ltxfO xf] eg] gful/s ;dfh csf{] Ps ltxfO xf] . clxn] dfcf]jfbL zlQm / gufl/s ;dfh cfd hg;d'bfo Tof] eGbf aflx/ 5g\ . hf] ;+;bjfbL zlQm hgcfGbf]ngsf] Ps ltxfO zlQm dfq} xf] To;n] zfxL ;]gfsf] cf8df cfk"mnfO{ cGtl/d ;/sf/, hgcfGbf]ngaf6 :yflkt ;/sf/ eGg] kfv08k"0f{ 3f]if0ff ul//x]sf] 5, Tof] ;/f;/L a]OdfgL xf] . o;n] hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgf / dd{cg'?k s'g} klg sfo{qmd cufl8 a9fpg ;Qm}g . clxn];Dd o;n] u/]sf ;+;bsf sltko lg0f{ox?, To;sf ah]6x? pxL k~rfotsfnsf / ljut ;+;bjfbL sfnsf] lg/Gt/tfafx]s xfdL s]xL klg kfp“b}gf}+ . ha ls clxn] hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]lift / :ki6 dfu eg]sf] ljutsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f“:s[lts ;+/rgfaf6 u'0ffTds ;DaGw–laR5]b ug{] lyof] . To;}n] cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmx?n] km]l/ Pp6f t];|f] hgcfGbf]ngsf] l;h{gf u/]/ o;nfO{ k/f:t ug{'kb{5 . hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfcg'?k cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0f b]zdf nfu" ug{'kb{5 . ;+3if{sf] cfjZostf t 5“b}5 ;+u;+u} ;+jfb klg Ps lsl;dn] hf/L 5, casf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{ cyjf lzv/ jftf{ s]–s] s'/fdf s]lGb|t x'g'kb{5 <
casf] lzv/ jftf{ hgcfGbf]ngsf] d'Vo dfu nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{] / /fhtGqk|lt jkmfbf/ /lxcfPsf] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ lj36g ug{], To;df cfd"n cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f ug{]df s]lGb|t x'g'k5{ . hgcfGbf]ngsf dfu k"/f ug{] lx;fan] jftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9\5 eg] 7Ls 5 xf]Og eg] tL d"ne"t Ph]08f k5fl8 kf/]/ vfnL k'/fg}nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] 9+un] jftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg vf]lhG5 eg] jftf{ wf]sfk"0f{ dfq x'G5 To;sf] hfndf xfdL kmf:g' x'“b}g eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfU5 . To;}n] casf] jftf{ k|lqmof eg]sf] l;w} u0ftGqjfbL zlQmx?nfO{ g]t[Tj k|bfg ug{] ls gug{] <>ca k'/fgf] /fhtGqsf gof“ cjtf/ gof“ e"tsf] ?kdf logLx? cufl8 cfO/x]sf 5g\, ltgnfO{ g]t[Tj ;'lDkP/ ltgs} g]t[TjcGtu{t lrh cufl8 a9\5 eGg] ljZjf; xfdLdf 6'6]sf] 5 . To;n] klg logLx?sf] lj?4df xfdL ;+3if{df hfg' g} d'Vo cfjZostf xf] eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 jftf{ rflx+ clxn] ;xfos aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . clxn] b]zJofkL?kdf dfcf]jfbLn] cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g u/]sf cf/f]kx? nflu/x]sf 5g\ . s] of] if8oGq dfq} xf] t <
of] afxfgfafhL dfq xf] . lglZrt?kdf tNnf]:t/df l56k'm6 36gf gePsf xf]Ogg\ . xfd|f] tk{maf6 klg sdLsdhf]/L ePgg\ egL xfdL eGb}gf}+ . t/ Tof] lans'n uf}0f s'/f xf] . To;nfO{ axfgfafhL agfP/ jftf{ ef“8\g] / oyfl:ylt sfod ug{] k|oTg ePsf] 5, Tof] g} k|d'v kIf xf] . To;}n] lemgfdl;gf lgx'“df xfd|} lj?4 h'n'; k|bz{g ug{], hgtf eg]/ cfk\mg} cf;]kf;] dfG5]nfO{ ptfg{] d08n], s'08n]x? ptf/]/ ljWj+z dRrfpg] h'g k|oTg ;+;bdf ePsf kf6L{x?s} g]t[Tjdf eO/x]sf] 5 o;n] s] b]vfp“5 eg] of] jftf{ ef“8\g], oyfl:ylt nDAofpg] k|oTg xf] . To;} ePsf] x'gfn] klg of] if8oGqnfO{ lr/]/ a]n}df kbf{kmf; ug{'kb{5 / hgtfsf] u0ftGqjfbL zlQmx?sf] 5'§} ;+3if{sf] wf/nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kb{5 eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] .
cfd pTkLl8t g]kfnL hgtfn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_lt/} x]l//x]sf 5g\ lsgls clxn] cl:tTjdf /x]sf / 7"nf elgPsf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? Psk6s ;Qfdf uPsf] hgtfn] b]lv;s] ltgLx?sf] g]t[Tj klg x]l/;s] ca tkfO{x?n] hgtfnfO{ s] s'/fsf] nflu tof/ /xg cfx\jfg ug{'x'G5 <
of] b'O{;o c7\tL; jif{ k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfsf] cy{tGq / ;fdflhs ;+/rgfdf cfd"n kl/jt{g clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] . To;sf] lglDt /fhgLlts clw/rgfdf /fhtGqsf] cGTo / zfxL ;]gfsf] lj36g u/]/ gof“ /fli6«o ;]gfsf] lgdf{0f of] /fhgLlts IF]qdf dxŒjk"0f{ k|Zg xf] . bf];|f] k|Zg eg]sf] v; cfo{ cx+sf/jfbdf cfwfl/t ;fdGtL PsfTds /fHo;QfnfO{ cGTo u/]/ pTkLl8t hflt / If]qsf] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ / :jzf;g sfod x'g] u/L /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgfsf] gof“ 9f“rf lgdf{0f ug{'kg{] s'/f 5 / t];|f] dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f eg]sf] oxf“sf ax';+Vos ul/a ls;fgsf kIfdf qmflGtsf/L e"ld;'wf/ ug{], ljb]zLaf6 pTkLl8t cy{tGqnfO{ d'Qm u/]/ /fli6«o cf}Bf]lus/0fsf] gLlt nfu" ug{] h:tf cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf sfd klg oxf“ af“sL 5g\ . /, of] Ph]08f oL k'/fg} ;+;bjfbL /fhfjfbL zlQmx?n] k"/f ug{ ;Qm}gg\ lsgls /fhtGqsf] #) jif{] k~rfotL sfndf klg Tof] x'g ;s]g . ;+;bjfbLx?sf] !@ jif{] zf;gsfndf klg x'g ;s]g . /fHosf] ;du| k'g;{+/rgf, /fHo / ;]gfsf] k'g;{+/rgf / cfly{s If]qdf cfwf/e"t k'g;{+/rgf ug{sf] lglDt dfcf]jfbL zlQmsf] g]t[Tjdf gof“ nf]stflGqs u0ftflGqs /fHo;Qf lgdf{0f ug{' afx]s csf{] ljsNk 5}g . To;}df uf]naGb x'g cfdhgtfnfO{ cfx\jfg ub{5f}+ .
cGtl/d ;/sf/df uO;s]kl5 dfcf]jfbL;+u 5'§} ;]gf /xg' vt/fsf] s'/f xf] eg]/ s]xL kf6L{x? eGb}5g\, pgLx?nfO{ s] eGg'x'G5 <
Tof] t a]OdfgLk"0f{ egfO xf] . !@ a“'b] / cf7a'“b] ;xdltdf g} k|i6 elgPsf] 5– b'a}yl/ ;]gfnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg cjlwdf cnu–cnu /fv]/ lgu/fgL ug{] / To;kl5 b'a} ;]gfsf] k'g;{+of]hg u/]/ gof“ /fli6«o ;]gf lgdf{0f ug{] . klxNo} eO;s]sf] ;xdlt ljk/Lt uP/ clxn] gfd k]ml/Psf] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ rflx+ /fli6«o ;]gfsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{ vf]Hg] t/ nf]stGqsf] lglDt n8]sf] ul/a ls;fg, blnt, dhb'/, dlxnfn] ag]sf] ;dfj]zL hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ lj36g u/fpg] if8oGq eg]sf] ;ft ;fnb]lvsf] Oltxf;sf] k'g/f{j[lQ u/fpg] if8oGq dfq} xf] . To;df xfdL k6Ss} km:g' x'“b}g . lj36g ug{'kg{] eg]sf] zfxL ;]gf xf], t}klg xfdLn] clxn]sf] ljlzi6 zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfnfO{ Wofg lb+b} b'a} ;]gfnfO{ lj36g ug{'sf] ;f6f] b'a}nfO{ lgu/fgLdf /fvf}+ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kl5 b'a}sf] k'g;+of]hg u/L gof“ /fli6«o ;]gf lgdf{0f u/f}+ eg]sf 5f}+ . pgLx?sf] gAa] xhf/sf] ;]gf / xfd|f] #% xhf/sf] ;]gf hDdf ldnfP/ Ps nfv kRrL; xhf/sf] ;]gf x'G5 . clxn]sf] g]kfnsf] ljlzi6 ;Gbe{df Tolt 7"nf] ;]gfsf] ;f6f] cfwf 36fP/ /fli6«o ;]gf lgdf{0f u/] x'G5 eGg] xfd|f] k|:tfj xf] . t/, of] s'/fnfO{ jf:tf gu/]/ xfd|f] nf]stGqjfbL ;]gfnfO{ lj36g ug{] k|oTg u/]sf 5g\ . Tof] l;w} ;fd|fHojfbLx? / /fhtGqjfbLx?sf] xftaf6 v]Ng] k|k~rdfq} xf] . To;}n] xfdL o:tf] k|k~rdf gkm:g ;ft kf6L{eqsf OdfGbf/ nf]stGqjfbLx?nfO{ ljz]if cfu|x ub{5f}+ .
åGå Joj:yfkg;DaGwL 8L8Lcf/ eGg] ;"q oxf“ nfu" ug{ vf]lh+b}5 . Tof] ;"q k]mn eO;Sof] eGg] tkfO{x?;+u s] ts{ 5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df s:tf] gof“ ljlw x'g;S5 <
slyt 8L8Lcf/ kmd{'nf ;fd|fHojfbLx?n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] kmd{'nf xf] . 8L8Lcf/ cyf{t l8:cfdL{ª, l8df]eLnfOh];g / l/OlG6«u];g eGg] pgLx?sf] tLg r/0fsf] ;"q xf] . Tof] eg]sf] Pp6f k/flht ;]gfdf nfu" x'g] s'/f xf] . o'4df xfg{]nfO{ s;/L lgz:q kfg{] / gof“ /f]huf/L lbP/ Joj:yfkg ug{] eGg] s'/fdf cfwfl/t 5 . h'g ;]gf k|ltqmflGtsf/L rl/qsf] x'G5 / h;sf] rl/q nf]stGq lj/f]wL x'G5 To:tf] lj36g ug{'kg{] ;]gfsf] xsdf Tof] nfu" x'G5 . hals g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df hgd'lQm ;]gf eg]sf] t ljhoL ;]gf xf] . of] xf/]sf] ;]gf xf]Og, en} kmf}hL 9+un] k"/} ljho geP klg /fhgLlts / g}lts lx;fan] of] ljhoL ;]gf xf] . bf];|f] s'/f hgd'lQm ;]gf eg]sf] cu|ufdL ;f]+r;lxtsf] nf]stGqjfbL ;]gf xf] . of] ;]gf t /fli6«o ;]gfsf] d]?b08 aGg'kb{5 . o:tf] ;]gfnfO{ lj36g u/fpg] s'/f s'g} klg xfntdf x'“b}g . To;}n] ;fd|fHojfbLx?n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] 8L8Lcf/sf] kmd{'nf g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df k6Ss} nfu" x“'b}g . of] s'/f xfdLn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] 6f]nLnfO{ klg /fv]sf 5f}+ . pgLx? klg l;4fGttM s] ;xdt 5g\ eg] pgLx?n] hxf“–hxf“ 8L8Lcf/ kmd{'nf nfu" u/] Tof] kmd{'nf oxf“ nfu" x'“b}g . oxf“sf] cfjZostf eg]sf] b'a} ;]gfnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/]/ gof“ /fli6«o ;]gf lgdf{0f ug{'kg{] cj:yf xf] eGg] s'/f pgLx?n] klg :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] 8L8Lcf/sf] ;§f pgLx?n] csf{] kbfjnL æP;P;cf/Æ ;]So'l/6L, ;]S6/ l/kmd{ -;'/Iff If]qsf] ;'wf/_ eg]/ csf{] kmd{'nf klg pgLx?n] cufl8 ;f/]sf lyP . xfdLn] 8L8Lcf/ eGbf P;P;cf/ Ps r/0f cufl8 5 eGof}+ . ef]ln Tof] ;'wf/ -l/kmd{_ eGg'eGbf klg k'g;{+/rgf -l/:6«Srl/ª_ eGg' 7Ls x'G5 eg]/ xfdLn] ;'emfj lbPsf 5f}+ . P;P;cf/ -;]So'l/6L ;]S6/ l/:6Srl/ª_ eGg] kbfjnL g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df nfu" x'G5 . of] g} clxn]sf] oyfy{ xf] . o;nfO{ /fd|f];+u a'‰g vf;u/L ;'/Iff lj1x?;+u xfdL ljz]if cfu|x ub{5f}+ .
Tof] ;DaGwL hgd'lQm ;]gfsf pRr sdf08/x? ;xdt x'g'x'G5 <
o; s'/fdf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf pRr sdf08/x? Pp6f /fhgLlts ;]gf ePsf]n] /fhgLlts lg0f{ocg';f/ h];'s} ug{ klg ;xdt x'g'x'G5 . To;df hgd'lQm ;]gf ;xdt x'“b}g ls, sdf08/ ;xdt x'“b}gg\ ls eGg] h'g cfz+sf km}nfpg vf]lhPsf] 5 Tof] e'm6f] k|rf/afhL dfq} xf] . xfd|f] /fhgLlts ljrf/åf/f n}; ;]gf ePsf] x'gfn] /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] h] lg0f{o ub{5, To;nfO{ cIf/; kfngf ug{] k|lta4tf xfd|f] ;du| ;}Go ;+/rgfsf sdf08/sf] 5 . To;af/]df cfz+sf JoQm ug{'kg{] s'g} 7fp“ 5}g .
Oltxf;lt/ Psrf]l6 k]ml/ kmls{g rfxG5f}+, clxn];Ddsf /fhgLlts 36gfqmdsf] j}1flgstf g]skf -dfcf]jfbl_sf] r'gjfª a}7s;+u s;/L hf]l8G5 <
r'gjfª a}7ssf s]xL o'ufGtsf/L dxŒjsf s'/fx? 5g\ . klxnf] s'/f j}rfl/s lx;fan] cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf Pstf, ;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0fsf] ljifonfO{ a'‰g] q'l6x? lyP . kf6L{leq cGt/;+3if{ rn]kl5 To;nfO{ ?kfGt/0fsf] k|lqmofn] xn u/]/ gof“ cfwf/sf] gof“ Pstf lgdf{0f ug{'sf] ;f6f] Pstf, ;+3if{ / k"m6, lj36g x'g] Pp6f k/Dk/f a:b} cfPsf] lyof] . To;nfO{ tf]8]/ Pstf, ;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0f d'Vo?kdf ?kfGt/0f xf] eGg] gof“ ljrf/sf] k|ltkfbg u¥of] . To;}sf] cfwf/df xfd|f] kf6L{ Psl9Ssf ag]/ cufl8 cfof] . gof“ pmhf{ kf6L{leq / aflx/ ;dfhdf klg ;[hgf u¥of] . To;n] clxn]sf] cfGbf]ngdf !@ a'“b] ;dembf/L x'“b} r}q–j}zfvsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf PsLs[t efj;lxt cl3 a9\g d2t k'¥ofof] . bf];|f] kIf eg]sf] r'gjfª a}7sn] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df k'/fgf] /fhgLlts÷kmf}hL /0fgLlt h'g bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] /fhgLlts kmf}hL /0fgLlt xf] To;nfO{ clxn]sf] ljlzi6 cj:yfdf ljsl;t u/]/ bL3{sfnLg hgo'4 / ;z:q ljb|f]xnfO{ k\mo'hg;lxt Pp6f gof“ 9+usf] kmf}hL /fhgLlts sfo{lbzf ljsf; ug{'k5{ eGg] dfGotf cufl8 ;f¥of] . To;}sf] cfwf/df xfdLn] ufp“df s]lGb|t bL3{sfnLg hgo'4 / zx/ s]lGb|t hgcfGbf]ngsf] k\mo'hg;lxt cufl8 a9\b} cfPsf 5f}+ . To;n] Pp6f gof“ kmf}hL /fhgLlts sfo{lbzf cufl8 a9fpg] lbzfdf klg sfd ul//fv]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] hgjfbL qmflGtnfO{ To;}n] lgisif{df k'¥ofp“5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . /, To; lx;fan] r'gjfª a}7ssf] o'ufGtsf/L dxŒj 5 . To;}sf] cfwf/df To;sf] hudf pleP/ g} g]kfndf oL dxfg\ kl/jt{gx? eO/x]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f xfdL ;a}n] a'‰g'k5{ . o;sf] j}1flgstf o;/L k'li6 eO/x]sf] 5 .
s=k|r08n] kl5Nnf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf k|:t't ug{'ePsf] clk|n y]l;;sf] j}1flgstf cfhsf] lbg;Dd slt k'li6 ePsf] 5 . To;sf] ;dLIff ug{] a]nf eof] ls ePg < style="font-weight: bold;">;s];Dd xfdLn] jftf{dfkm{t\ g} d'n'snfO{ nf]stflGqs u0ftGq;Dd k'¥ofpg] k|oTg ug{], jftf{åf/f nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdf k'luPg eg] k]ml/ Pp6f zx/ s]lGb|t hgcfGbf]ngsf] cf“wLa]x/L ;[hgf u/]/ hgljb|f]xdfkm{t\ klg nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg'k5{ eGg] j}slNks af6f] to ul/Psf] lyof], To;}nfO{ xfdLn] clk|n y]l;; eg]sf lyof}+ .
To;nfO{ xfdLn] b'O{j6f sfo{gLlt eGof}+ . Pp6f jftf{dfkm{t\ g} nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdf k'Ug] k|oTg ug{] . k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] if8oGqn] Tof] x'g lbPg eg] hg;+3if{ / hgljb|f]xsf] dfWodn] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{] . Tolt;Dd k'Ug bf];|f] sfo{gLlt klg ckgfpg'k5{, To;sf] nflu klg tof/L ug{'k5{ eg]sf lyof}+ . To;}nfO{ xfdLn] clk|n y]l;; eg]sf lyof}+ . ljut rf/ dlxgfsf 36gfqmdn] Tof] ;xL ;fljt u/]sf] 5 / clxn] klg jftf{sf] ljsNk k"/} 6'+lu;Sof] eGg] t xf]Og t/ Tof] ljsNk ;fx|} IfL0f / sdhf]/ x'“b} uO/fv]sf] 5 . ca xfdLn] hgcfGbf]ng / hgljb|f]xsf] sfo{gLltdf a9L hf]8 ug{'kb{5 eGg] Jojxf/n] k'li6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . k|:t'lt– dgClif lwtfn÷ch{'g yklnof

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åGå/t jt{dfg / syfdf To;sf] cjt/0f
8f=uf]kLGb| kf}8]n
l;ª\uf] dfgjOltxf; Pp6f syf xf] eg] xfdL dfG5] To;leqsf rnodfg kfq . dfgj cyf{t\ o'usf] lgdf{tf, Oltxf;sf] lgdf{tf, syfsf] ch;| ;|f]t / ;f/yL . ;dosf] Joltqmddf lgdf{0f ePsf] dfgjOltxf; syfsf] d]?b08 . syfsf] sylotf, ;|f]tf / ef]Qmf dfg5] syfaf6 c5'tf] /xg ;Sb}g . To;}n] dfgjOltxf; Pp6f syf xf] / Pp6f syf dfgjhfltsf] Oltxf; xf] . syf cyf{t\ dfgjhfltsf] cfk\mgf] syf, cfkm}n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] syf / cfk\mg} nflu lgdf{0f u/]sf] syf . cem o;f] egf}+ snfkf/vL dfG5]sf] snfs[lt–syfs[lt .
åGå ;dfhljsf;sf] k|lqmof, juL{o ;fdflhs ;+/rgfleqsf] clgjfo{ cfjZostf . ToxL cfjZostfsf hudf 6]s]/ g} g]kfnL ;dfh åGå/t /x]sf] 5, s]xL ;dootf Tof] k|lqmof 3gLe"t ePsf] 5 . ToxL åGå syfdf ;d]t 3gLe"t x'g' clgjfo{ cfjZostf xf] t/ cfjZostfcg'?k åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfh / To;sf j}ljWonfO{ syfdf 3gLe"t u/fpg] sfo{ ck]Iffs[t ?kdf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL ;dfhdf ljBdfg juL{o åGåsf] k|ltlaDag sljtf, uLt / ;+:d/0fdf hlt tLj|tfsf ;fy x'g ;Sof] Tof] l:ylt syfdf b]lvPg . o;f] x'g'sf k5fl8 s]xL ;Ldf / ;d:of cjZo} 5g\, ltgsf] klxrfg u/]kl5 dfq} oyfy{af]w x'g;S5 . vf; u/]/ ljwfut ljlzi6tfsf sf/0f klg syfsf t'ngfdf sljtf, uLt / ;+:d/0fdf kf]lvg ;lhnf] 5 . sljtf, uLt / ;+:d/0fdf cg'e"ltsf] lj:tf/ / ljGof;df hlt tLj|tf / ;xhtf /xg ;S5 syfdf To;f] x'g g;Sg'sf] sf/0f o'4e"ldsf aLraf6 / ;x/L e"ldaf6 ;d]t syf n]vgsfo{ sd} dfqfdf ePsf] 5 eGg' cgy{ gxf]nf . syf n]Vbf a]nufd / a]/f]s6f]s kf]lvg gkfOg], ;+od / cg'zf;g cln a9L rflxg], oyfy{sf] rog / k|f?kLs/0f clg kfq, kl/j]z, lqmofJofkf/ 36gfsf] Jojl:yt ljGof;, afx\o agf]6 clg cfGtl/s a'gf]6 knkndf ;ts{tfnufot cGo ljwfsf t'ngfdf s]xL e}memd]nf a]xf]g{' kg{] . of] Pp6f jf:tljstf x'g ;Snf t/ l;h{gsdL{x?, Oltxf;sf lgdf{tfx? / kl/jt{gsf cg'ofoLx? hl6ntfs} aLraf6 l;h{gzLn Ifdtf / k|ltefnfO{ pkof]u ul/5f8\5g\ / syfn]vgnfO{ ;/n agfp“5g\ .
g]kfnL ;dfhdf ljBdfg åGånfO{ ljleGg 9ª\un] syfdf cjtl/t u/fpg] sfo{ @)%#÷)%$ ;fnb]lv g} ePsf] kfOG5 . ljutdf ;x/df a:g] ;|i6fx?n] åGå;DaGwL ;'g]a'em]sf 36gfk|;ª\unfO{ k|f?kLs/0f u/]/ ;ª\3if{sf ljleGg afGsL tyf To;sf lj?4 /fHoåf/f ;~rflnt hgxTof / /fHocftª\s;DaGwL lgs[i6 sfo{nfO{ pbfª\uf] kfg{] sfd u/]sf 5g\ . cyf{t\ @)%@ ;fnotf g]kfnL ;dfhdf 3gLe"t ePsf] åGå / åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfhsf j}ljWonfO{ syfn]vgsf] ljifo;fdu|L agfP/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] kl/jt{gsf] rfxgfk|lt uDeL/ rf;f] / lrGtf syfsf/n] k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . /d]z ljsnsf] …cftª\sjfbLÚ -dw'ks{_, vu]Gb| ;ª\u|f}nfsf …/f]Nkfsf] /ldtfÚ -snd !M#_ / s'/fpgLsf] l/Qf] k]?ª\uf] -pT;fx, @)%$ df3_, Clif/fh a/fnsf …cfh–ef]lnsf] uLtÚ, …Pp6f jgdfG5]sf] syfÚ -jgdfG5]sf] syf_ / …;dj]bgfdfWodÚ -j]bgf, @)%^–ebf}_, 3gZofd 9sfnsf …cftª\sjfbLÚ, …5fkfdf/sf] vf]hLÚ, …dgleq k'mn]sf] nfnLu'/f“;Ú -cfhsf] dxfef/t_ / …k|hftGqÚ -j]bgf @)%^ ebf}_, O:dfnLsf] …;Tod]j hot]Ú -snd_, k"0f{lj/fdsf] …wGojfb g]K6] ;fsL{Ú -j]bgf, @)%^–ebf}_, ;L=kL= uh'/]n]sf] …;f]d]Ú -j]bgf, @$M@_, uf]ljGb jt{dfgsf] c“Wof/f]df chfdLn -j]bgf, @)%^–ebf}_, ljj; j:tLsf] …eL/df}/Lsf] dxÚ -snd_ cflb syf hgtfsf kª\lQmaf6 ePsf Tofu / pT;u{ tyf ;/sf/åf/f ;~rflnt s7f]/ bdgsf ;hLj b[i6fGt x'g\ . To;f] t Clif/fh a/fnsf jgdfG5]sf] syf -@)%$_ / ;}Go pkxf/ -@)%*_, 3gZofd 9sfnsf] …cfhsf] dxfef/tÚ -@)%%_ x'“b} kl5Nnf] ;dodf k'Go sfsL{sf] …dWo/ftdfÚ -@)^@_, czf]s ;'j]bLsf …d}n] /f]h]sf] af6f]Ú -@)^@_ / …gof“ j:tLÚ -@)^@_ Clif/fh a/fnsf] k}o'“ k'mNg yfn]kl5 -@)^#_ tyf sdn lgcf]nsf] …gof“ Oltxf;Ú -@)^#_ cflb syf;ª\u|x klg k|sfzdf cfPsf 5g\ . pko{'lNnlvt syf;ª\u|xdf åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfhsf ljleGg cfofd tyf cf/f]xcj/f]xsf] k|ltlaDag ePsf] 5 . logsf cltl/Qm @)^! ;fndf k|sfzdf cfPsf] k/z'/fd sf]O/fnfsf] …lg?Q/Ú syf;ª\u|xdf eg] o'4do kl/j]z / k|;ª\unfO{ syfsf] sYo gagfP/ g]kfnL /fhgLlts ;fdflhs hLjgsf j]lylt, lj;ª\ult / zf]if0f–pTkL8gsf ljleGg ?knfO{ syfsf] sYo agfOPsf] 5 . dfly pNn]v ul/Psf syf;ª\u|x / k'm6s/ syf dfq} klg @)%@ ;fn otfsf] åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ;Dos\ lrq0f ug{] syf x'g\ / olQ g} @)%@ ;fnotfsf] syfn]vgsf] pknlAw xf] eGg] rflx+ xf]Og / eP hlt ;a}sf] pNn]v oxf“ ug{' ;+ej ePg . slt syf ljleGg kqklqsfdf 5l/P/ /x]sf xf]nfg\, slt syf o'4If]qdf lqmofzLn ;|i6fsf 8fo/Ldf k|sfzg / kf7ssf] k|tLIffdf u'd;'d k/]/ a;]sf xf]nfg\, k|lts"n kl/j]z / k|lts"n ;~rf/sf sf/0f of] kf7s klg cgle1 xf]nf . a? cfufdL lbgx?df u'kr'k /x]sf ;|i6f / ltgsf l;h{gfsf af/]df cfjZos vf]hLgLlt / d"Nofª\sg cfjZos 5 / x'g'k5{ eGg] nfU5 .
o'4nfO{ glhs}af6 cg'e"t u/]/ egf}+ o'4sf] j]ujfg ultdf x]ln+b}, x'“8ln+b} / em6fl/+b} ubf{ n]lvPsf syf;ª\u|x x'g\ Clif/fh a/fnsf] k}o'“ k'mNg yfn]kl5 / sdn lgcf]nsf] …gof“ Oltxf;Ú . To;}n] oL b'O{ ;ª\u|xsf syf o'4sf] ult;+u} k}+7]hf]/L v]Nbfv]Nb} n]lvPsf x'g\ . o'4do ufp“n] kl/j]z, o'4do hLjgz}nL, o'4/t kfq Pjd\ pbfQ ljrf/sf] ;3g k|:t'lt oL ;ª\u|xsf syfdf kfOg' :jfefljs 5 . o'4 cyf{t\ juL{o o'4, g]kfnL ;dfhdf @)%@ ;fnotf pQ/f]Q/ 3gLe"t aGb} u/]sf] o'4 g} of] syfsf] sYo ag]sf] 5 . oxf“ cg]syl/ cf/f]xcj/f]x / åGåsf cg]s afGsL 5g\, o'4sf ltg} afGsLnfO{ k5\ofpg syfsf kfq cft'/ 5g\ . o'4sf] ult / lgod;“u syfsf kfq cEo:t klg 5g\ . u|fdL0f hLjgkl/j]z clg o'4sf] ult;“u} Ps ufp“af6 csf{] ufp“df, Ps 7fp“af6 csf{] 7fp“df, Ps la;f}gLaf6 csf{] la;f}gLdf s'b\g] Pp6f j]ujfg ult 5, ToxL ultsf] h'jfdf syfsf kfq gfl/Psf 5g\ / uGtJo k5\ofPsf 5g\ . Pp6f cgf}7f] tf/tDo 5, ;du| o'4nfO{ syfdf ljGof; ug{] ;Lk 5, syf eGg' s7f]/ o'4sf] snfdTds k|ltlaDag xf] / o'4nfO{ syfdf s'b\g] Pp6f afGsL xf] . k}o'“ k'mNg yfn]kl5 ;ª\u|xleqsf …p;sf] gfd ;ª\u|fdl;+x lyof]Ú, …clUgue{Ú, …e|dfGt M k"mnx?Ú, …k}o'“ k'mNg yfn]kl5Ú, …pT;u{af]wÚ, …p;sf] 8fo/LÚ, …d}n] p;sf] gfd :jl:tsf /flvlbP“Ú cflb o:t} o:t} syf x'g\ . To;}u/L sdn lgcf]nsf] …gof“ Oltxf;Ú ;ª\u|xleqsf …o'4sfnsL cfdfÚ, …gof“ Oltxf;Ú, …hg;]gfsf] cfTdsygÚ, …k|x/L cftª\sÚ, …gf}n]sf] syfÚ, …cftª\s lgoGq0f cleofgÚ klg To:t} syf x'g\ hxf“ b'Zdgsf] cTofrf/;+u} hgtf / hg;]gfsf] jL/tf, ;fx; / ;f}o{sf ufyf ufOPsf 5g\ . oL syfdf cg]syl/ ;d:of 5g\ clg cg]stl/ ;dfwfg 5g\, cg]syl/ ljifok|ª\u 5g\ clg cg]syl/ kfqkfqf 5g\ . cg]s hl6ntfsf aLraf6 kf/ kfpg] cg]s o'lQm 5g\ . ljlw / o'4sf] lgodcg';f/ 36gf 3l6t ePsf 5g\ To;}n] t o'4sfnsL cfdfn] h] ug{'kg{] Tof] u/]sL 5g\ h] ef]Ug'kg{] Tof] ef]u]sL 5g\, pgL ultsf] lgodcg';f/ rn]sL 5g\ .
k'Go sfsL{sf] …dWo/ftdfÚ klg To:t} o'4pT;u{sf] k|ltlaDag ePsf] syf;ª\u|x xf] . ;ª\3if{/t hLjgkl/j]z / tbg's"nsf kfqsf dfWodaf6 kf7snfO{ ;Da]B t'Nofpg] ;Lk sfsL{df b]lvG5 . pgsf] klxnf] syf;ª\u|x …dvdnLÚsf t'ngfdf k|:t't ;ª\u|xsf syfdf syfsyg;DaGwL ;Lkdf gof“kg / kl/is[t ljGof; /x]sf] kfOG5 . …dWo/ftdfÚ ;ª\u|xleqsf …d5nLjfnfÚ, …;f}bfu/Ú, …ofgLdfofÚ, …tk:jL awzfnfdfÚ, …uf]Gb]Ú cflb k|ltlglw oyfy{sf] ;Dos\ lrq0f ug{] ;'Gb/ syf x'g\ . qmflGtsf/L of]4fx? s]s:tf] o'lQm / a'l4n] sfd u5{g\ / b'ZdgnfO{ slt ;lhn} yfª\gfdf ;'tfpg ;S5g\ eGg] ;hLj b[i6fGt …d5nLjfnfÚ syfdf kfpg ;lsG5 . x]bf{ kTofpg} g;lsg] /fdnvg b'?:t d5nLjfnf ag]/ 6f]s/Ldf ugfpg] df5f clg df5fsf] k]6leq lu|g]6 / uf]nL, slt ;/n / ;xh 9ª\un] cfk\mgf] sfd kmQ] u5{ pm . To;f] t qmflGtsf/L g]tf / sfo{stf{sf] 6fpsf] d"No tf]Sg] kmfl;i6 ;Qf;Lgx?sf] r/d lgs[i6tfsf] kbf{kmf; ug{] …;f}bfu/Ú clg qmflGt / qmflGtsf/L of]4fk|lt lgi7fjfg gf/Lsf] ;fx;, o'lQm / ;ts{tf;DaGwL b[i6fGt k|:t't ug{] …ofgLdfofÚ syf klg cf}wL dglrGt] 5g\ .
pko{'lNnlvt syf / syfsf/n] jt{dfg g]kfnL ;dfhsf] oyfy{nfO{ k5\ofpg] r]i6f u/]sf 5g\ / åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfhsf] cjufxg u/]sf 5g\ h'g jt{dfgsf] l;h{glbzf xf] / l;h{g–cfjZostf xf] . g]kfnL ;dfhdf ljBdfg juL{o o'4 / o;sf] ;f/j:t'nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ n]lvg] syfsf] ;ª\ult / cf}lrTo b]lvGg . syfl;h{gfdf ;ª\ult x'G5, o'usf] cfjZostf x'G5 / eljiok|ltsf] r]i6f x'G5 . hxf“ o'usf] 68\sf/f] oyfy{ cyf{t\ jt{dfg g]kfnL ;dfhsf] k|ltlglw oyfy{sf] e|i6Ls/0f x'G5, To;k|lt pbf;Lg algG5 / ljifosf] ;ª\s6df ?dlnP/ lemgfdl;gf ljifok|;ª\udf clNemg k'luG5 Tolta]nf ;dosf] ult / k|jfxnfO{ k5\ofpg ;lsGg . jt{dfg g]kfnL ;dfhsf] k|ltlglw oyfy{ eg]s} bz jif{sf] hgo'4 / @)^@÷)^# ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngåf/f l;lh{t ;+lZni6 :j?k xf], g]kfnL ;dfhn] sf]N6] k]mg{ nfu]sf] tfQftf] ;dokl/j]z Pjd\ ju{;ª\3if{sf] leGg t/ pRrpbfQ :j?k xf] . To;}n] oxL w/ftnLo oyfy{df 6]s]/ g} jt{dfgsf] g]kfnL syf pQ/f]Q/ pmhf{zLn ag]sf] 5 . jt{dfgsf] o; oyfy{nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ oyfl:yltdf /dfpg] dfq xf]Og g]kfnL ;dfhdf ljBdfg juL{o åGå / o;sf] pRr–pbfQ p2]Zok|lt cf“vf lrDn]/ To;sf] e|i6Ls/0f ug{] k|j[lQ klg Ps s'gf–lsQfdf ljBdfg b]lvG5 . k|bLk g]kfn, k|bLk 1jfnL, gf/fo0f 9sfn, k'0o v/]nh:tf s]xL syfsf/x? juL{o åGåsf] pkxf; ug{] tyf To;sf] ;f/j:t'sf] e|i6Ls/0f ug{] lbzftk{m pGd'v /x]sf 5g\ . o;n] pgLx? pQ/f]Q/ j}rfl/s ;ª\s6df km:b} u/]sf] :ki6 ;ª\s]t ldNb5 .
jt{dfgsf] syfn]vg åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfhsf u}+8fuN5]+8faf6 c;Dk[Qm /xg ;Sb}g . ljifoj:t', kfq tyf kl/j]zsf] rogsf] cfwf/e"lt åGå/t g]kfnL ;dfh xf] . åGå;DaGwL k|lqmof / To;n] pk]Iff u/]sf] ;d'Ggt g]kfnL ;dfh–lgdf{0fsf] lbzfaf6 ljd'v x'g' eg]sf] ;dfhljsf;sf] cfwf/e"t k|lqmofaf6 ljd'v x'g' xf] . To;}n] oxL k|lqmofsf cfwf/df jt{dfgsf] syfn]vg cufl8 a9]sf] 5, of] j:t'tut oyfy{ xf] . lgrf]8df eGbf jt{dfgsf] syfdfkm{t\ g]kfnL ;dfhsf cGtlj{/f]wsf] k|:t'lt tLj|?kdf ePsf] 5 / g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ultnfO{ jt{dfgsf] syfn]vgn] cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 .

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xltof/ Joj:yfkg jf k'g;{+/rgf < style="font-weight: bold;">df}lns ƒ eJo kxnsbdLnfO{ ljZj;fd' ‚ki6 uƒ]sf 5g†„ cu|ufdL klƒjt{g ƒ zflGtsf aLrsf] cljefHo ;DaGwnfO{ bx|f];Fu cfTd;ft uƒ]ƒ g} hgtfn] !@ a'Fb] ;dembfƒLsf] cfwfƒdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] gfƒfdf P]Soa4tf k|bz{g hgfPsf lyP„ g]kfnL hgtfsf] oxL df}lns ƒ eJo kxnnfO{ ;+‚yfut ug]{ ;Gbe{df g} ut cfiff9 @ ut]sf] cf7a'Fb] ;xdlt cufl8 cfof]„ !) jif{sf] hgo'4b]lv !@ a'Fb] ;dembfƒL;Dd ƒ !( lbgsf] hgcfGbf]ngb]lv * a'Fb] ;xdlt;Dd g]kfnsf] ;d‚ofnfO{ g]kfnL cfkm}+n] df}lns 9+un] ;dfwfg ug]{ uf}ƒjzfnL k|lqmofsf] ‚ki6 lrq b]Vg ;lsG5„ clxn] rlnƒx]sf] zflGtjftf{df d'VotM xltofƒ Joj‚yfkgsf] ljifonfO{ lnPƒ ;ft bnleqs} sltko g]tfx?n] g]kfnL hgtf ƒ cfGbf]ngsf] Tof] uf}ƒjzfnL k|lqmofnfO{ s'l07t ƒ ljrlnt t'Nofpg] k|oTg ub}{5g†„ g]kfnsf] cfhsf] k|d'v ƒ hNbf]aNbf] k|Zg dfcf]jfbLsf xltofƒsf] Joj‚yfkg gePƒ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] 9fFrfdf l;+uf] ƒfHo ;+oGqsf] k'g{;+ƒrgf ug'{ƒx]sf] s'ƒfnfO{ ƒfd|f];Fu a'em†g' cfjZos 5„ b]zsf] ;du| ƒfhg}lts cfjZostfåfƒf p7]sf] åGb ƒ xltofƒsf] ;dfwfg ;j{k|yd ƒfhg}lts d'2fnfO{ 7Ls 9+un] ;Daf]wg uƒ]ƒ dfq x'g ;Sb5„ g]kfnsf] cfhsf] 7f]; ;Gbe{df ;fdGtjfbL d"No–dfGotfdf cfwflƒt pTkfbg ;DaGwb]lv pkƒL–;+ƒrgfsf ;a} If]q -h;df d'VotM ;]gf;d]t ƒfHosf] Jofks k'g{;+ƒrgf kb{5_ df klƒjt{g, d'Vo ƒfhg}lts cfjZostf xf]„ oxL d'n d'2fnfO{ cfTd;ft uƒ]ƒ g} afx|a'Fb]b]lv cf7a'Fb];Dd juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo ƒ ln+uLo ;d‚ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] cjd"Nog ug'{ 7"nf] e"n x'g]5„ tƒ lj8Dagf Û cfh sltko bn ƒ g]tfx?n] cfkm†g} ;+sL0f{ ‚jfy{sf sfƒ0f jf sltko j}b]lzs zlQms]Gb|sf] Ozfƒfdf b]z ƒ hgtfsf cufl8 ljBdfg df}lns ƒfhg}lts d'2f l5Gg] k|ZgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'sf] ;§f lgƒ+s'z ;dfGtLtGqsf lj?4 cljrlnt ;+3if{ ulƒƒx]sf], nf]stflGqs u0ftGqk|lt k|lta4 dfcf]jfbL hg;]gfnfO{ lgz‚q kfg]{ s'ƒfnfO{ k|fyldstfdf ƒflvƒx]sf 5g†„ d'n ƒfhg}lts d'2fnfO{ kG5fPƒ xltofƒ Joj‚yfkgsf] s'ƒf dfq ug'{ oyfy{df b]zdf emg 7"nf] ljikmf]6nfO{ hGd lbg' dfq x'g]5„ ƒfhg}lts d'2fnfO{ ƒfd|f];Fu ;dfwfg g} guƒL xltofƒ dfq Joj‚yfkg ulƒPsf sfƒ0f )& ;fnn] )!& ;fnnfO{ ƒ @)!& ;fnn] )@*, )#^, )$^, )%@ ƒ @)^@ nfO{ hGd lbPsf] P]ltxfl;s oyfy{nfO{ la;{g' cfTd3ftL e"n x'g]5„ clxn] klg Oltxf;b]lv jt{dfg;Dd lgƒ+s'z ;fdGtL k|e" -ƒfhtGq_k|lt jkmfbfƒ ƒlxcfPsf] tyf nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf lj?4 a'6, nf7L ƒ uf]nL a;f{pFb} cfPsf] ;]gfnfO{ j}wflgs ƒ ƒfli6«o ;]gf dfGg] lrGtgn] g]kfnnfO{ )& ;fnltƒ g} kmsf{pg] kZrufdL–lrGtgnfO{ JoQm ub{5„ zflGt ƒ k|ultnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{, gofF g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu pkƒf]Qm k|sfƒsf] kZrufdL–lrGtgsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug'{ clgjfo{ 5„ Oltxf;sf] cfjZostf ƒ kl5Nnf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] k|d'v cfb]z ;+ljwfg;ef ƒ nf]stflGqs u0ftGq ‚yfkgf ug'{ xf]„ hgtfsf] of] k|d'v cfb]zsf k[i7e"lddf o'4ƒt g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ ƒ ;ft ƒfhg}lts bnsf aLrsf] ;dembfƒL Pj+ gfulƒs ;dfh ƒx]sf] oyfy{nfO{ s;}n] klg OGsfƒ ug{ ;Sb}g„ k[i7e"ldsf] of] zlQm ;+of]hgn] ‚jefljs ?kdf cfGbf]ngsf ;a} ;xofqLx?sf] cufl8sf] sbd lxhf]sf lgƒ+s'z k|ltufdL tTj Pj+ ltgsf dltofƒx?nfO{ sfƒjfxL ug'{, pgLx?sf] ;+efljt k|ltƒf]wnfO{ rsgfr'ƒ kfg]{ Joj‚yf ug'{ tyf l56f]eGbf l56f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg uƒL nf]stflGqs u0ftGq ‚yfkgf ug'{ xf]„ tƒ, …rf]ƒnfO{ rf}tfƒf], ;fw'nfO{ ;'nLÚ eg] em}+ clxn] ;ft bns} sltko dGqLx?, ;+ljwfg;ef ƒ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf nflu n8†g] hgtfsf dxfg† of]4fx?nfO{ lgz‚q kfg]{ tyf bdgsfƒL ;]gfnfO{ ƒfli6«o ;]gfsf] bhf{ lbg] s;ƒt ulƒƒx]sf 5g†„ ljlw ƒ ljrfƒsf b'a} b[li6n] To;k|sfƒsf] s;ƒt hgtfk|lt ljZjf;3ft l;jfo c? x'g ;Sb}g„ lglZrt b]z, sfn ƒ klƒl‚yltdf o'4sf] ljsf;sf lglZrt j‚t'ut ƒ cfTdut sfƒ0f x'g] ub{5g†„ kmƒs kmƒs b]z, sfn ƒ klƒl‚yltsf pkhsf ?kdf cufl8 cfpg] o'4sf] ;dfwfg klg ‚jefj}n] kmƒs kmƒs 9+un] dfq x'g ;Sb5„ g]kfnL hgo'4, !@ a'Fb] ;dembfƒL, * a'Fb] ;xdltsf cfkm†g} df}lns ljlzi6tfx? 5g†„ olb oL ljlzi6tfx?nfO{ j]jf‚tf uƒ]ƒ leGg b]z, sfn ƒ klƒl‚yltdf k|of]u ulƒPsf zflGtsf df]8]nx?nfO{ oflGqs 9+un] g]kfndf nfu' ug{ vf]lhof] eg] To;n] ;d‚ofsf] ;dfwfg gug]{ dfq xf]Og, emg ljsƒfn ;d‚ofnfO{ hGd lbg ;Sb5„ g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGt ƒ klƒjt{gsf] cfsf+Iff !@ a'Fb] ƒ * a'Fb]df JoQm ulƒPsf] 5„ b'a} ;dembfƒL ƒ ;xdltsf] ;fƒ eg]sf] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ƒfHosf] k'g{;+ƒrgf;Fu} ;}Goansf] klg k'g{;+ƒrgf ug'{ xf]„ ƒfHosf] k'g{;+ƒrgfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ ;+af]wg guƒL ;}Goansf] k'g{;+ƒrgf x'g ;Sb}g ƒ ;}Goansf] k'g{;+ƒrgfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ ;+af]wg guƒ] xltofƒsf] c;nL Joj‚yfkg x'g ;Sb}g„ ctM ƒfhg}lts b[li6n] ƒfHosf] ƒ kmf}hL b[li6n] ;}Go ansf] k'g{;+ƒrgf k|d'v s'ƒf x'g† ƒ oL b'j} Ps csf{df cleGg ?kn] ufFl;Psf 5g†„ ƒfHosf] ƒ ;}Goansf] k'g{;+ƒrgfsf] d'n k|ZgnfO{ yfltƒfv]ƒ xltofƒ Joj‚yfkgsf] s'ƒf ug'{ lgƒy{s dfq gePƒ k|To'Tkfbs klg x'g]5„ g]kfndf ha ;}Goansf] s'ƒf cfpF5, ta nf]stGqk|lt yf]ƒ} klg cf‚yf ƒfVg] g]kfnLn] ;lhn} a'em†b5 ls Tof] b]zsf] k|d'v ;d‚of ;fdGtL ƒfhf ƒ lgƒ+s'z ƒfhtGqk|lt jkmfbfƒ ƒxL cfPsf] k'ƒfgf] ;]gfsf] nf]stGqLsƒ0fsf] xf]„ ;fdfGotM ;of}+ jif{b]lv ƒ ljz]iftM )& ;fn jlƒklƒaf6 g]kfnL hgtfsf] nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf lj?4 v8f x'Fb} cfPsf] ;}Goansf] nf]stGqLsƒ0fsf nflu To;sf] g]t[Tj k+lQmnfO{ ;d'lrt sfƒjfxL ug'{ tyf afFsL lx‚;fnfO{ b]z, hgtf ƒ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] lxtk|lt jkmfbfƒ ƒxg] uƒL k'g{ul7t ƒ k|lzlIft ug'{ clgjfo{ 5„ k'ƒfgf] ;]gfsf] nf]stGqLsƒ0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ 7Ls 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] pkl‚ylt ƒ To;sf] ;xL ;+rfngn] dxTjk"0f{ ;sfƒfTds of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;Sb5Pssf] Joj;flos bIftf ƒ csf{sf] nf]stflGqs bIftfsf aLrdf ;xL cGtƒlqmof ƒ ;f+u7lgs Joj‚yfkg uƒ]ƒ g} g]kfndf r'‚t b'?‚t gofF ƒfli6«o ;]gfsf] ljsf; x'g ;Sb5„ lgZro g} of] sfo{ Tolt ;xh gePƒ lgs} r'gf}ltk"0f{ 5„ tƒ hlt;'s} r'gf}ltk"0f{ eP klg b]z ƒ hgtfsf] ;jf]{Qd lxtsf lgldQ cfjZos ƒ ;+ej 5„ !@ a'Fb] ;dembfƒL ƒ * a'Fb] ;xdltsf] d"n dd{ tyf cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfsf+Iffsf] d"n dd{ oxL xf] eGg] s'ƒf sbflk la;{g' x'Fb}g„ oxfF xfdL s'g s'ƒfdf ljz]if ?kn] ‚ki6 aGg h?ƒL 5 eg] clk|msf ƒ ljZjsf cGo sltko b]zsf kmƒs cg'ejsf cfwfƒdf ;+o'Qm ƒfi6«;+3n] ljsf; uƒ]sf] 8L8Lcf/ -l8:cfld{ª, l8df]lanfOh];g / l/OlG6«u];g_sf] df]8]n g]kfndf nfu' x'g ;Sb}g„ g]kfnsf] df}lns ljz]iftfdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] lbzfdf ;}Go ansf] k'g{;+ƒrgf ug]{ gofF df]8]nsf] ljsf; clgjfo{ 5„ ;+o'Qm ƒfi6«;+3nufot g]kfndf zflGt ƒ l‚yƒtf rfxg] k|To]sn] of] s'ƒf a'em†g cfjZos 5 ls g]kfndf 8L8Lcf/n] xf]Og, ;}Goansf] k'g{;+ƒrgfn] dfq ;d‚of ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sb5„ xltofƒ Joj‚yfkg ;}Goansf] k'g{;+ƒrgfdfly ƒ ;}Go ansf] k'g{;+ƒrgf ƒfHosf] k'g;{+ƒrgfdfly lge{ƒ ƒxg] P]ltxfl;s oyfy{nfO{ a'em†g g;Sg]n] g]kfndf zflGt ‚yfkgfdf of]ubfg klg ug{ ;Sb}g„ of] ;du| k|lqmofsf] ;xL ljsf; ƒ cjtƒ0fsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg;Dd b'a} ;]gfnfO{ t6‚y ƒfVg] s'ƒfsf] ;'lglZrttf ug'{ tyf lgjf{rgkZrft\ To;sf] klƒ0ffdsf] dd{ ƒ efjgfcg';fƒ gofF ƒfli6«o ;]gfsf] k'g{u7g ug'{ cfjZos 5„ ;+o'Qm ƒfi6«;+3n] of] k|lqmofdf k'¥ofpg] ;xof]un] dfq dxŒjk"0f{ cy{ ƒfVb5.

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dlxnf clwsf/nfO{ plrt :yfgsf] Uof/]G6L ug'{k5{’
s= l;h{gf hg;]gfsf] lhDd]jf/ kbdf sfo{/t x'g'x'G5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf bf];|f] l8lehgcGtu{tsf] Ps j6flnogsf] sld;f/sf] ?kdf sfo{/t s=l;h{gf;+u dlxnf d'lQm / hg;]gfdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfaf/] ul/Psf] 5f]6f] s'/fsfgL oxf“ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5–
tkfO{ clxn] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] j6flnog sld;f/ h:tf] lhDd]jf/ txdf x'g'x'G5 . dlxnf cfGbf]ngsf] ljut, jt{dfg / eljionfO{ lgofNbf tkfO{ s:tf] b]Vg' x'G5 <
g]kfndf dlxnf d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;nfO{ lgofNbf ljut b]lv g} 7"nf cfGbf]ngx?df dlxnfx?sf] ;fxl;s / jL/tfdo of]ubfg /x]sf] kfOG5 . gfnfkfgLsf] n8fO{df xf]; cyjf @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;dodf xf];\ dlxnfx?n] jL/tfk"0f{ Oltxf; sfod u/]sf 5g\ . cfGbf]ngn] jt{dfgnfO{ lgofNbf ljz]if u/]/ @)%@ ;fnsf] hgo'4sf] yfngL;+u} hgo'4df dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf / dlxnf d'lQm cfGbf]ngn] gof“ p“rfOdf km8\sf] df/]sf] 5 . juL{o d'lQm ljgf dlxnf d'lQm klg ;+ej gx'g] x'“bf eljionfO{ lgofNbf juL{o d'lQm;+u} dlxnf d'lQm ;+ej 5 eGg] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g .
Oltxf;df x]bf{ ;}Go km/d]zgdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf cToGt} sd kfOG5 t/ hgd'lQm ;]gfleq x]g]{ xf] eg] $) k|ltzt eGbf j9L dlxnf ;]gfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . cj jGg] ;/sf/n] dlxnf ;]gfx?nfO{ s:tf] Joj:yf ug'{ k5{ h:tf] nfU5 tkfOnfO{ <
g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df x]bf{ juL{o d'lQmsf] lglDt ;}Go ;+u7gdf dlxnfx?s]f ;xeflutf Oltxf;d} klxnf] xf] . h;sf] ;fdGtjfbL ;Qfn] dlxnfx?nfO{ bf];|f] bhf{sf] gful/ssf] ?kdf kl/eflift ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . clxn] hgd'lQm ;]gfdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf / e"ldsfn] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ ultnf] emfk8 lbPs]f 5 . ca cfof] ca aGg] ;/sf/sf] s'/f o;df dnfO{ s] nfU5 eg] bz jif{sf] hgo'4sf] bf}/fgdf dlxnfx? hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] km/d]zgdf /x]/ ljleGg txdf cfÎgf] lhDd]jf/L / e"ldsf k"/f ul//x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] ca aGg] ;/sf/n] ;dfg clwsf/;lxt dlxnfx?sf] e"ldsf / lhDd]jf/LnfO{ plrt :yfgsf] Uof/]G6L ug'{k5{ .
of] t eof] ;}Go kmd]{zgleq /x]sf] dlxnfx?sf] af/]df ca cfd pTkLl8t dlxnfx?sf] gof“ ;/sf/n] s;/L k|ltlglwTj ug'{k5{ <
nfdf] ;dob]lv /fhg}lts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f“:s[lts / wfld{s ?kdf pTkL8gdf kb}{ cfPsf] dlxnf ;d'bfonfO{ k|lt:kwf{df k'Ugsf] nflu ;a} pTkLl8t dlxnf hfltx?nfO{ ljz]ifflwsf/;lxt /fHo;Qfsf] ;j} c+udf %)% k|ltlglwŒjsf] Uof/]G6L ug'{k5{ .
tkfO{ bf];|f] l8lehgsf] dlxnf ljefu k|d'v klg ePsf] x}l;otn] hgd'lQm ;]gfleq /x]sf dlxnfx?sf] ;d:ofx? s]–s] eGg ;Sg'x'G5 <
;dfhdf pTkLl8t / ckx]lnt ;d'bfosf] ?kdf lrlgg] dlxnf ju{ juL{o / lnlËo pTkL8gsf] aLraf6 hgo'4sf] v'Nnf cfsfzdf cfPsf 5g\ . ;+VofTds?kdf x]g]{ xf] eg] hgd'lQm ;]gfdf dlxnf ;xeflutf $) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . lhDd]jf/L / x}l;otsf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] klg bf];|f] l8lehgdf j6flnog sld;f/ / j6flnog sdf08/;Ddsf] txdf dlxnfx?sf] lhDd]jf/L 5 . To;}n] dnfO{ s] nfU5 eg] :jefljs?kdf zf/Ll/s agfj6sf] lx;fan] klg dlxnf / k'?ifdf leGg 5 . /, zf/Ll/s?kdf s]xL dlxnfx?df cln a9L ;d:of b]lvG5 h:tf} dlxgfjf/L cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ lkmN8df lg/Gt/ v6\g ufx|f] k/sf] x'G5 . t/ /fhg}lts / j}rfl/s?kdf ;d:of 5 h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . zf/Ll/s c:j:ytfsf sf/0f sltko dlxnf sd/]8x? ;}Go km/d]zgdf sfd ug]{ OR5f x'“bf x'b} klg lg:sg'kg]{ l:ylt b]lvG5 . k|d'v s'/f cfk"mdf cfTdljZjf; / lhDd]jf/Lk|lt ulDe/tfjf]w g} ljsf;sf] Bf]ts xf] .
clxn] cfd hgd'lQm ;]gf ;fy} dlxnf ;]gfx?n] s;/L ;do latfpg] u/]sf 5g\ <
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] lgod / cg'zf;gleq /x]/ b}lgs sfo{tflnsfcg';f/ /fhg}lts j}rfl/s sfdnufot abln+bf] /fhg}lts 36gf kl/j]z;+u} ljsf; lgdf{0f, hg;DaGw, hg>d, hgtf;+u cGt/3'ng / 5nkmn ub}{ lglZrt /fhg}lts p2]Zo k|fKt ug]{ sfo{df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] e"ldsf / bfloTjnfO{ hgtfsf] dfemdf k'¥ofPsf 5f}+ .
hg;/sf/n] klg ;dfg'kflts?kdf dlxnf k|ltlglwTj gu/]sf] jf ;dfg clwsf/ glbPsf] eGg] l56k'm6 c;Gt'li6x? ;'Gg kfOG5 lg <
hg;/sf/df ;dfg'kflts?kdf dlxnf k|ltlglwTj kof{Kt dfqfdf 5 . ;Qfsf] If]qdf klg lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v;Dd dlxnfx? k'u]sf 5g\ . ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj / ;dfgclwsf/ eGg] s'/f s;}sf] bof / dfofaf6 k|fKt x'g]eGbf klg ;+3if{af6 k|fKt ug'{k5{ / Tof] jftfj/0f / :yfg gof“ hg;/sf/df dlxnfx?n] kfPsf 5g\ . o;nfO{ ;xL 7fp“df ;b'kof]u ul/of] eg] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj / ;dfgclwsf/ 6f9fsf] s'/f xf]Og .
cfd pTkLl8t dlxnfx?nfO{ tkfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Ps lhDd]jf/ ePsf] x}l;otn] s] ;Gb]z lbg rfxg'x'G5 <
dlxnfx? klg Ps /ysf b'O{ kf+u|f x'g To;}n] dfgj ;dfhnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg / ;Eo ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{ k'?ifx?sf] hlt e"ldsf 5 dlxnfx?sf] klg TolQs} e"ldsf 5 . dlxnfx?sf] pTkL8gsf] h/f] eg]s} k'/fgf] ;Qf xf] . To;}n] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ ;d"n gi6 u/L gof“ / ;Eo ;dfh lgdf{0f ug{sf] lglDt cfd pTkLl8t dlxnfx? clwsf/ dfu]/ xf]Og vf];]/ Nofpg' k5{ eGg] s'/fdf :ki6 x'g' h?/L 5 . To;sf] lglDt juL{o tyf lnËLo d'lQmsf] Ps dfq af6f] dxfg\\ hgo'4df ;xefuL eO{ cf–cfÎgf] If]qaf6 ;+3if{ ug{ cfx\jfg ub{5' .
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elgG5 kz'k+IfLnfO{ klg t8kfO{ t8kfO{ dfg'{ x'Gg, lk+h8fdf y'Gg' x'Gg, kz'k+IfLsf clwsf/sf] ;'/Iff ul/g' k5{ eg]/ uf]i7L, 5nkmn ePsf va/x? klqsfdf k9\g kfOG5g\ . o:tf s'/fsf] k|rf/ t cem ;fdGtL P+jd k"“hLjfbLx?4f/f g} a9L u/]sf] ;'lgG5 . lsgeg] zf]ifs, ;fdGt / k"“hLjfbLx? cfkm\gf] ;Qf u'Dnf ls eg]/ ;w}+ 8/ / qf;df a:bf /x]5g . oL ;a}eGbf sf“t/ x'“bf/x]5g . To;}n] logLx? :jefj}n] qm'/ / xTof/f x'“bf/x]5g\ . csf{nfO{ ;tfpg / t8kfpg kfPkl5 lognfO{ cfgGb cfpFbf] /x]5 . lx6n/ sf“t/ lyP, To;}n] p ;aeGbf a9L qm'/ eof] . cfh g]kfndf 1fg]Gb| To:t} csf]{ sf“t/ ;fljt ePsf] 5 . hf] xhf/f}+ g]kfnLsf] xTofdf /dfPsf] 5 . h;n] xhf/f}+ g]kfnLnfO{ a]kQf agfPsf] 5 . lo a]kQf agfOPsf] kl/jf/sf] kL8fdf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ cfgGb cfPsf] 5 . of] sfo{df 1fg]Gb|nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ :jb]zL u'08fx? / ljb]zL s's'/x?nfO{ s'g} kZrftfk ePg . a? logLx? ef]het]/df /dfP . xfdL g]kfnLsf] of] kL8f oL hNnfbx?sf] nflu cfgGb eof] . c?sf 5f]/f5f]/L a]kQf kfg]{ ;]gfsf] gfOs] cfk\mgf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] lax]df xfdL g]kfnLn] g} lt/]sf] s/af6 s/f]8f}+ vr{ u/]/ ef]het]/ u5{ . xfd|f kl/jf/x? dfg]{, oftgf lbg], a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;]gf nufpg] 1fg]Gb| xfdL g]kfnLsf] kl;gfaf6 ag]sf] b/af/df a:b} cfPsf] 5, /dfpb} cfPsf] 5 .
jf:tjdf cfk\mgf 5f]/f5f]/L, afa'cfdf, nf]Ug]:jf:gL, kl/jf/nfO{ cfkm\g} cufl8 kqmfp u/L olt nfdf] ;do;Dd d/] af“r]sf] s'g} yfxf glbO{ rsf]{ oftgfdf /fv]sf] x'g;Sg] cg'e"lt kl/jf/nfO{ lbO{ a]kQf kf/]sf]af6 xfdL cfdfafa', nf]Ug]:jf:gL Pj+ kl/jf/nfO{ ;fx|} 7'nf] kL8f eO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] kL8f c?sf] b]v]/ / ;'g]/ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsGg . k|ToIf ef]ufOaf6 dfq o;sf] jf:tljs cg'e"lt ug{ ;lsG5 . oqf] nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] kL8f xfdL xfd|f kl/jf/ ef]Ug afWo 5f}+ . ;~rf], la;~rf], hf8f], udL{, ef]s, Kof;, kL8f, oftgf log};+u a]kQf kfl/Psf xfd|f kl/jf/x? x/kn h'lem/x]sf xf]nfg\ . ;w}+ xfd|f] lbdfudf oxL 3'ld/xG5 . of] kL8f xfdLn] oBlk ef]lu/x]sf 5f}+ . yfxf 5}g slxn];Dd ef]lu/xG5f}+ . slyt ;+;bLo zf;gdf of] kL8fsf] z'?jft eof] . k|ToIf kL8s kfq log} ;ft bndWo]sf sfu|]+; / Pdfn]sf zLif{ g]tf lyP . cfh log} km]l/ ;Qfdf 5g . xfd|f] kL8fn] logsf] lbdfunfO{ /lQe/ 5f]Psf] b]lvb}+g .
ca xfdL r'k nflu a:b}gf}+ . xfdL ;lxb kl/jf/ a]kQf agfOPsf gful/ssf kl/jf/, 3fO{t] ;a} xfdL Ps ePsf 5f}+ . xfd|f] ;fy lbg] s/f]8f}+ g]kfnL hgtf 5g\ . To;}n] xfdLnfO{ lbOPsf] of] kL8fsf] abnf lng xfdL cl3 a9]sf 5f}+ . b]ze/sf xfdLx? ;+ul7t x''“b}5f} .
ebf} !* ut] a]kQf kfl/Psf gful/ssf kl/jf/ ;dfhsf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng x'“b}5 . d"n?kdf o;n] a]kQf agfOPsfsf] ;fj{hlgs ug]{ u/fpg] sfo{df ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ g}lts bafa lbg]] sfd ug]{5 . a]kQf kfg]{x? nfO{ lrGb} lognfO{ ;dfhdf g+Uofpg] sfd ug]{5 . cGt/f{li6«o :t/df klg oL a]kQf kfg]{ zf;sx?sf] r]x/f pbfËf] kfb}{ bl08t ug]{5 . g]kfnL hgtfdf Gofo / ;dfgtfsf] s'/fdf Pstf sfod ub}{ cGofoL / cTofrf/L zf;ssf lj?4df ljb|f]x ug]{ u/fpg] sfd ug]{5 eGg] s'/fdf xfdL a]kQf gful/s kl/jf/ ljZj:t 5f} .
o;} l;nl;nfdf xfdL a]kQf gful/ssf kl/jf/ ;dfh b]zJofkL?kdf o:tf l/jf/;+u e]63f6 5nkmn ub}{ lx+8\of} . ;a}sf] kL8f Pp6} 5 , p:t} 5 . ;a}sf] k|lta4tf klg Pp6} 5 ls xfd|f] kl/jf/ ;b:onfO{ a]kQf agfpg] hNnfbnfO{ plrt b08 lbg}k5{ . gofF g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f ug{}k5{ . tfls cfp“bf lbgdf sf]xL klg gdfl/of];\, a]kQf gagfOof];\, o:tf] kL8f sf]xL s;}n] v]Kg' gk/f];\ .
cfp“bf] ;Dd]ngdf log} s'/fx?df 5nkmn x'g]5 . sfo{qmd to ul/g]5g\ . sfof{Gjogdf nfUg] 5f} . cfpbfF lbgdf gful/s a]kQf kfg]{ /fi6« g]kfn klxnf] gxf]cf];\ . a? ljZjdf Gofosf] kIfdf n8\g] tfgtzfx zf;s lj?4df ljb|f]x ug]{ axfb'/ g]kfnLx?sf] b]z agf];\ . zflGt / d'lQm rfxg] g]kfnL b]z agf];\ . xfdL oxL rfxG5f} . a]kQf kfl/Psf xfd|f kl/jf/sf] rfxgf klg oxL xf] .
g]kfnL hgtf oxfFsf zf;sx?af6 zf]lift Pj+ pTkLl8t 5g\ . /f0ffx?n] g]kfnLnfO{ jiff}{ ;tfP . ;fdGtjfbL /fHo;Qfsf] gfOs] /fhfn] klg o;}u/L ;tfof] . /fhf @!;f} ztfAbLsf] lx6n/ ;fljt eof] . k~rfotL zf;gsfndf y'k|} g]kfnLsf] xTof u¥of], y'k|}nfO{ a]kQf agfof], b]znfO{ s+ufn kf¥of] . cfk"m s'Voft wgL eof] . x'“bfx'“bf cfk\mg} efOaGw' df/]/ cfk"m /fhf x'g k'Uof] 1fg]Gb| . y'k|} g]kfnLx?sf] xTof u¥of], y'k|}nfO{ ckfË agfof] / a]kQf kf¥of] . o:tf] q"m/ / lx6n/L /fhfnfO{ cem} klg /fVg'k5{ eGg] /fhgLlts kf6L{x? klg b]vfk/] ljb]zLx? klg b]vf k/], of] la8Dagfsf] s'/f] xf] . o:tf /fhgLlts kf6L{ / ljb]zLx?n] klg xTofsf], a]kQf kf/]sf] ckh; lng}k5{ .
;+;f/df w]/} ljsf; eof] /], dflg; ;Eo x“'b} uPsf] 5g\ /] t/ xfdL g]kfnL hxfFsf ToxL+ 5f} . c“Wof/f]df lwklwk] aQL xfd|f] nflu lah'nL aQL ePsf] 5 . xfdL To;}df a;]sf 5f} . ef}lts ;'ljwf s] xf] yfx} 5}g . pN6} oxf“sf zf;sx?n] qmflGt / Gofosf] s'/f u5{;\ eGb} d'v y'Gg] sfd u/] . ljb|f]xsf d'L prfN5;\ eGb} xfd|f xft sf6\g yfn] . of] cTofrf/, of] cGofo xfd|f] nflu ;xg x'g ;Sb}g . xfdL of] ;fdfGtL ;Qf / o;sf] gfOs] /fhfsf] k"0f{ cGTo rfxG5f} . g]kfnL hgtfsf] zf;g g]kfnL hgtf cfkm}+n] ug{ kfpg'k5{ ta dfq xfd|f ;Gtfgn] a]kQf x'g'kg]{ 5}g .
jf:tljs g]kfnL sf] xf] lrGg] df}sf klg oxL xf] . cfh Pp6f g]kfnLnfO{ k/]sf] kL8f ;a} g]kfnLsf] xf] eGg] a'em\g h?/L 5 . d]rL b'Vof] eg] sfnL b'Vg'k5{ lxdfn t/fO{ ;a}nfO{ b'Vg'k5{ . To;}n] ;fdfGtL q"m/ /fhfsf] lj?4, /fhfsf cf;]kf;] lj?4 /fhfnfO{ a}zfvL 6]sf] nfOlbg] ljb]zL zlQm lj?4 xfdL g]kfnL hgtf Ps xf} Pp6} d'Ssf agf}+ / k|xf/ u¥of} b'ZdgnfO{ . of] d/gf;Gg zf;g Wj+z x'g]5 . clgdfq g]kfndf gofF laxfgLsf] z'?jft x'g]5 . gf}nf] g]kfn x'g]5 . :jledfgL xfdL g]kfnL x'g]5f}+ . xfdL g]kfnLsf] hLjg ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L x'g]5 . b]z ef}lts ljsf;df klg cl3 a9\b} hfg]5 . ;fdGt Pj+ zf]ifs ju{sf] cGTo klg x'“b}hfg]5 . Gofok|]dL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] hLt x'“b} hfg]5 . lg/Gt/ qmflGt eO/xg]5 . cGttM Gofok"0f{ ;d'Ggt ;dfhsf] :yfkgf x'g]5 . zflGt / ljsf; dfG5] dfG5]df k|]d xfdLnfO{ rflxPsf] o:t} ;dfh xf] . a]kQf xfd|f kl/jf/sf] rfxgf klg o:t} xf] .
-n]vs– rf/ jif{b]lv /fHoåf/f a]kQf kfl/Psf ljBfyL{ g]tf ljlkg e08f/LsL cfdf x'g'x'G5 ._
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nfn;nfd u0ftGq g]kfnnfO{
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cfh g]kfndf /fhtGqn] ubf{ d'n's slt lk5l8Psf] 5, slt lrGtfhgs 5, b]zsf] cj:yf ;'Gb/ / ;d[4 g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] nflu dWoo'uLg /fhtGqnfO{ cGTo u/L u0ftGq :yfkgf ug'{ b]zsf] nflu ;a} eGbf pQd xf] eg]/ snfsf/x? uLtaf6 o;/L k:sG5g\–
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jt{dfg g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] clxn]sf] d"n Ph]08f eg]sf] lg;t{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdfkm{t\ /fhg}lts lgsf; lbg' xf] . clxn] d'n'snfO{ ToxL /fhg}lts lgsf; lbg'sf] ;f6f] ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx? lemgf dl;gf ljsf; lgdf{0fdf clNemP/ d"n /fhg}lts lgsf;nfO{ kl5 kfg]{ ul//x]5g\\ . b]zsf lhDd]jf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf ;+;bjfbL bnsf 7"nf g]tf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfx?n] slxn] /fhfnfO{ ;]/]df]lgon agfpg' k5{ eG5g\ slxn] /fhfnfO{ klg :yfg -:k]z_ lbg'k5{ eg]/ leqleq} plx lg/+s'z /fhfsf] s'/f rkfP/ zflGtjftf{nfO{ vNjNofpg] v]n v]Nb}5g\ eGb} snfsf/x?n] hgtfnfO{ ;r]t x'g uLtaf6 o;/L cfu|x ub{5g\M–
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P]ltxfl;s !( lbg] hgcfGbf]ngdf cfGbf]ngsf/L hgtfx?n] slyt ;+;b k'g:yf{kgfsf] dfu slxNo} nufPsf lyPgg\ . cfGbf]ngsf/L hgtfn] /fhf / /fhtGqnfO{ ;bfsf] lglDt d;fg3f6df nu]/ bfxf;+:sf/ u/L ;d[4 / ;'Gb/ u0ftGq g]kfn :yfkgf ug{ rfx]sf lyP . u0ftGq g]kfnsf] rfxgfdfly ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] /fhfaf6 ;+;b k'g:yf{kgf x'g] lalQs} cfGbf]ngnfO{ wf]sf lbP . /fhf / /fhtGq /fVg] !( lbg] hgcfGbf]ng ePsf] lyPg eg]/ k|lt/f]wsf snfsdL{x?n] ;+;bjfbL bnx?nfO{ uLtaf6 o;/L k|Zg ub{5g\–
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/fhf /fVg] cfGbf]ng ef xf] / < ;+;b leq pNn' slt 5g\ 1fg] zfxLnfO{ arfpg] eGb}5g\ hgtfn] s] ;f]lr/x]sf lyP, s] cfzf u/]sf lyP t/ ;a} tL hgtfsf rfxgf / cfzfx? ;ft /fhg}lts bnsf] clxn]sf] cToGt} l9nf;':tL sfd k|lqmof, ;Qfdf]xn] qmdzM db{} uPsf] 5 . ;ft bnx?sf] u'6ut / lghL :jfy{n] ca b]zdf s] x'g] xf] t eGg] lrGtf klg ;j{q /x]sf] snfsf/x? b]p8f uLtaf6 o;/L k|jfx u5{g\– /fhtGq 9fNof nf} /fhtGq 9fNof lq;f7L ;fn xfd|f g]kfn lkkn'kft nf} lkkn' kft ;ft bnsf] eof] gL j}/fuL tfn k|lt/f]w kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n] sfo{qmdx?df efjgf / lrGtf dfq hfx]/ u/]gg\ . b]z / hgtfsf] lglDt lbg/ft hgtfsf] aLrdf 8l6/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] lgM:jfy{ efjgf / ;r]t kxnsbdLdf ax';+Vos >dhLjL g]kfnL hgtfsf] hLt x'g] 5 clg cGwsf/ /ftaf6 pbfpg] 5 ;'gf}nf] laxfg / aGg]5 ul/a ;/sf/ eGb} snfsf/x? cf;Gg gof“ / ;d[4 g]kfnsf] cfzfjfbLtf o;/L uLtaf6 k|:t't ub{5g\–
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cem sfo{qmdsf] pTs[i6tf t sxf“ a9L emlNsGYof] eg] snfsf/x?n] Ps bzs hgo'4sf] jf:tljs t:jL/ æqmflGt cfdfÆ gfds ck]/f b]vfp“bf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL k|foM bz{sx?sf] cf“vfaf6 cf“z' eml//x]sf x'Gy] eg] s;}sf cf“vfdf cf“z' 6lNk/x]sf] x'GYof] . h'g æqmflGt cfdfÆ gfds ck]/fdf lbbLalxgLsf] /f]ndf k|lt/f]wsf snfsf/x?n] eLif0f hgo'4sf] qmddf Pp6f qmflGtsf/L 3/ kl/jf/sf] syfnfO{ ;d]6]/ agfOPsf] lyof] . Gofok"0f{ qmflGt / o'4df b'Zdgn] lgz:q?kn] cfkm\gf] afafsf] xTof u5{ / lbbL e"ldut x'G5g\ kl5 cfdfsf] klg b'Zdgn] xTof ul/lbG5, cfdfsf] xTofsf] af/]df e"ldut ePsL lbbLnfO{ yfxf x'“b}g kl5 alxgLaf6 hfgsf/L x'G5, lbbL / alxgLn] u/]sf] clegon] ;a} bz{sx?sf] efjgfnfO{ 5'Psf] x'G5, æqmflGt cfdfÆ gfds ck]/faf6 . qmflGt cfdf gfds ck]/f uLtsf] Pp6f c+z o:tf] lyof]–
ufp“3/sf] va/ s] eGg' lbbL tL b'i6 k;]/
nu]gL lbbL cfdfsf] klg Tof] sfv vf];]/
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;du|df eGbf k|lt/f]w kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?sf] k|:t'lt qmflGtsf/L efjgf / dfn]dfjfbL / k|r08kyLo ljrf/sf] plrt ;dfof]hgaf6 ePsf] k|i6 emNsGYof] . s'g}a]nf x;fpg] s'g} a]nf ?jfpg ;Sg] snfsf/x?sf] k|:t'lt ;a} s'/fdf 7Ls x'“bfx“'b} klg cem} uLtsf zAbx? k|i6 a'lemg] u/L ufossf/af6 ufpg] z}nLdf cem} s]xL ;Rrfpg kg]{ b]lvP ;fy} cfd hgtfx?sf] hglha|f]df l5§} e'ml08g] vfnsf nf]slk|o qmflGtsf/L uLtsf] klg vf“rf] b]lvP . lgrf]8df eGbf pbLodfg nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] efj / ljrf/nfO{ æu0ftflGqs ;“:s[ltsf lglDt ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmdÆdfkm{t\ k|lt/f]w kl/jf/n] gof“ g]kfnsf] u0ftflGqs ;Gb]z ;“:s[ltsf ?kdf k|jfx ug{ of] cleofg ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

nIodf k'Ug s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g

-ltns kl/of/ ;+u lnOPsf] cGt{jftf{_
kl5Nnf] r/0fdf tkfO{+n] u/]sf] b]ZJofkL e|d0fsf] cg'ej / pknlAw s]–s] x'g\ < kl5Nnf] r/0fdf xfdLn] k"j{ d]rL / klZrd dxfsfnL;Dd j}rfl/s / /fhgLlts k|lzIf0fsf] cleofg u/]sf lyof}+ . of] cleofg ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . of] cleofg z'? ug'{sf] d'Vo p2]Zo j}rfl/s ?kn] a|fXd0fjfbL ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] pGd"ng / /fhg}lts ?kn] lxGb" ;fdGtL /fhtGqnfO{ Wj:t gkf/];Dd blntx?sf] d'lQm ;+ej x'Fb}g eGg] xf] . o;sf nflu j}1flgs g]t[Tjsf] cxd\ e"ldsf /xG5 . d'n'sleq &%j6f lhNnfdf /fhg}lts–j}rfl/s k|lzIf0f cfof]hgf ug]{ s'/f ut c;f/ dlxgfd} xfdLn] to u/]sf lyof}+ . k|lzIf0fsf] z'?jft c;f/ #! ut] EofnLaf6} u¥of}+ . ;fpgsf] ( / !) ut] hgsk'/–;u/dfyf, !@ / !# ut] d]rL–sf]zL, !(, @) / @! ut] u08s–/fKtL, @$, @% / @^ ut] e]/L–s0ff{nL / ;]tL–dxfsfnLsf ;+o'Qm k|lzIf0fx? ;DkGg u/]sf 5f}+ . blnt d'lQm cfGbf]ngnfO{ nIodf k'Ugaf6 s'g} a|fXd0fjfbLx?n] /f]Sg ;Sb}gg\ . xfn} lgdf{0f ePsf] u0ftflGqs blnt df]rf{ of] cleofgsf] pknlAw jf o; k5fl8sf] /fhg}lts pknlAw xf] < style="font-weight: normal;">ljBfyL{x?åf/f lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 3]/fp
;Nofg÷;Nofgsf k|:tfljt dflj / lgdfljsf ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cljefjsx?n] ljleGg dfu /fvL ebf} * ut] lhNnf lzIff sfof{no 3]/fp u/]sf 5g\ .
lbp;f] ! ah] afndlGb/af6 z'? ePsf] bjfj h'n';n] vn+uf ahf/ kl/qmdf u/L lzIff sfof{no 3]/fp u/]sf] lyof] .
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ ;Nofgsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf sl/j b'O{ bh{g k|:tfljt ljBfnox?af6 ljBfyL{;lxt lzIfs / cljefjsx? ;xefuL ePsf lyP .
sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ljBfyL{x?n] k|:tfljt ljBfnox?nfO{ :yfoL :jLs[lt k|bfg ug'{kg]{ / ljifout lzIfssf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ dfu ub}{ sfof{no kl/;/df 306f};Dd rsf{ gf/fafhL u/]sf lyP .
3]/fp sfo{qmd;+u} c–cfk\mgf] ljBfnosf] k|ltlglwŒj ub}{ lzIfs ljBfyL{ / cljefjsx?n] lhNnf lzIff sfof{nodf dfukq k]z u/]sf lyP eg] klxn] k]z ul/Psf dfu kqx?k|lt Af]jf:tf u/]sf] eGb} tL dfux?k|lt lzIff sfof{nosf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_n] :d/0fkq k]z u/]sf] lyof] .
xhf/f} ljBfyL{x?n] cfk\mgf] z}lIfs clwsf/sf] dfu ub}{ lzIff sfof{no cufl8 ;zQm cfjfh a'nGb u/]kl5 sfof{nosf lgldQ lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L tf/fklt v/]nn] cfof]hs;lxt ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cljefjssf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ jftf{df af]nfpg'eof] .
dfukqsf af/]df 5nkmn ug{ / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ p2]Zon] b'O{ 306f;Dd rn]sf] jftf{df ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfljt dflj / lgdfljx? nfO{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ If]qLo lzIff lgb]{zgfno, lzIff ljefu, / lzIff dGqfnodf lzIff sfof{non] Ps dlxgf leq kq k7fpg] ;xdlt eof] . o;} u/L ljifout b/jlGb ldnfg ug{ clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf lhNnf k|ltlgw ;+usf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd lzIff sfof{non] :yfoL kb k'lt{ ;DjlGw sfd ug]{ / ck'u x'g] ljifout lzIfs b/aGbLsf nflu Ps dlxgfleq ;DalGwt lgsfodf kq k7fpg] ;xdlt eof] .
sfof{noleq b'j} kIf lar jftf{ rln/x“bf aflx/ ljBfyL{x?n] æxfd|f dfu k'/f u/ eGb}Æ hf]8tf]8n] gf/f nufO{ /x]sf lyP .
cGt/lqmofTds sfo{qmd ;DkGg
aemfË ÷ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt aemfËsf] cfof]hgfdf Ps cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ebf} ! Pl/of g++=%, ^, &, (, / !) sf lzIfs :jf:YosdL{, Jofkf/Lx?sf] aLrdf ul/Psf] ;f] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;]tL–dxfsfnL If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf aemfª lhNnf O~rfh{ s=P6d /xg'ePsf] lyof] .
jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf u0ftflGqs df]rf{ lgdf{0f / xfd|f] e"ldsf ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] pb]Zo ;Dk"0f{ k|ultlzn / ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL zlQmsf] Pp6f u0ftflGqs df]rf{ lgdf{0f ug{{], jt{dfg /fhg}lts l:yltdf a'emfOdf ;fk]lIfs Ps?ktf sfod ug{], cGt/lqmofsf] dfWofdaf6 ;'emfa ;Nnfx / cfnf]rgf s]lGb|s/0f / Ps cfk;df /x]sf cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ xn ug]{ ljifodf cGt/lqmof ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o ljzfnsf] ;Grfngdf / Pl/of O~rfh{ k|ltsf/sf] cWoIotfdf ePsf] pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd cGo cltlyx?df /]l8of] hgu0ftGq g]kfn tyf hgfb]z k|ltlglw kbd v8\sf, lj;' hg;“+:s[lts ;+3sf ;b:o k|Voft, ;lxb kl/jf/af6 k|]d lu/L, lzIfssf] tkm{af6 k|=c wgaxfb'/ lji6, Jofkf/L k|ltlglw lji0f'b]j lu/L / :jf:Yo k|ltlglwdf dfn'd]nf x]kf] O~rfh{ ljd'v s'df/ bQ /xg'ePsf] lyof] .
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf efu lng] lzIfsx?n] u0ftGq :yfkgf / lbuf] zflGtsf] nflu u0ftflGqs df]rf{sf] cfjZostf ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
o;/L cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf efu lng] lzIfsx?df zf/bf df=lj b+uflhsf k|=c=gf/fo0f v8\sf, ynf/f pRr df=lj sf k|=c wgaxfb'/ lji6, k|frfo{ u+uf bQ kl08t, nfdf tf]nf pRr dfljsf lzIfs k|]daxfb'/ l;+x, hubDaf df=lj vf]nfdf/fsf lzIfs b]ljeQm hf]zL / dfn'd]nf lg=df=lj sf k|=c lj/]Gb| lul/ /xg'ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf 5fGgf ynf/f d6]nf u/L hgf lzIfs sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;xefuL /x]sf] yof] .
Ko"7fgdf lzIfsx? h'd{'/fP
lt/fd÷g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ NffO{ j}rfl/s cf:yf /fVg] clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g sf] k|yd e]nf oxL ebf} ! ut]b]lv @ ut];Dd lt/fd uf=h=; sf] u0f]z df=lj df ;DkGg eof] . e]nfnfO{ k|d'v cltly clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj /Tgaxfb'/ jnLn] ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]kfnsf] z}lIfs cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;df lzIfsx?sf] uf}/jk"0f{ / ;+3if{zLn Oltxf; /x]sf] eGg' x'b} ljutsf] Oltxf;df Ko"7fgdf klg lzIfsx?n] z}lIfs cfGbf]ngsf] nflu dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] jtfpg' eof] .
lzIfssf] k|yd e]nfn] wd{/fh kl08tsf] cWoIftfdf b'O{ hgf ;b:o kl5 yk ug]{ u/L !% ;b:oLo lhNnf sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmd cjlwe/ lemd|'s kl/jf/n] /f]rs hgjfbL uLtg[To k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}aLr u0ftGq k|flKtsf] rfxfgf / v]ns'bk|lt rf;f] /fVg] Ko"7fgL o'jfx?sf] e]nfn] u0ftlGqs o'jf ;d"x Ko"7fg u7g u/]sf] 5 . e]nfn] ^ ;b:o kl5 yKg] u/L /fh]Gb| kf}8]n cWoIf / ljholj/fh lji6 ;lrj /xg] u/L !& ;b:o lhNnf ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . d'lQmk|;fb kf]v|]nsf] ;efkltŒjdf ePsf] e]nfnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxfsf/ s=lbks s]=;L= kf6L{sf ;]qm]6/ s=k|sfz, g]kfnL sfu|]zsf ;efklt >L s'i0f k|kGg ;'j]bL, k|hftflGqs sfu|]zsf x's'd axfb'/ lji6, Pdfn]sf t'N;L/fd kf]v|]n, hgdf]rf{ -z]/rg_ sf k"0f{rGb| ;'j]bL, dfn]sf wg]Zj/ kf]v|]n, dfgj clwsf/jfbL g]tf emk]Gb|/fh j}B, gful/s ;dfhsf lzj kl08tnufot ljleGg ;+3÷;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . af]Ng] jQmfx?n] ;Dk"0f{ o'jfx? /fhg}lts k|0ffnLdf ;xefuL eP/ cufl8 a9] dfq lglZrt uGtJodf k'Ug ;lsg] wf/0f /fv]sf lyP .
kLl8t sd{rf/L cfGbf]ngdf
sf7df8f}+÷ kz'klt If]q ljsf;sf dhb'/, sd{rf/Lx? cfk"mdfly sf]if k|zf;gn] u/]sf] zf]if0f, cGofolj?4 cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf 5g\ .
clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3, kLl8t sd{rf/L / p8\8og dGqfnosf ;x;lrj;lxtsf] sf]if k|zf;gaLr jftf{ eO{ sd{rf/Lsf dfu k"/f ug{] ;xdlt eP klg xfn;Dd To;k|lt sf]if k|zf;gn] s'g} rf;f] gb]vfPsf] kLl8t sd{rf/Ln] atfP . dfu k"/f ug{'sf] ;f6f] k|zf;g;+u ldn]/ s]xL pRr kb:y sd{rf/Ln] cfk"mx?nfO{ wDSofpg] tyf cfGbf]ng gug{ eGg] u/]sf] kLl8t sd{rf/Lx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .
jfbL ;d'bfoåf/f clwsf/ dfu
bfª÷g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ s]Gb|Lo cfwf/ OnfsLo ;dGjo ;ldltn] /fHo ;Qfåf/f blnt ;d'bfoleqsf jfbL ;d'bfox?nfO{ x/If]qdf pk]Iff u/]sf], k'g:yf{lkt ;+;bn] klg nfvf}+sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf jfbL ;d'bfosf] d'lQmsf] nflu s'g} sfd gu/]sf] eGb} ljleGg dfux? /fvL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no bfËdf ;f]daf/ dfukq k]z u/]sf] 5 .
……cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf kfpg], wd{lg/k]If /fHo / 5'jf5't d'Qm /fHoÚÚ 3f]if0ff cflb ul/P klg xfn;Dd Jojxf/df nfu" gePsf] eGb} k':tf}b]lv e"ldxLg jfbL ;d'bfonfO{ e"ldnufot uf;, jf; / skf;sf] Uof/]G6L, /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf, lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo, lzIffsf] Joj:yf, afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;+/If0f s]Gb|df ;+/lIft, jfbL ;d'bfosf] ;Lk / snfnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f, gful/stfaf6 al~rtx?nfO{ gful/stf k|bfg, ljjfx btf{, hGd btf{ ug{ kfpg] jftfj/0f tof/ kfl/of];\ nufotsf dfux? /fvL ;of}sf] ;+Vofsf] ¥ofnL;lxt ;f] dfu /fv]sf x'g\ .
;fy} dfukqdf g]kfndf ;of}+ jif{b]lv blnt ;d'bfodfly hftkft 5'jf5't h:tf] cdfgjLo, lgs[i6 vfnsf] k|yfsf] hf“tf]d'lg lkl;b} cfPsf] blnt ;d'bfoleqsf] of] hfltsf] d'lQmsf] nflu @)^#÷#÷( ut] !* ;"qLo dfukq ul/Psf] :d/0f u/fp“b} ljut hgcfGbf]ngdf of] ;d'bfosf] pNn]Vo ;xeflutf /x]kl5 klg of] dfusf] ;'g'jfO{ geP csf]{ b]zJofkL hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;[li6 ug{ afWo x'g] r]tfjgL klg lbOPsf] 5 .
xh'/cfdfsf] dgdf sfnf] k|zf;gsf] 5fk
clj/n >]i7
l;wf kl/kfl§ kmls{P/ x]bf{ k"j{ klZrd nfDrf] ag]/ km}lnPsf] uf]/vf ahf/ laxfgL 3fdsf] ls/0f;+u} rlDsb} lyof] . ahf/sf] dflyNnf] efu h+unL /]Ghdf 6Gg Ps w;f{ 6fpsf]df km]6f u'y] em} x':;'sf] a:tL, To;}sf] 7Ls cufl8 ;fd'Gg] kg]{ s§]n 8f“8f ufp“ pxL ;lxb /fdaxfb'/ cof{nsf xh'/ af / xh'/ cfdf vu'dfof cof{nsf] ;fgf] nfn em'k8L, ;j{xf/f juL{o ljrf/wf/fsf] cf:yfsf] k"“hL xf] . gf} t]x|sf] b'O{tn] 3/df sl/a kf“r jif{ cl3;Dd xh'/ af klg x'g'x'bf]/x]5 . oltv]/ t pxf“ klg lalt;Sg' eP5 . xfdL Toxf“ k'Ubf xh'/cfdf PSn} tLg÷rf/j6f km;L{sf] d'G6f lnP/ lk+9Ldf s]nfO/x]sf lyP .
æcfdf s] a]nf 5 oltv]/ < style="font-weight: normal;">b]zsf] ;'/Iff ug]{ lhDdf hg;]gfn] lng'k5{
boflglw e§
ef/tLo u'08f / ;'/IffsdL{x?åf/f k6s k6s n'l6b} cfPsf ;LdfIf]qsf g]kfnL a:tLx?df u0ftflGqs cleofg lnP/ hgd'lQm ;]gf k|j]z u/]kl5 v';Lsf] axf/ dfq 5fPsf] 5}g zflGtsf] ;Gb]z klg km}lnPsf] 5 tL a:tLx?df .
ljutdf n'l6+bfsf] kL8f ;'gfpb} lrtjg df8L If]qcGt{ut cof]Wofk'/L uf=h=;=sf] af“b/em'nfsf Ps o'jsn] eg] æ;do;dodf xft xltof/;lxt cfpg] ef/tLo u'08fx?n] pbL{ hf/L u/]cg';f/ lbgbxf8} v;L, s'v'/f / ef“8fs'“8f ;d]t af]s]/ ef/tsf] klZrd r'd/f]Ë lhNnfsf] af]8{/;Dd k'¥ofOlbg' kb5{ . k|ltjfb ug]{ jf c6]/ ug]{ ul/of] eg] Hofg} hfg] ;Defjgf x'G5 . pgn] eg]– æTolt dfq xf]Og s}of} dlxnfx? u'08f / ;'/IffsdL{x?åf/f anfTs[t x'g] u/]sf / sltko ckx/0fkZrft\ ef/tLo a]Zofnox?df a]lrg] u/]sf] :yfgLo lzlIfsf lbndfof u'?Ë atfp“l5g\ . v'nf ;Ldfgf / /fHosf] Go"g pkl:ylt /xg] To; If]qsf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf lnP/ a;]sf] elgPsf] s0f]{n clht yfkfsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] k'/fgf] ;]gf cfSsnem'Ssn k'Ug] u/] klg 8fsfx?;+u pgLx?sf] ldn]dtf] /x]sf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx? atfp5g\ . ldn]dtf] geP ;]gf / 8f“sf xft ldnfP/ s;/L lx+8\5g\ t < style="font-weight: normal;">u0ftGq g]kfnsf] nflu blnt cfGbf]ng
bfª÷g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ s]Gb|Lo cfwf/ Onfsf If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldltn] /fhtGqsf] ;d'n cGTo eP/ nf]stlGqs u0ftGqfTds Joj:yfdf dfq blntx?sf] d'lQm x'g] 7x/ ub}{ To;sf] nflu Jofks hgdt ;[hgf ug{ cfkm\gf] ;u7gn] æu0ftGq g]kfnsf nflu blnt cleofgÆ ;~rfng ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 .
df]rf{sf] s]Gb|Lo cfwf/ OnfsLo If]qLo ;ldltsf] k|yd j}7sn] ;f] lg0f{o lnPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . cleofgsf] cjlwe/ blntdfly eO/x]sf ;Dk"0f{ pTkL8gsf lj?4 blntx?nfO{ ;+u7gdf u]njGb u/fp“b} u|fdL0f If]q zx/ / ;b/d'sfddf ;+u7g lj:tf/ ug]{, blntx?n] ;~rfng cfPsf] s'l6/ pBf]usf] 7f]; ljZn]if0f ub}{} lji6 k|yfsf] cGTo / d"No k|yfsf], s'l6/ pBf]unfO{ cfw'lgs ;xsf/L pBf]usf] :t/df ljsf; ug]{ /x]sf 5g\ .
df]rf{sf] s]Gb|Lo cfwf/ OnfsLo If]qLo ;+of]hs rGb| j= ljZjsdf{åf/f x:tfIfl/t lj1lKtdf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .
df]rf{åf/f 3f]/fxLdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf 5nkmndf p7]sf ;d;fdlos k|Zgsf] hjfkm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lw/h z]kf{nLn] cf/If0fn] blntnfO{ blntjfbL agfpg] :ki6 kfb}{ ljz]if clwsf/n] dfq blntsf] jf:tljs d'lQm x'g] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o l/d j=ljZjsdf{, If]qLo ;b:o cf]k]Gb| j= ljZjsdf{,bfª lhNnf cWoIf dfg j= /;fOnL, lht]Gb|dfg kl/of/ /fh]z g]kfnL s0f{ j= kl/of/, lgd j= lj=s=nufotsf cltlyx?sf] pkl:ylt lyof] .
;+lIfKt ;dfrf/kf“r lbg] cfwf/e"t :s"lnª\
uf]/vf÷clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g ljz]if pks]Gb|sf] cfof]hgfdf ut ;fpg @& b]lv #! ;Dd uf]/vf lhNnfsf] £ofNrf]s uf=lj=;df :s"lnª ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
k|d'v cltly u'0f/fh nf]xgLn] sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltlysf] ?kdf klZrd Jo"/f] O~rfh{ pQdnufot af;' :d[lt la|u]8 sld;f/ s=leid x'g'x'GYof] . dfS;{jfbsf tLg ;+36s c+usf af/]df :s"lnª\ ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df u'0f/fh nf]xgLn] bz{gsf] af/]df, ;+u7gdf dxf;lrj s0f{ a:g]t / s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ef]nf ;fksf]6fn] j}1flgs ;dfhjfbsf] / /fhg}lts cy{zf:qsf] af/]df ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o huGgfy cfrfo{n] JofVof ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf afudtL / gf/fo0fL c~rnsf !& lhNnfaf6 #( hgf lzIfsx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] eg] ;dfkgdf k|d'v cltly nf]xgLn] k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ ePsf sf7df8f}+sf ch'{g e§ / elu/y Gof}kfg], d'G;L ofbjnufotnfO{ l6sf nufP/ :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
eLdbQ ls;fg ;+u7g ;'b9 tyf lj:tf/ cleofg ;~rfng
aemfª ÷ ;fd|fHojfbL lj:tf/jfbL e|ddf pTkLl8t ls;fg gk/f}+ †, h;sf] hf]t p;sf] kf]t sfod ug{ eLdbQ ls;fg cleofgdf h'6f}+ †† eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy aemfªdf clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf] b'O{ dlxg] eLdbQ ls;fg ;+u7g ;'b[9 tyf lj:tf/ cleofg ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . eLdbQ kGtsf] :d[lt lbj; ;fpg !& ut]b]lv pb\3f6g eO{ c;f]h !& ut] ;DkGg x'g] pQm cleofgsf] d'Vo p2]Zox?df k|To]s pTkLl8t ls;fgnfO{ uf]naGb ug{], cfd ls;fgnfO{ h'emf? agfpg] ;fd|fHojfbL, lj:tf/jfbL / ;fdGtjfbLx?sf] g]kfnL ls;fg dflysf] e|d lrg{] / k|To]s ls;fg, ;'s'Daf;L, xlnof, sd}of ls;fgx?nfO{ ;+u7gdf cfa4 ug{]nufotsf /x]sf 5g\ .
clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ aemfª lhNnf ;+of]hs tyf eLdbQ ls;fg ;+u7g ;'b[9 tyf lj:tf/ cleofgsf sdf08/ tf]kaxfb'/ v8\sfsf cg';f/ of] cleofg ;]tL–dxfsfnLsf gf} j6} lhNnfx?df ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 .
cleofg ;~rfngkZrft\ aemfªdf cleofgofqLx?åf/f lhNnfsf ljleGg 7fp“x?df ;+u7g ;'b[9 tyf lj:tf/ eO/x]sf 5g\ eg] hg>d / hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng eO/x]sf 5g\ . cleofgs} qmddf r}gk'/ ufh;sf] gf} j6} jfh;x?df ;+u7g lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] 5fGgf dfemL ufh;sf] d]Nt8Ldf cjl:yt d]Nt8L k|:tfljt lgdfljsf] k|fË0fdf j[Iff/f]k0f ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L hg>d / ;+u7g ;'b[9 tyf lj:tf/ x'“bf cleofgn] aemfª lhNnfdf clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_k|lt ls;fgx?sf] rf;f] a9fOlbPsf] 5 eg] ls;fg cfGbf]ngdf gof“ pmhf{ yKg] atfOG5 . cleofgs} cjlwdf qmflGtsf/L e"ld;'wf/ P]g nfu" ul/g'kg{] lhpnfdf agfPsf] ;]gfsf] Aof/]s cGt ;f/L ls;fgsf] hUuf lkmtf{ ul/g'kg{] / pTkL8gdf k/]sf b]z}el/sf ls;fgsf hNbfaNbf ;d:of xn ul/g'kg{] nufotsf dfu /fvL k|zf;g ;fd' dfukq k]z ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 .
cleofgdf clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf tyf Pl/ofsf ;b:ox? h'l6/x]sf 5g\ . – kbd v8\sf
h'6\b}5g\ dlxnfx? bfªdf
bfª,÷3f]/fxL ahf/sf] pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] xndf cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ bfª lhNnfsf] cfof]hsŒjdf clxn]sf] kl/l:yltdf dlxnf lzlIfsfx?sf] e"ldsf ljiffos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf d'Vo cltly cg]d ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ljdnf s]=;L= x'g'x'GYof] eg] ;+rfns cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o aGw' rGb x'g'x'GYof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly ljdnf s]=;L= n] k|lzIf0fd"ns dGtJo /fVb} eGg'eof]– æxfd|f] b]zdf obL nf]stflGqs u0ftGq cfP/ klg dlxnfnfO{ Wofg lbOPg eg] Tolta]nf ljb|fx u/]/ hfg ;Sg] lsl;dn] xfdL ;+ul7t x'g h?/L 5 .Æ sfo{qmdsf csf{ cltly clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gsf pkfWoIf g/axfb'/ b'nfnn] clxn]sf] o'udf j}1flgs lzIff k|0ffnL x'g'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf pkl:yt lzlIfsfx?n] cf–cfºgf] k|ltlqmof /fVg] qmddf e/tk'/ SofDk; k|d'v /fwf zfxn]– æ;+ljwfg;efdf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf ePg eg] xfdL dlxnf km]l/ klg kl5 kg]{5f}+Æ eGg'eof] . o;}u/L lzlIfsf s[i0ff uf}tdsf] ljrf/ lyof] dlxnf d'lQmsf] nflu ju{;+3if{ / ;fd"lxs cfGbf]ngsf] cfjZostf 5 .
sfo{qmddf pkl:yt x'g kfPsf]df v'zL JoQm ub}{ d]rL–sfnL af]l8{ªsL lzlIfsf lzjf zdf{ elG5g\\– æclxn]sf] kl/l:ylt l;h{gf !( lbgsf] cfGbf]ngn] dfq geP/ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] u/]sf] bz jif{sf] hgo'4n] k|d'v e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 .Æ ;f] sfo{qmddf nIdL cfrfo{, ;'lgtf k'g, bLklzvf af]l8{ªaf6 ljhof l3ld/], zflGt lgs]tgsL ljGb' dNn, /df e08f/Lnufot !* hgf dlxnf lzlIfsfx?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] .
o'uf}+b]lv hsl8Psf] ;dfhnfO{ abNg dlxnfx? ;zQm ?kdf p7\g'k5{ eGg] ljrf/sf ;fy sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] . Hof]lt zdf{af6
hgtfn] Jof/]sdf tfnf df/]
k"j{ klZrd /fhdfu{sf ;8s v08x?df lbgx' x'g] n'6kf6df zfxL ;]gf -xfn g]kfnL ;]gf_ / k|x/Lsf] ;+nUgtf / ;xefuLtfsf] cfjfh pl7/x]sf] a]nf gjnk/f;Lsf hgtfx?n] b'O{ n'6]/f slyt ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ /Ë]xft lu/kmtf/ u/]sf 5g\ . /ftL sfjf;f]tLl:yt Ps 3/af6 rf]/L u/]/ ;fO{sndf eUbfefUb} hgtfn] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf x'g . o;/L hgtfsf] /Ifs eg]/ l8ª xf“Sg gyfSg] slyt ;'/Iff sdL{ g} n'6]/f ag]sf]df cfqmf]lzt hgtfn] k|bz{g u/L ;]gf / k|x/LnfO{ Aof/]s d} y'gL u]6df tfnf nufOlbPsf 5g\ . kqmfp k/]sfdf sfjf;f]tLsf k|x/L hjfg t'n;L rf}w/L / wgu9Lsf ;]gfsf xjNbf/ jL/axfb'/ tfdfË 5g\ . k|bz{gsf] :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx? dx]Gb| /fhdfu{df 6fo/ afnL lbge/ cfjfudg aGb u/fPsf lyP . l:yltnfO{ c? pQ]lht gagfpg / hgtfnfO{ ;+oldt /xg dfcf]jfbL hgldlnl;ofsf] kl/rfng u/]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] lyof] . cGTodf dfcf]jfbL k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df lu/kmtf/ n'6]/fnfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug]{ ;t{df k|Zff;gdf a'´fpg ;xdt ePsf lyP .
To;}u/L tgx'“ /fdgu/—b]jjf;sf hgtfn] klg n'6]/fx? dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ k|ltlglwsf] pkl:yltdf dfq k|zf;gnfO{ a'´fPsf lyP . ;fpg @( ut] lu/km\tf/ u/]/ /fv]sf s;/f Aof/]ssf ;]gf ;'hg u'?Ë;lxt rf/hgf n'6]/fnfO{ hgtfn] k|zf;gn] w]/} rf]6L a'´fpg cfu|x ubf{ klg ga'´fPkl5 dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] /f]xj/df a'´fOPsf] xf] . lghx?af6 tLg j6f ;Ld;lxtsf rf/ j6f df]afOn, ;'gsf l;qmL, 6k / gub tL; xhf/ Ps $% ?k}of“, rf/÷kf“r j6f v'8fv's'/L, gSsnL k]:tf}nnufotsf ;fdu+|Lx? a/fdb u/]sf lyP . zfxL ;/sf/sf kfnfsf j8fcWoIfsf 5f]/f /0faxfb'/ du/ tgx'“ klg ;+nUg /x]sf] pQm n'6]/fsf] ;d"xnfO{ pgLdfkm{t\ hgtfn] gf/fo0fu9sf ljleGg nh / xf]6naf6 lu/km\tf/ u/]sf lyP .Æ klxn] t hgtfn] k|zf;gdf a'´fpg dfg]sf lyPgg\ km]l/ k|zf;gn] 5f]l8b]nf / s8f s/jfxL gunf{ eGg] hgtfdf nfu]sf] lyof] . xfd|f] pkl:ylt x'g'k5{ eg] dfucg'?k g} k|zf;gdf n'6]/fx?nfO{ a'´fOPsf] xf]Æ gf/fo0fu9sf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf Onfsf O~rfh{ s=ljj]s atfpg'x'G5 .
dw]zL d'lQm df]rf{sf] e]nf
sf7df8f}+÷dw];L /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf oxL ebf} !) ut] lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf cWoog/t dw]zL ljBfyL{x?sf] e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=dft[sf ofbjsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg e]nfdf cGo cltlyx? dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfnsf pkfWoIf ;Togf/fo0f eut, lqljljsf k"j{:jljo" pk;efklt tyf cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf k"j{ ;lrjfno ;b:o lzj/fd ofbj, cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf ;lrjfno ;b:o tf/f e08f/Lnufotsf] pkl:ylt lyof] .
e]nfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ k|d'v cltly s=dft[sf k|;fb ofbjn] bf]xf]/f] pTkL8gdf k/]sf dw]zL ;d'bfosf] d'lQmsf] lglDt dw]zL ljBfyL{x? Ps x'g'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . e]nfn] s'df/ sDn]Gb|dsf] cWoIftfdf tLg ;b:o kl5 yKg] u/L !& ;b:oLo dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno OsfO ;ldltsf] u7g u/]sf] 5 .
u0ftflGqs cleofg ;~rfng
sf:sL÷g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_, sf:sL lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf oxL efb| ! ut]b]lv sf:sL lhNnfe/ …ljho–/fh u0ftflGqs cleofgÚ ;~rfng ePsf] 5 .
tTsfnLg lhNnf ;]qm]6/L dxfg\ ;lxb ljho 9sfn / tTsfnLg lhNnf ;x–O~rfh{ /fhljqmd e't]{nsf] gfdaf6 cleofgsf] gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . cleofgsf] pb\3f6g zxLb ljho 9sfnsf afa' 3gZofd 9sfn / zxLb /fhljqmd e't]{nsL 5f]/L clgtf e't]{nn] ;+o'Qm?kdf ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
xhf/f}+ hg;d'bfosf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg cleofg pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf ;lxba'af 3gZofd 9sfn, blnt df]rf{sf wgaxfb'/ lj=s=, dlxnf df]rf{sL ;'zLnf l;+v8fn] cleofg ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
…;+3Lo u0ftGq g]kfn lgdf{0f cfd hgtfsf] rfxgf † ;+ul7t / s]lGb|s[t ;+3if{ ug]{ sf:s]nL hgtfsf] efjgf ††Ú eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy z'? ePsf] cleofg clxn] sf:sL lhNnfsf ;a} Onfsfdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 .
To;}u/L, …cfGbf]ngsf/L hgtfsf] cu|ufdL r]tgfnfO{ ;'b[9 / h'emf? hg;+u7gdf abnf}+ † u0ftflGqs g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] nflu lgMzt{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] tof/Ldf h'6f}+ ††Ú eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_, afUn'ª\ lhNnf ;ldltn] ut ;fpg @) ut]b]lv cfufdL sflt{s @) ut];Dd lhNnfel/ Jofks?kdf hg;DaGwo'Qm ;+u7g ;'b[9 cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . cleofgsf] nIo ;'b[9 kf6L{ / Jofks Pjd\ ;lqmo hg;+u7g lgdf{0f ug]{, hgtfsf] cu|ufdL r]tgfnfO{ cem ;zQm / k|lt/f]wfTds agfpg] cfGtl/s k+lQm / hgk+lQmdf k|lzIf0f rnfpg], kf6L{nfO{ cfwf/e"t ju{df k'¥ofpg] nIo /x]sf], s'g} g s'g} lsl;dn] >ddf hf]l8g] / ljz]if tj/n] >dcleofg ;~rfng ug]{ p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 .
lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] dfu
g]kfn lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7gn] …lghfdtL ;]jf P]g—@)$(Údf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;/sf/;Fu dfu u/]sf] 5 .
;+u7gn] efb| !! ut] Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L nuftf/ Ps} kbdf !% jif{ ;]jf u/]sf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?sf] dflyNnf] kbdf a9'jf x'g'kg]{, pk;lrj;Ddsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ 6«]8 o'lgog clwsf/ k|bfg ug'{kg]{, s/f/df sd{rf/L /fVg] Joj:yf ug{ gx'g], lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ PsLs[t ;+u7gsf] ?kdf lgdf{0f ug{ ljBdfg >]0fLut k|0ffnLnfO{ vf/]h u/L txut k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{, Ps lbgsf] tna a/fa/ Ps u|]8 sfod x'g'kg]{, rf8kj{ vr{ @ dlxgfsf] tna sfod ul/g'kg]{ nufotsf dfux? sd{rf/L ;+u7gn] u/]sf] 5 .
;+u7gsf dxf;lrj ef]nfgfy kf]v|]nåf/f x:tfIfl/t lj1lKtdf hgcfGbf]ngdf lqmofzLn 6«]8 o'lgogx?nfO{ >d tyf /f]huf/ ljefudf btf{ x'g] Joj:yf ug{;d]t dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
dhb'/ e]nf

clvn g]kfn lgdf{0f dhb'/ ;+3 pkTosf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] e]nf oxL ebf} !) ut] sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
e]nfn] dbg bfxnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !# ;b:oLo pkTofsf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf ab|L ahufO{sf] k|d'v cfltYodf e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L ;f]xL lbg ;"o{ nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf !( ;b:oLo sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;ldlt, lji0f' kf}8]nsf] cWoIftfdf !% ;b:oLo eQmk'/ lhNnf ;ldlt / s0f{ y'n'Ësf] cWoIftfdf !% ;b:oLo nlntk'/ lhNnf ;ldltsf] u7g ul/Psf] 5 .

;:d/0f÷cg'e'lt
>4]o u'? l8lehg sdf08/ ;'lgnsf] ;Demgfdf
r]tg s'j“/
qmflGtsf bf}/fg To:tf Psfw JolQmŒjx? x'G5g\\\, hf] ef]sfgf¨f hgtfx? dfemaf6} p7], /ut, cf“z', kl;gfsf] ;fOgf];+u hgtfdf emf“luP, clg h'uh'u d'lQmdfu{df nfdaGbL eO/xg cfx\jfg ub}{ cf]em]n k/]sf 5g\ . xf] † o:t} dxfg\\\ k'?ifx?dWo] Ps zLif{:y JolQmŒj x'g'x'G5 xfd|f dxfg\\\ u'? ;'lgn ;/ . pxf“ cfh ef}lts ?kdf xfd|f] ;fd'af6 5'l§g' ePsf] 5 t/ pxf“sf] lj5f]8n] nfvf}+ cf“vfx? leh]sf 5g\ 5ftLx? eSsflgPsf 5g\ . / o'uf}o'u;Dd pxf“x?n] b]vfPsf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g k|lta4 agfPsf] 5 .
xf], dfG5] hGd]kl5 d[To' t clgjfo{ x'G5 . t/ d[To' klg cy{ / cgy{ x'G5g\ . hf] b]z / hgtfsf kIfdf n8\b} ubf{ pRr d[To'j/0f u5{, Tof] d[To' ;u/dfyf eGbf ux|f}+ x'G5 t/ hf] d'Le/ zf]ifs–;fdGtsf] lxtdf n8]/ d5{ Tof] d[To' Kjf“veGbf xn'ª\uf] x'G5 . alnbfgL qmflGtsf] pmhf{ xf] o; dfg]df, xfdL ;'lgn ;/sf] zxfbtdf b'MvL t ePs} 5f}+ t/ klg qmflGtsf] ljhosf nflu dxfg\\\ alnbfg klg clgjfo{ zt{ xf] eGg]df xfdL ljZj:t x'g}kbf]{ /x]5 .
xfdLnfO{ ofb 5, hgo'4 z'? ePsf] lyPg . ufp“ufp“df hgtfsf b'Zdgx?dfly sfjf{xLsf lemNsfx? p7\b} lyP . Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ ljb|f]x ;Ns“b} uof] . @)%@ ;fndf hgo'4 z'? eof] . km6fxf, hfnL, z'bvf]/x? km6fkm6 ;kmfof x'“b} lyP, hfnL td;'s sAhf x'“b} lyP, aGb'sx? sAhf x'“b} lyP . oL 36gfqmdx?n] hg;d'bfodf t/ª\lut kfb}{ lyof] . o:tf] nfUbYof] hgtfsf kIfdf n8\g] tL jL/x? s:tf xf]nfg\ < s="k|jL0f_" s=";'lgn" s=";'lgn">dn] cflh{t cfºg} cfwf/Onfsfdf 9Ng'eof] . efjgfx? 5rlNsP, aGb'sx? aGb eP em}+ nfUof], sndx? rNg 5f]8] em}+ nfUof] . t/ xfdLn] ;lDemof}+ dxfg\\\ ;fDojfbdf k'Ug] nIo . k|Tofqmd0fsf] bf];|f] kmf}hL of]hgf, b'Zdgsf] 9f8df 6]s]/ 6fpsf]df k|xf/ ug]{ of]hgf ;'lgn ;/n] zxfbtsf] s]xL a]/ cufl8;Dd oxL k|lzIf0f lb+b} x'g'x'GYof] .

kf7s k|ltlqmof

sf]O/fnf s] sf]/Nb}5g\ <
;DkfbsHo",
hgcfGbf]ng efu–@ sf] :ki6 p2]Zo 5 nf]stflGqs u0ftGq . ;fdGtL /fhtGq zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo / cTofrf/sf] h8 xf] . g]kfnL hgtfsf] pGglt / k|ultnfO{ o;n] slxNo} :jLsfg{ ;s]g . g]kfnL hgtf o;sf] kfngkf]if0f ug{ rfx“b}gg\ / of] dx“uf] …tGqÚnfO{ kfNg klg ;Sb}gg\ . of] ljnf;L tGqnfO{ cGTo gul/P;Dd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;f“rf] k|hftGq cfp“b}g . o;sf] cGTo ug{ zf]lift,kLl8t g]kfnL hgtf cft'/ 5g\ . o;af6 d'lQm rfxG5g\ . of] tGqdf OHht ;Ddfg / k|lti7f 5}g . of] c;Eo tGqn] c?sf] ;Ddfg ug{ klg hfGb}gg\ . of] c;Eo / dx“uf] tGq, /fhtGqsf] cGTo ug{ sxL+ s;}af6 g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ al~rt ug{ vf]lhof] eg] Tof] k|hftGq klg ;fdGtL /fhtGq;+u} cfo{3f6df k'Ug] 5 . o;sf] hu]gf{ ug{]nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] sbflk hu]gf{ / dfkmL lbg] 5}gg\ .
hgcfGbf]ng efu @ df em08} b'O{ bh{g ;fx;L, axfb'/ / k|hftGqsf] ;Rrfk|]dLx?n] xf“;L–xf“;L aGb's / af?b;+u} h'‰bfh'‰b} cfk"mnfO{ cfx"lt lbP . xhf/f}+xhf/ of]4fx? cem} klg c:ktfnsf] z}øofdf 5g\ . s]xL cem} cr]t 5g\ . xftv'§f ef“lrg]sf] oxf“ uGtL g} 5}g . oL 3fOt]x?n] c:ktfnaf6} ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] cGTo pb\3f]if ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfk"m d/] klg b]zdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] kfl/nf] 3fd nfuf];\ eg]/ pb\3f]if ul//x]sf 5g\ . s] hgcfGbf]ngdf lx+8]sf sf]O/fnfn] ;8sdf nfvf}+nfv hgtfn] a'nGb u/]sf] u0ftGqsf] cfjfh lal;{P <> /fHosf] ;DklQdf e"dflkmofsf] sAhf
;DkfbsHo",
emfkf lhNnf cgf/dgL / zlgZr/] ufh;sf] dftxtdf /x]sf] kf“r ;o laufxf If]qdf km}lnPsf] lu/LaGw' l6:6]6nfO{ pBf]u tyf sDkgL P]g ljk/Lt tLg v08df qmdzM lu/LaGw', Go" lu/LaGw' / gfh l6:6]6 u/L af“8kmf“8 tyf efua08f u/L /fHosf] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ :yfgLo e"–dflkmofåf/f ljut df3 !( sf] k|ToIf /fhfsf] zf;gsfndf Jofks b'?kof]u u/]sf] tYo :ki6 kfg{ rfxG5' .
lgod ljk/Lt pQm lrof aufgdWo]sf gfh l6:6]6sf k|f]k|fO6/ ;'bz{g lu/Ln] %@ laufxf If]qsf] lrof aufg :yfgLo hfnLkm6fxf e"–dflkmofsf] ;fy lnO{ bh{gf}+ dhb'/ lj:yflkt u/L >dhLjL ju{sf] unf /]6\g] sfo{ u/] eg] tL ;fdGt bnfnx? pQm hUufnfO{ 38]/L laqmL u/L s/f]8klt aGg] of]hgf tof/ u/] . Tolta]nf dhb'/ lj:yflkt ubf{ zfxL ;Qfsf] cf8df wfswDsL lb+b} 6«sdf rGb|u9L l;l8cf] sfof{nodf nuL dhb'/nfO{ sa'nLotgfdf u/fO{ lj:yflkt u/fOPsf] t/ dhb'/ ju{n] / a'l4hLjL hg;d'bfon] tLa| lj/f]w u/]kl5 g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ;d]t kf6L{sf] em08f uf8L s]xL ;do /f]s]kl5 k'gM tL dflkmof;+usf] gftf ;DaGwsf cfwf/df clgoldt 9+un] %@ laufxf hUuf gfh l6:6]6 dflkmof zf]ifs ;fdGtnfO{ ;'lDkPsf] / k'/fg} ;Qfsf] sfg'g e"ld;'wf/ P]g @)@! bkmf !@ sf] …ªÚadf]lhd klg /fHosf] ;DklQ eGg] tYo ;fljt ePsf] x'gfn] o;nfO{ plrt 5fgljg / sf/jfxL u/L ;TotYo ;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu ub{} hg;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg xfd|f] hgu'gf;f]nfO{ hgfb]zdfkm{t\ k|sfz ul/lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .
sdnk|;fb s8l/of
ljtf{df]8, emfkf